Polyethylene-supported poly(methyl methacrylate<Emphasis Type="Italic">-co-</Emphasis>butyl acrylate)-based novel gel polymer electrolyte for lithium ion battery

A new copolymer, poly(methyl methacrylate-co-butyl acrylate) (P(MMA-co-BA)), was synthesized by emulsion polymerization with different mass ratio of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and butyl acrylate (BA). The membranes were prepared by phase inversion and corresponding gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) were obtained by immersing the membrane into a liquid electrolyte. In this design, the hard monomer MMA provided the copolymer with good electrolyte uptake, while the soft monomer BA provided the GPE with strong adhesion between the anode and cathode of lithium ion battery. The properties of the resulting product were investigated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, scanning electron spectroscopy, linear sweep voltammetry, thermogravimetric analysis, cyclic voltammetry, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and charge/discharge test. The results show that the obtained GPE based on P(MMA-co-BA) with the mass ratios of MMA and BA = 6:1 exhibits good conductivity (as high as 1.2 × 10^?3 S cm^?1) at room temperature and high electrochemical stability (up to 4.9 V vs. Li/Li⁺). With the application of the polyethylene (PE)-supported GPE in Li/Li(Li_0.13Ni_0.30Mn_0.57)O₂ battery, the battery presents good cyclic stability (maintaining 95.4 % of its initial discharge capacity after 50 cycles) at room temperature.     

Photocatalytic degradation of methyl orange on arrayed porous iron-doped anatase TiO2

Arrayed porous iron-doped TiO₂ was prepared by sol–gel with polystyrene spheres as template and used as photocatalyst for the degradation of methyl orange. The structure and performances of the prepared photocatalyst were characterized with X-ray diffractometer, inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer, scanning electron microscope, UV-visible spectrometer, and methyl orange degradation tests. It is found that the iron dopant does not change the crystal phase of TiO₂ but affects its lattice constant, optical absorption, electronic conductivity, charge-transfer resistance, and activity toward the degradation of methyl orange. The sample doped with 0.01 wt.% Fe (based on Ti) and with smaller pore size exhibits the better photocatalytic activity. The degradation rate of methyl orange on the sample with a pore size of 190 nm is 2.3 times that on the undoped sample with the same pore size.     

A Spectral Method for Second Order Volterra Integro-Differential Equation with Pantograph Delay

In this paper, a Legendre-collocation spectral method is developed for the second order Volterra integro-differential equation with pantograph delay. We provide a rigorous error analysis for the proposed method. The spectral rate of convergence for the proposed method is established in both $L^2$-norm and $L^∞$-norm.     

5β,3α-羟基-7-羰基-胆烷酸的还原反应

鹅去氧胆酸(2)经氧化得到5β,3α-羟基-7-羰基-胆烷酸(3),3的还原反应是制备熊去氧胆酸(1)的关键步骤。本文报道用碱金属和几种金属硼氢化物对3进行还原的结果。同时对两类不同还原剂的反应机理作了讨论。     

Facile Construction of Bio-Based Supramolecular Hydrogels from Dehydroabietic Acid with a Tricyclic Hydrophenanthrene Skeleton and Stabilized Gel Emulsions

Supramolecular hydrogels have attracted great attention due to their special properties. In this research, bio-based supramolecular hydrogels were conveniently constructed by heating and ultrasounding two components of dehydroabietic acid with a rigid tricyclic hydrophenanthrene skeleton and morpholine. The microstructures and properties of hydrogels were investigated by DSC, rheology, SAXS, CD spectroscopy, and cryo-TEM, respectively. The critical gel concentration (CGC) of the hydrogel was 0.3 mol·L⁻¹ and the gel temperature was 115 °C. In addition, the hydrogel showed good stability and mechanical properties according to rheology results. Cryo-TEM images reveal that the microstructure of hydrogel is fibrous meshes; its corresponding mechanism has been studied using FT-IR spectra. Additionally, oil-in-water gel emulsions were prepared by the hydrogel at a concentration above its CGC, and the oil mass fraction of the oil-in-water gel emulsions could be freely adjusted between 5% and 70%. This work provides a convenient way to prepare bio-based supramolecular hydrogels and provides a new method for the application of rosin.     

Preparation and performance of porous titania with a trimodal pore system as anode of lithium ion battery

A porous titania has been prepared by using polystyrene spheres and tri-block copolymer ((EO)₂₀–(PO)₇₀–(EO)₂₀, P123) as templates, and its structure, composition, and performance as anode of lithium ion battery are characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction, and galvanostatic charge/discharge test. The results from SEM and TEM indicate that the prepared porous titania has a trimodal pore system, in which the pores are in ordered arrangement and interconnected with the same pore diameter and uniform wall thickness. The charge/discharge tests show that the battery using the prepared porous titania as anode exhibits good rate capacity and cycle stability.     

A new synthesis of A-nor△3(5), 9 (10) -estradiene-2,17-dione

A-nor-△³⁽⁵⁾’⁹⁽¹⁰⁾-estradiene-2, 17-dione 1, a potential precursor for synthesis of some new steroidal contraceptlves, was synthesized from 3Phydroxy-5a-chloro-6ß, 19-epoxy-androstane-17-one 6 as the starting rnateri-al, which is the key intermediate of steroidal contraceptive of norethindrone, in an overall yield of 25 % in 5 steps through the sequence of 5 reactions: (i) oxidative decyclization. (ii) decarboxylative cyclization, (iii) reductive decy-clization, (iv) dehydroxy methylation, (v) deacetoxylation.     

18-甲基腺甾烯酮一类物的酶催化羟化

18-甲基-11α-羟基腺甾-4-烯-3,17-双酮是合成高效口服避孕药的重要中间体。试用黑根霉酶羟化引进11α-羟基于18-甲基-19-失碳雌甾-4-烯-3,17-双酮,得到包括该化合物在内的几种不同位置羟基产物的混合物。改用赭曲霉酶羟化同一底物也得到包括11α-羟基在内的几种不同位置羟基产物的混合物。而用赭曲霉催化羟化18-甲基-17β-羟基腺甾-4-烯-3-酮时,首次得到15α-羟化的主要产物和7β羟化的次要产物。前者可用来合成另一类高效口服避孕药△^15-D-18-甲基炔诺酮。     

基于超声波微驱动的摩擦改性

提出了一种超声波微驱动摩擦改性的思想。通过激励超声波马达振子的两个对称的夹心式换能器前端头作旋转方向相反的椭圆运动,使摩擦副处于超声波动力润滑状态,同时控制两个夹心式换能器振幅,实现在低速运动时对摩擦力的主动控制达到减小摩擦力的目的。利用气浮导轨、力传感器、低速电机建立了摩擦力模糊控制系统。初步的实验表明,摩擦力大大减小,当振子和负载总质量为3.8kg,电机拖动速度0.5mm/s时,摩擦系数达到0.0053。