基于光束填充的多单管半导体激光器光纤耦合

为了进一步提高多单管半导体激光器的输出功率,通过对常见的阶梯型多单管半导体阵列进行分析,提出在光斑尺寸较小的慢轴方向对光束进行填充,在同样的耦合条件下,使更多的激光能量耦合进光纤中,实现更高功率的输出。文中使用光参数积作为评价光束质量的指标,论证了慢轴光束填充的可行性,利用ZEMAX仿真软件对8路常见阶梯型多单管半导体阵列和12路填充阵列进行对比仿真,在不影响耦合效率的前提下,实现了将12路波长为860 nm、输出功率3 W的单管半导体激光器耦合进芯径105 μm、数值孔径0.22的光纤中,光纤输出功率为33.4 W,光纤耦合效率为92.78%。仿真结果表明,对慢轴方向进行光束填充可以在一定程度上提高多单管半导体激光的功率输出。     

Solvothermal synthesis and characterization of a series of lanthanide thiostannates(IV): the first examples of inorganic-organic hybrid cationic lanthanide thiostannates(IV)

A series of new lanthanide thiostannates(IV), [Y(2)(dien)(4)(μ-OH)(2)]Sn(2)S(6) (1, dien = diethyl-enetriamine), (tetaH)(2)[Ln(2)(teta)(2)(tren)(2)(μ-Sn(2)S(6))]Sn(2)S(6) [Ln = Eu (2), Sm (3); teta = triethylenetetramine; tren = tris(2-aminoethyl)amine] and [Eu(2)(tepa)(2)(μ-OH)(2)(μ-Sn(2)S(6))](tepa)(0.5)·H(2)O (4, tepa = tetraethylene-pentamine) were solvothermally synthesized and structurally characterized. 1 consists of a binuclear [Y(2)(dien)(4)(μ(2)-OH)(2)](4+) cation and a discrete dimeric [Sn(2)S(6)](4-) anion. Both 2 and 3 are isostructural and composed of [Ln(2)(teta)(2)(tren)(2)(μ-Sn(2)S(6))](2+) cations, protonated triethylenetetramines (tetaH), and discrete dimeric [Sn(2)S(6)](4-) anions. A Sn(2)S(6)(4-) anion bridges two [Ln(teta)(tren)](3+) cations via the trans-S(t) (t = terminal) atoms to form the first examples of inorganic-organic hybrid thiostannate cations [Ln(2)(teta)(2)(tren)(2)(μ-Sn(2)S(6))](2+). 4 consists of one-dimensional (1-D) neutral chains [Eu(2)(tepa)(2)(μ-OH)(2)(μ-Sn(2)S(6))](n) built up from the linkage of dinuclear complex cations [Eu(2)(tepa)(2)(μ(2)-OH)(2)](4+) and bridging anions [Sn(2)S(6)](4-), free tepa molecules, and lattice water molecules. The present compounds exhibit wide-band gap semiconducting properties with absorption band edges between 2.40 and 2.91 eV.     

D406螯合树脂对硫酸锌溶液中氟的吸附和解吸性能及动力学研究

研究了D406螯合树脂对硫酸锌溶液中氟的吸附和解吸性能,考察了影响氟吸附和解吸的因素以及该树脂吸附和解吸氟的动力学参数。结果表明,在25℃、pH=2、硫酸锌浓度为1.50mol/L、氟离子浓度为200mg/L条件下,D406螯合树脂对氟的吸附量为5.55mg/g。D406螯合树脂对氟的吸附符合Freundlich吸附模型。吸附和解吸的动力学符合Boyd液膜扩散方程,吸附反应活化能Ea=12.14kJ/mol,解吸反应活化能Ea=19.54kJ/mol。     

稀土掺杂NaLuF4超薄纳米片的上转换发光特性研究

基体材料的特性和敏化离子对于稀土发光离子的发光特性有显著影响。通过在高效上转换基体材料NaLuF4掺杂Nd3+和Yb3+两种离子共同敏化发光离子Er3+,采用水热法合成了Nd3+,Yb3+,Er3+三种稀土离子掺杂的NaLuF4超薄六角纳米片,利用透射电镜、X射线衍射确定了其形貌和晶体结构。在980 nm红外光激发下测试了其上转换发光特征、荧光衰减、总体发光强度。荧光光谱表明未掺杂Nd3+离子的样品,随着Yb3+敏化离子浓度的增加(2%~12%(摩尔分数)),中心波长为539 nm的绿光强度相对于中心波长为654 nm的红光单调减弱;掺杂3%Nd3+的绿光发射强度随Yb3+离子增加先增强,后减弱。结合简化能级图分析了上转换发光过程与机制。     

应力对退火态Sm-Fe-BGMF磁学性能的影响

利用离子束溅射(IBSD)法,在盖玻片衬底上制备Sm-Fe-B超磁致伸缩薄膜(GMF)样品;并在退火过程中对其施加预应力,研究应力对退火态Sm-Fe-B薄膜磁畴结构、软磁性能及磁致伸缩性能的影响并分析其差异产生的原因。结果表明:退火过程中施加预应力能使薄膜磁畴结构发生显著变化,通过改善退火态薄膜的微结构与应力状态,能有效提高薄膜的软磁性能与磁致伸缩性能;与自由退火态样品比较,应力退火态样品具有较明显的垂直各向异性,虽然在低场磁敏性方面略有降低,但是在饱和磁致伸缩性能方面有较大提高。     

高效液相色谱测定牛奶中邻苯二甲酸酯的方法研究

建立了针对欧盟指令2007/19/EC中禁止与食品接触的6种邻苯二甲酸酯(BBP、DBP、DEHP、DNOP、DINP和DIDP)的RP-HPLC测定方法.样品用甲醇、正己烷.甲基叔丁基醚(ⅥV=1:1)提取,经冷冻去脂、液液萃取和硅胶固相萃取净化后,用ODS柱(250×4.6mm,5μm)分离,UV 224 nm检测.结果表明,BBP和DBP在0.05～80μg/mL、DEHP和DNOP在0.1～80μg/mL、DINP和DIDP在0.5～80μg/mL的质量浓度范围内,峰面积与质量浓度呈线性关系,相关系数(r2)均大于0.998.方法检测限分别为:BBP 0.15μg/g、DBP 0.1μg/g、DEHP和DNOP 0.2μg/g、DINP和DIDP 0.6μg/g;6种PAEs的添加量在最大残留限量值的0.2、1和2倍时,其平均回收率为80.7%～102.3%,相对标准偏差为1.7%～9.0%.所建立的方法经济、准确、可靠,满足欧盟指令中6种邻苯二甲酸酯限量的检测要求.     

Salt‐Induced Fabrication of Superhydrophilic and Underwater Superoleophobic PAA‐g‐PVDF Membranes for Effective Separation of Oil‐in‐Water Emulsions

Conventional polymer membranes suffer from low flux and serious fouling when used for treating emulsified oil/water mixtures. Reported herein is the fabrication of a novel superhydrophilic and underwater superoleophobic poly(acrylic acid)‐grafted PVDF filtration membrane using a salt‐induced phase‐inversion approach. A hierarchical micro/nanoscale structure is constructed on the membrane surface and endows it with a superhydrophilic/underwater superoleophobic property. The membrane separates both surfactant‐free and surfactant‐stabilized oil‐in‐water emulsions under either a small applied pressure (<0.3 bar) or gravity, with high separation efficiency and high flux, which is one to two orders of magnitude higher than those of commercial filtration membranes having a similar permeation property. The membrane exhibits an excellent antifouling property and is easily recycled for long‐term use. The outstanding performance of the membrane and the efficient, energy and cost‐effective preparation process highlight its potential for practical applications.     

化学标准物质期间核查方法

从认可实验室管理的角度,阐述了化学标准物质期间核查的目的和意义。化学标准物质常见期间核查方法有实验室比对或能力验证、标准物质间比对、控制图法、允差法及标定法。结合实例介绍了化学标准物质期间核查的具体过程,为开展化学标准物质期间核查工作提供参考。     

Multiplexed quantification of nucleic acids with large dynamic range using multivolume digital RT-PCR on a rotational SlipChip tested with HIV and hepatitis C viral load

In this paper, we are working toward a problem of great importance to global health: determination of viral HIV and hepatitis C (HCV) loads under point-of-care and resource limited settings. While antiretroviral treatments are becoming widely available, viral load must be evaluated at regular intervals to prevent the spread of drug resistance and requires a quantitative measurement of RNA concentration over a wide dynamic range (from 50 up to 10(6) molecules/mL for HIV and up to 10(8) molecules/mL for HCV). "Digital" single molecule measurements are attractive for quantification, but the dynamic range of such systems is typically limited or requires excessive numbers of compartments. Here we designed and tested two microfluidic rotational SlipChips to perform multivolume digital RT-PCR (MV digital RT-PCR) experiments with large and tunable dynamic range. These designs were characterized using synthetic control RNA and validated with HIV viral RNA and HCV control viral RNA. The first design contained 160 wells of each of four volumes (125 nL, 25 nL, 5 nL, and 1 nL) to achieve a dynamic range of 5.2 × 10(2) to 4.0 × 10(6) molecules/mL at 3-fold resolution. The second design tested the flexibility of this approach, and further expanded it to allow for multiplexing while maintaining a large dynamic range by adding additional wells with volumes of 0.2 nL and 625 nL and dividing the SlipChip into five regions to analyze five samples each at a dynamic range of 1.8 × 10(3) to 1.2 × 10(7) molecules/mL at 3-fold resolution. No evidence of cross-contamination was observed. The multiplexed SlipChip can be used to analyze a single sample at a dynamic range of 1.7 × 10(2) to 2.0 × 10(7) molecules/mL at 3-fold resolution with limit of detection of 40 molecules/mL. HIV viral RNA purified from clinical samples were tested on the SlipChip, and viral load results were self-consistent and in good agreement with results determined using the Roche COBAS AmpliPrep/COBAS TaqMan HIV-1 Test. With further validation, this SlipChip should become useful to precisely quantify viral HIV and HCV RNA for high-performance diagnostics in resource-limited settings. These microfluidic designs should also be valuable for other diagnostic and research applications, including detecting rare cells and rare mutations, prenatal diagnostics, monitoring residual disease, and quantifying copy number variation and gene expression patterns. The theory for the design and analysis of multivolume digital PCR experiments is presented in other work by Kreutz et al.     

Doping metal-organic frameworks for water oxidation, carbon dioxide reduction, and organic photocatalysis

Catalytically competent Ir, Re, and Ru complexes H(2)L(1)-H(2)L(6) with dicarboxylic acid functionalities were incorporated into a highly stable and porous Zr(6)O(4)(OH)(4)(bpdc)(6) (UiO-67, bpdc = para-biphenyldicarboxylic acid) framework using a mix-and-match synthetic strategy. The matching ligand lengths between bpdc and L(1)-L(6) ligands allowed the construction of highly crystalline UiO-67 frameworks (metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) 1-6) that were doped with L(1)-L(6) ligands. MOFs 1-6 were isostructural to the parent UiO-67 framework as shown by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and exhibited high surface areas ranging from 1092 to 1497 m(2)/g. MOFs 1-6 were stable in air up to 400 °C and active catalysts in a range of reactions that are relevant to solar energy utilization. MOFs 1-3 containing [Cp*Ir(III)(dcppy)Cl] (H(2)L(1)), [Cp*Ir(III)(dcbpy)Cl]Cl (H(2)L(2)), and [Ir(III)(dcppy)(2)(H(2)O)(2)]OTf (H(2)L(3)) (where Cp* is pentamethylcyclopentadienyl, dcppy is 2-phenylpyridine-5,4'-dicarboxylic acid, and dcbpy is 2,2'-bipyridine-5,5'-dicarboxylic acid) were effective water oxidation catalysts (WOCs), with turnover frequencies (TOFs) of up to 4.8 h(-1). The [Re(I)(CO)(3)(dcbpy)Cl] (H(2)L(4)) derivatized MOF 4 served as an active catalyst for photocatalytic CO(2) reduction with a total turnover number (TON) of 10.9, three times higher than that of the homogeneous complex H(2)L(4). MOFs 5 and 6 contained phosphorescent [Ir(III)(ppy)(2)(dcbpy)]Cl (H(2)L(5)) and [Ru(II)(bpy)(2)(dcbpy)]Cl(2) (H(2)L(6)) (where ppy is 2-phenylpyridine and bpy is 2,2'-bipyridine) and were used in three photocatalytic organic transformations (aza-Henry reaction, aerobic amine coupling, and aerobic oxidation of thioanisole) with very high activities. The inactivity of the parent UiO-67 framework and the reaction supernatants in catalytic water oxidation, CO(2) reduction, and organic transformations indicate both the molecular origin and heterogeneous nature of these catalytic processes. The stability of the doped UiO-67 catalysts under catalytic conditions was also demonstrated by comparing PXRD patterns before and after catalysis. This work illustrates the potential of combining molecular catalysts and MOF structures in developing highly active heterogeneous catalysts for solar energy utilization.