多体动力学的几何积分方法研究进展

动力系统的几何积分研究是近20年来工程计算领域非常活跃的方向.多体动力学方程(微分方程, 微分代数方程)是一类典型的动力系统,将其从Lagrange体系向Hamilton系统过渡,目的在于从欧氏几何过渡到辛几何形态, 将对偶变量引入到力学研究中,然后利用辛几何的数学框架对多体系统动力学方程进行数值计算,可以预知多体动力学系统的一些定性信息,并在数值离散时能保持这些定性性质特征,尤其在表示关键的物理意义时需要强调保持这些几何性质.简要介绍多体系统(无约束多刚体系统、完整约束多刚体系统和柔性多体系统)的Hamilton正则方程的建立和几何积分方法的构造,着重介绍了在多体动力学计算中非常有应用前景的高阶辛算法(合成辛算法、分裂合成辛算法和辛精细积分法)、多辛算法,以及广义Hamilton 系统与Lie 群积分方法等计算几何力学方法, 并对Lie群积分的投影方法、流形局部坐标法等方法进行了阐述.      

Experimental study of vortex-induced vibrations of a cylinder near a rigid plane boundary in steady flow

In this study, the vortex-induced vibrations of a cylinder near a rigid plane boundary in a steady flow are studied experimentally. The phenomenon of vortex-induced vibrations of the cylinder near the rigid plane boundary is reproduced in the flume. The vortex shedding frequency and mode are also measured by the methods of hot film velocimeter and hydrogen bubbles. A parametric study is carded out to investigate the influences of reduced velocity, gap-to-diameter ratio, stability parameter and mass ratio on the amplitude and frequency responses of the cylinder. Experimental results indicate： （1） the Strouhal number （St） is around 0.2 for the stationary cylinder near a plane boundary in the sub-criti- cal flow regime; （2） with increasing gap-to-diameter ratio （eo/D）, the amplitude ratio （A/D） gets larger but frequency ratio （f/fn） has a slight variation for the case of larger values of eo/D（eo/D 〉 0.66 in this study）; （3） there is a clear difference of amplitude and frequency responses of the cylin- derbetween the larger gap-to-diameter ratios （e0/D 〉 0.66） and the smaller ones （e0/D 〈 0.3）; （4） the vibration of the cylinder is easier to occur and the range of vibration in terms of Vr number becomes more extensive with decrease of the stability parameter, but the frequency response is affected slightly by the stability parameter; （5） with decreasing mass ratio, the width of the lock-in ranges in terms of Vr and the frequency ratio （f/fn） become larger.     

溶剂热法制备Ag/TiO2纳米材料及其光催化性能

以乙醇为溶剂, 钛酸四丁酯为前驱体, 用溶剂热法制备了Ag表面修饰的负载型纳米二氧化钛光催化剂. 利用X射线衍射(XRD)、N₂吸附-脱附(BET)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)、紫外-可见(UV-Vis)光谱等技术对其进行了系统的表征, 以亚甲基蓝(MB)溶液的脱色降解为模型反应, 考察了不同Ag含量样品的光催化性能. 结果表明: 用溶剂热法制备的样品中TiO₂皆为锐钛矿相, 金属Ag颗粒沉积在TiO₂表面, 粒径为2 nm左右, 比表面积较溶胶凝胶法制备的样品大大增加, 最高可达151.44 m²·g^-1; UV-Vis光谱和光催化实验表明: Ag修饰使TiO₂对光的吸收能力大大增强, 吸收带边红移至可见光区, 亚甲基蓝在该复合材料上的光催化降解反应遵循一级反应动力学模型; 溶剂热法制备样品的光催化性能明显好于溶胶凝胶法制备的样品, 在紫外光和可见光下, Ag摩尔分数为5%的样品表现出最佳的光催化活性.     

Y掺杂Ba0.90Sr0.08Ca0.02TiO3固溶体纳米晶粒尺寸 对其晶体结构的影响

The title nanocrystalline powders were prepared by sol-gel method, the influences of grain size on crystal structure were investigated by XRD and DSC techniques.The experiment results show that the tetragonal ferroelectric phase content of the powders and the Curie temperature Tc are increased with the increase of grain size.When the grain size is less than 34.7nm, crystal structure of the particle changes into cubic paraelectric phase and the transition of ferro-paraelectric phase disappears as well.     

Two New Steroidal Glycosides from Ophiopogon japonicus

The tuber of Ophiopogon japonicus Ker-Gawl. is recorded to have various functions, such as against cardiovascular diseases and anti-bacteria, and used as a potent drug to treat different diseases, especially heart diseases1. Since the first steriodal glycoside was isolated from the plant by Japanese scholars2, much attention has been paid to the studies of the chemical components of O. japonicus in recent decades. Steroidal glycosides as the major glycosides with the aglycones of ruscogenin …     

基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱研究（I）：林芳烃化合物

采用基质辅助激光解吸电离飞行时间质谱（ＭＡＬＤＩ－ＴＯＦ－ＭＳ）对杯芳烃化合物进行了分析。探讨了样品的制备条件、仪器操作参数等因素对测定结果的影响。２５种样品的质谱数据表明,利用ＭＡＬＤＩ－ＴＯＦ－ＭＳ可非常方便地得到灵敏度、分辨率、准确度均较高,且易于识别和解析的质谱图,为此类化合物的质谱表征提供和建立了一种新的高效分析方法。     

Kinetic Exponents of Grain Growth in Practical and Simulated ABO3 Ceramics

It is now established that there is a strong correlation between the physical properties of ceramics and their microstructures, which result mainly from the grain growth process^[1-3]. Therefore, the study of grain growth during the ceramic evolution is one of fundamental importance^[4-6].     

Ag/La_(0.6)Sr_(0.4)MnO_3基催化剂上CH_3OH和CO的完全氧化

合成了Ag/La0 6 Sr0 4 MnO3和Ag/La0 6 Sr0 4 MnO3/γ -Al2 O3两系列催化剂 ;发现钙钛矿型La0 6 Sr0 4 MnO3对低浓度CH3OH或CO的完全氧化显示出相当高的催化活性 ,适量Ag对钙钛矿型La0 6 Sr0 4 MnO3基质的修饰使其对CH3OH或CO完全氧化催化活性获明显提高 ;在 6%Ag/2 0 %La0 6 Sr0 4 MnO3/γ -Al2 O3催化剂上 ,CH3OH完全氧化的T95温度可低至 4 1 3K ,反应尾气中CH3OH氧化中间产物HCHO和CO的含量在检测极限以下 ;而在相同反应条件下在 1 %Pd/γ -Al2 O3和 1 %Pt/γ -Al2 O3催化剂上 ,CH3OH完全氧化的T95温度分别为 5 1 2和 4 68K ,相应反应尾气中HCHO含量分别为 2 0 0× 1 0 -6 和 63 0× 1 0 -6 ;对比考察了这些催化剂的耐热性能和操作稳定性 ,并结合XRD、XPS和H2 -TPR的表征结果 ,讨论了Ag的促进使用本质     

超高分子量聚乙烯/Al_2O_3生物摩擦学特性的研究

在自制销 -盘摩擦磨损试验机上评价了超高分子量聚乙烯 (UHMWPE)与 Al2 O3陶瓷摩擦副在干摩擦和生理盐水、蒸馏水及人血浆润滑条件下的摩擦学特性 ,用扫描电镜观察试样磨损表面形貌并分析磨损机理 .结果表明 :在干摩擦和生理盐水及蒸馏水润滑条件下的起始摩擦系数较接近 ,血浆润滑条件下的起始摩擦系数最低 ;稳态摩擦系数在干摩擦时最大 ,蒸馏水润滑条件下最小 ,生理盐水和人血浆润滑条件下较接近并比蒸馏水润滑下的高 ;干摩擦下UHMWPE的磨损率最大 ,血浆润滑条件下的最小 .干摩擦下 UHMWPE磨损表面可见大量不规则的细小纤维状磨屑 ,蒸馏水润滑下 UHMWPE磨损表面可见明显的塑性变形和疲劳剥落迹象 ,而血浆润滑条件下 UHMWPE磨损表面则可见大量的疲劳微裂纹     

误差自补偿惯性导航系统监测回路数据处理技术的研究

针对误差自补偿惯性导航系统的特点,设计了该系统监测回路的鲁棒自适应滤波,理论分析和仿真结果表明,鲁棒自适应滤波和数字剔除技术的联合能有效地抑制监回路中随机干扰的影响,精确测出导航陀螺的漂移变化率。