Single-bunch emittance dilution in the perfect ILC main linac

In the ILC(International Linear Collider)main linac, low emittance preservation is the most important issue for beam dynamics study. As the main sources of emittance dilution, the dispersive and wakefield effects were studied in this paper. The theoretical calculations and numerical simulations of these two effects on single-bunch emittance dilution, without any misalignment errors, are presented in detail.     

赤铁矿和三羟铝石吸附Cu~(2+)的红外光谱研究

应用红外光谱法,研究了不同pH值和Cu2+浓度条件下,合成赤铁矿和三羟铝石吸附Cu2+后表面羟基结构及其特征吸收峰的变化。结果表明:(1)随Cu2+浓度增加,赤铁矿表面H—O—H和OH的变形振动参与了吸附反应,Cu2+强烈地缔结在Fe—O上,形成了Fe—O—(Cu)结构。(2)酸性条件下,H+破坏了赤铁矿表面的O—H结构,NO3-促使弱峰1 131 cm-1的产生。随pH值增大,赤铁矿表面OH-逐渐由伸缩振动转变为变形振动,Fe—OH和Fe3+—O2-结构不断发生改变。(3)三羟铝石对Cu2+的吸附发生在高波位,随Cu2+浓度增大,其表面游离羟基的O—H弯曲振动、水分子的OH-伸缩振动和H—O—H弯曲振动均参与了吸附反应,Al—O基中的Al3+渐被Cu2+取代从而加强了较低波位的振动强度。(4)随pH值增加,三羟铝石Al—OH的弯曲振动和Al—O的伸缩振动逐渐发生着改变,表明吸附Cu2+后,在其表面形成了AlOCu+与AlOCuOH结构。     

Note on Generalized Quantum Gates and Quantum Operations

Recently, Gudder proved that the set of all generalized quantum gates coincides the set of all contractions in a finite-dimensional Hilbert space (S. Gudder, Int. J. Theor. Phys. 47:268–279, 2008). In this note, we proved that the set of all generalized quantum gates is a proper subset of the set of all contractions on an infinite dimensional separable Hilbert space ℋ. Meanwhile, we proved that the quantum operation deduced by an isometry is an extreme point of the set of all quantum operations on ℋ. This subject is supported by NSF of China (10571113).     

Surface-enhanced resonant Raman spectroscopy (SERRS) of single-walled carbon nanotubes absorbed on the Ag-coated anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) surface

In this paper, we developed a new kind of substrate, the silver-coated anodic aluminum oxide (AAO), to investigate the characters of surface-enhanced resonant Raman scattering (SERRS) of the dilute single-walled carbon nanotubes. Homogeneous Ag-coated AAO substrate was obtained by decomposing the AgNO₃ on the surface of AAO. single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs) were directly grown onto this substrate through floating catalyst chemical vapor deposition method (CVD). SERRS of SWNTs was carried out using several different wavelength lasers. The bands coming from metallic SWNTs were significantly enhanced. The two SERRS mechanisms, the “electromagnetic” and “chemical” mechanism, were mainly responsible for the experiment results.     

Structural study of 12 MeV electron irradiated polypropylene by X-ray diffraction

12 MeV electron beams with different doses of 4, 8, 16 and 32 Mrad from LINAC designed by Nanjing University have been used to irradiate polypropylene films and their structures studied by X-ray diffraction afterwards. We have found that the electron irradiation does not change the total crystallinity of polypropylene but greatly inflences its crystal structure with increase of phase and decrease of phase as irradiation dose increases (within 16 Mrad). However, it is unexpected that the structure of irradiated sample with 32 Mrad are similar to that of the control sample. This behavior has also been observed in positron annihilation lifetime measurements.     

Mössbauer study of a novel series of ternary rare-earth iron-rich intermetallics: ND(Fe1-xTi x )6+y(x ∼ 0.1 and 0≤y≤5)

A study of the Nd-Fe-Ti phases at the Fe-rich end of the phase diagram has been carried out using⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDAX). In particular,⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer spectroscopy has been used to characterize the phases present in these samples. In addition to the two well-known 217 and 112 phases, twonovel phases have been identified, with compositions denoted by3–29 and9–94, which are closely linked to the orthorhombic ScFe₆Ga₆-type and the hexagonal TbCu₇-type structures, respectively. The possible crystal structures of these new phases will be discussed in terms of the dumbbell substitution sequence in the CaCu₅ structure.     

一种生成对称群S9所有Sylow-p子群的算法

根据对称群的基本性质以及第二同构定理，给出了通过添加生成元到P群来构造对称群的一个Sylow-p子群的定理，添加的生成元保证能够快速得到对称群的一个Sylow—p子群．根据第二西洛定理求出了所有共轭子群，即所有Sylow-p子群．针对求所有共轭子群过程中面临共轭子群出现重复的问题，利用正规化子的性质，找到使得两个Sylow-p子群共轭的元，保证每次求的Sylow-P子群不重复．将此算法应用于S1，实验表明该算法可操作性强，耗费时间少．     

EFFECT OF CRYSTALLIZATION TEMPERATURE ON MCM-41 SYNTHESIS

在Ｎａ２ＯＳｉＯ２ＣＴＡＢＨ２Ｏ四元水热体系中系统地考察了晶化温度对中孔ＭＣＭ４１分子筛合成及其骨架结构的影响。实验结果表明，提高晶化温度虽然能明显加快晶化速率，缩短晶化时间，但同时样品的结晶度和中孔骨架结构的有序度却被迅速破坏。这些特点与传统沸石的合成过程完全不同，其原因主要是合成ＭＣＭ４ｌ时所用的模板剂及其在合成中所起的模板作用与传统沸石完全不同。相对低的晶化温度（如１００℃）有利于高质量和高热稳定性的中孔ＭＣＭ４ｌ分子筛的合成。     

Mn掺杂LiFePO4的第一性原理研究

采用基于密度泛函理论的第一性原理方法, 计算了不同Mn掺杂浓度LiFe_1-xMn_xPO₄ (x=0,0.25,0.50,0.75) 的电子结构. 同时采用流变相辅助高温固相碳热还原法制备了LiFe_1-xMn_xPO₄ (x= 0,0.25,0.50,0.75) 材料. 理论计算表明: LiFePO₄具有E_g = 0.725 eV的带隙宽度, 为半导体材料. 通过Fe位掺杂25%的Mn离子可最大程度地 减小材料带隙宽度、降低Fe---O键及Li---O键键能, 进而提高材料的电子电导率及锂离子扩散速率. 实验结果亦表明, 当Mn掺杂量x=0.25时, 材料具有最优的电化学性能, 其具有约为158 mAh· g^-1的放电比容量以及551 Wh· kg^-1的能量密度. 理论计算与实验结果非常符合.     

玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中非线性相互作用对量子共振棘流的影响

研究了玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中非线性相互作用对量子共振棘流的影响．满足量子共振条件的周期驱动使得波包在动量空间出现弹道扩散,当波包扩散具有特定方向时,系统就出现定向的动量流．弱非线性相互作用下的冷原子分成两簇,它们分别受到方向相反的稳定周期驱动力,以各自恒定的加速度沿相反方向运动．波包在动量空间的扩散表现为两个稳定的沿相反方向运动的峰．非线性相互作用的增强使得正方向运动的冷原子减少,负方向运动的冷原子增加,从而系统的动量流减弱甚至反转．当非线性相互作用足够强时,动量空间中的波包只有一个稳定的峰,且峰值对应的动量不随时间变化．此时冷原子受的周期驱动力为零,定向的动量流消失．