Dynamics of breather waves and rogue waves on a soliton background in the coupled Hirota systems

Based on the Darboux-dressing transformation, the new localized wave solutions of the coupled Hirota systems are constructed with a detailed derivation. Furthermore, by using Taylor series expansions for the trigonometric and exponential functions of our obtained exact breather solution, the N-order rogue wave solutions are also expressed explicitly. Besides, the dynamics of these rogue wave solutions are illustrated with some vivid graphics.     

Influence of pH and surface oxygen-containing groups on multiwalled carbon nanotubes on the transformation and adsorption of 1-naphthol

The pH-dependent behavior, including the transformation of 1-naphthol by oxidative polymerization to form precipitates in solution and the adsorption of 1-naphthol onto carbon nanotubes (CNTs), was examined. Neglecting the precipitate loss of 1-naphthol and possibly of similar chemicals may result in the overestimation of their adsorption and inadequate interpretation of the underlying adsorption mechanisms. Surface oxygen-containing groups on CNTs and the dissociated species of these groups can interact with the dissociated and neutral species of 1-naphthol in a way similar to polymerization, thus promoting the adsorption of 1-naphthol onto CNTs. Adsorption onto CNTs may reduce the polymeric precipitates of 1-naphthol in solution by possibly decreasing aqueous 1-naphthol concentrations. These observations and the underlying mechanisms are important for predicting the fate and risks of naphthalene and carbaryl in the environment because 1-naphthol is a primary metabolite of naphthalene and carbaryl. In addition, it is possible to enhance the removal of 1-naphthol and similar chemicals by controlling the pH and designing specific surface functional groups for CNTs.     

InBr3 catalyzed three-component reactions of an aryldiazoacetate,an alcohol,and a carbonyl compound

InBr₃ promoted three-component reactions of an aryldiazoacetate, an alcohol, and an electron deficient carbonyl compound gave α,β-dihydroxyl acid derivatives in good yield with high diastereoselectivity. The reaction is proposed through a protic oxonium ylide trapping process. The reaction mechanism for the formation of the protic oxonium ylide via Lewis acid InBr₃ catalyzed diazo decomposition is suggested through a vinyl cationic intermediate.     

O,O-二乙基-N-[2-(3-乙酰基-2,2-二甲基-环丁基)-乙酰] 硫代磷酰胺合成及杀虫活性研究

α-蒎烯经过氧化、酰氯化制成蒎酮酰氯, 再与二乙基硫代膦酰胺反应, 合成了未见报道的标题化合物7, 经IR, MS, 1H NMR, 13C NMR等对标题化合物的结构进行了表征. 测试了标题化合物对甘蓝薄翅螟的毒力及其对敌百虫的增效作用. 初步生物活性测试结果表明, 标题化合物与敌百虫混合对甘蓝薄翅螟有明显的增效作用, 当标题化合物与敌百虫以3∶7的比例混合其增效作用最显著, 共毒系数(co-toxicity oefficient, CTC)为226.     

小型宽波段凹面全息光栅单色仪的优化设计

随着户外物性分析实验的日渐增多,开发轻小型、便携式,且响应波段范围宽的光谱仪器的需求越来越迫切。根据凹面全息光栅均方根优化理论,设计了一款轻小型宽波段单色仪。该单色仪主要由三块IV型凹面全息光栅和上下两层可旋转的平台组成,三块光栅对称地固定于上层平台上,由一台步进电机带动上层平台旋转实现光栅之间的切换,另一台步进电机带动下层平台旋转实现单块光栅的扫描。三块光栅的响应波长范围分别为400～1000,1000～1700和1700～2500nm,其理论分辨极限分别优于2.5,2.8和4.0nm。并对三块光栅的制作误差和双层平台结构误差进行了分析,结果表明,在能够保证的误差范围内,该单色仪的光谱质量可以较好地满足户外光谱分析的要求。     

A highly sensitive “turn‐on” fluorescent sensor for the detection of human serum proteins based on the size exclusion of the polyacrylamide gel

A highly sensitive “turn‐on” fluorescent sensor based on the size exclusion of the polyacrylamide gel was developed for the on‐gels detection of human serum proteins after PAGE. The possible mechanism of this fluorescence sensor was illustrated and validated by utilizing five kinds of colloidal silver nanoparticles with different particle size distribution and six kinds of polyacrylamide gels with different pore size. It was attributed to that silver nanoparticles (<5 nm in diameter) had been selectively absorbed into the gel and formed the small silver nanoclusters, resulting in the red fluorescence. Using this new technique for the detection of human serum proteins after PAGE, a satisfactory sensitivity was achieved and some relatively low‐abundance proteins (e.g. zinc‐alpha‐2‐glycoprotein), which are the significant proteinic markers of certain diseases can be easily detected, but not with traditional methods. Furthermore, it was also successfully applied to distinguish between serums from hepatoma patient and healthy people. As a new protein detection technique, the colloidal silver nanoparticles based “turn‐on” fluorescent sensor offers a rapid, economic, low background, and sensitive way for direct detection of human serum proteins, showing available potential and significance in the development of nanobiotechnology and proteome research.