Mechanical Reinforcement and Piezoelectric Properties of PZT Ceramics Embedded with Nano-Crystalline

The double-scale lead zirconate titanate （PZT） piezoelectric ceramics were prepared by the solid state processing with PZT nano-crystalline and micro-powder. The microstructures, electrical and mechanical properties of the double-scale PZT are investigated. All the sintered ceramics exhibit a single perovskite structure and the grain size of the dou ble-scale PZT reduces due to the incorporation of PZT nano-crystalline. Compared to normal PZT, the mechanical properties increase significantly and the piezoelectric properties decrease slightly. Mechanisms responsible for the reinforcement of the double-scale PZT are discussed.     

聚对苯乙炔的能带结构和关联能计算

在考虑电子-电子相互作用情况下,对基态非简并聚合物聚对苯乙炔(PPV)的长程关联能进行了理论计算,并用长程关联能对带隙进行修正,最后讨论了长程关联能对带隙的影响.在对PPV链的计算中发现,长程关联能先会随着链长N的增加而减小,但当链长大于10个PPV单元后,长程关联能会达到饱和.与由Hartree-Fock(HF)方法所得的能隙宽度比.长程关联能的修正会使得能隙降低,这种修正后的能隙宽度与实验结果一致.     

Formation of Hot Images in Laser Beams through a Self-defocusing Kerr Medium Slab

A nonlinear hot image is usually thought as of a special case of self-focusing, and thus occurs when a laser beam propagates through a slab of self-focusing medium. Here we show theoretically that a hot image may also be formed by a thin slab of self-defocusing medium. The physical origin for this hot image formation is akin to the in-line volume-phase holographic imaging due to the intensity-dependent refractive-index modulation of the self- defocusing medium. NumericM simulations confirm the theoretical prediction and further identify the dependence of the hot image on the beam power, the modulation depth of obscuration and the thickness of self-defocusing medium. The analysis presented here brings new insight into the physics of hot image formation in the high power laser system.     

冲击压缩下甲烷-空气混合气体状态参数实验研究

 为研究强冲击状态下混入少量空气的甲烷气体的冲击状态参数,利用二级轻气炮加载技术,使加速到5 km/s的钨合金飞片撞击封装有常态下空气混入量依次为零（纯甲烷气体）、1%、5%、10%的甲烷-空气混合气体铝靶。采用六通道瞬态光学高温计记录冲击压缩气体的光辐射历程曲线,得到了相同初始条件下4种不同比例混合气体的冲击状态参数。结果表明,在强冲击压缩下,混合气体的冲击温度随着空气混入比例的增大而增高,冲击波后混合气体存在非平衡辐射过程。采用Saha电离平衡方程,对空气混入量为10%的混合气体的电离度进行了估算。结果表明,常态下空气含量C_air≤10%的甲烷 空气混合气体具有电探针保护能力。     

All-Solid-State Nd:YAG Laser Operating at 1064nm and 1319nm under 885nm Thermally Boosted Pumping

We report a high-effciency Nd：YAG laser operating at 1064 nm and 1319nm, respectively, thermally boosted pumped by an all-solid-state Q-switched Ti：sapphire laser at 885 nm. The maximum outputs of 825.4 m W and 459.4mW, at 1064nm and 1319nm respectively, are obtained in a 8-ram-thick 1.1 at.% Nd：YAG crystal with 2.1 W of incident pump power at 885nm, leading to a high slope efficiency with respect to the absorbed pump power of 68.5% and 42.0%. Comparative results obtained by the traditional pumping at 808nm are presented, showing that the slope efficiency and the threshold with respect to the absorbed pump power at 1064nm under the 885nm pumping are 12.2% higher and 7.3% lower than those of 808rim pumping. At 1319nm, the slope efficiency and the threshold with respect to the absorbed pump power under 885nm pumping are 9.9% higher and 3.5% lower than those of 808 nm pumping. The heat generation operating at 1064 nm and 1319 nm is reduced by 19.8% and 11.1%, respectively.     

ICP-MS测定章松八味沉香散中的微量元素

采用电感耦合等离子体-质谱法（ICP-MS）分析藏药章松八味沉香散中铬、钴、铜、锰、锌、钼、铁、镍等8种微量元素的含量,其中铁、铜、镍、锰含量较高,其他元素含量较低,藏药章松八味沉香散中元素的分布特点与章松八味沉香散具有消心热、宁心安神、行气降压之功效有关,为现代用药提供了参考数据。     

“神龙一号”注入器研制

“神龙一号”注入器是直线感应加速器的束流源，它采用了感应叠加的高压加载方式，包括脉冲功率系统、感应腔、阴阳极杆、绝缘支撑、二极管和束流传输系统等子系统. 在研制中采用了径向绝缘支撑、对中支撑调节系统、类Pierce阴极等先进技术，以及二极管线圈内置和外径为800mm的铁氧体大环等创新. 参数测试显示，3.5MeV注入器达到了世界先进水平.     

双目遥感凝视系统中运动小目标的快速自动检测

从双目遥感凝视系统的视场重叠区进入系统的信息量大于通过非重叠区的信息量,根据这一特征建立了一种新的运动小目标双目并行快速实时自动检测算法。首先采用差分向量无穷范数算法对原始图像序列做预处理,去掉大量低频噪音和背景,然后采用光流场法对运动小目标进行分割,最后用所提出的空间时间并行快速判定算法对分割的可疑运动小目标进行判定。实验结果表明:由于识别判定算法的空间时间是并行处理的,所以识别判定的平均速度比单目视觉系统提高了50%;在图像信噪比不小于5dB的情况下,准确判定识别的概率为97%。     

基于LED的便携式近红外整粒小麦成分测量仪的研制

采用最新集成芯片和软件设计 ,研制出以近红外LED为光源的整粒小麦成分快速分析的仪器 ,为小麦成分的现场检测提供了一个经济、快捷的便携式设备。该测量仪由近红外LED光源、窄带干涉滤光片、菲涅尔透镜、硅光电池检测器、单片机系统及校准模型等组成。与其他近红外仪器相比 ,该测量仪具有体积小、结构简单、低功耗、抗震动等特点。同时介绍了该测量仪的硬件设计 ,软件设计 ,对小麦蛋白质的建模和预测应用实例等。该测量仪可在粮库甚至田间现场对整粒小麦成分进行无损检测     

利用傅里叶变换红外光谱法鉴定小麦品种

利用傅里叶变换红外(FTIR)光谱法分析了8个不同小麦品种根部的红外光谱图,对红外光谱图的吸收峰进行了归属分析,通过对各谱图的比对发现,在相同波数范围内,不同的小麦品种其红外谱图的形状、波数及吸收峰的多少有所不同。结果表明不同小麦品种的红外光谱图有明显的差异,其一在2800～2980cm-1波数范围内,此区反映的主要是甲基、亚甲基的伸缩振动,化合物分子链的长短、分子量的大小在此区有显现;其二差别较大的区域在1510～1730cm-1范围内,它反映的主要是酰胺的氮原子及α碳原子取代基的性质,可能是源于基因的差异,此区域内谱图差异较大。因此FTIR光谱法可用于不同小麦品种的鉴别。