浅谈如何合理性选配和组建物理实验仪器系统

介绍了浙江大学物理实验中心合理性选配和组建物理实验仪器系统的方法和经验,并以光学实验室为例展开探讨.     

Influence ofΛ Hyperons 1S0 Superfluidity on the Direct Urca Processes with Hyperons

In the framework of the relativistic mean field theory (RMFT), the relativistic energy losses of the direct Urca processes withhyperons (Y-DURCA) for reactionsΛ→p + e +\bar{\nu}_{e} andΞ^- →Λ + e +ν_e arestudied in neutron stars. We calculate the energy gap ofΛ hyperons and investigate the effects of the ¹S₀superfluidity (SF) ofΛ hyperons on the Y-DURCA processes. The calculated results are in line with the recent experimental data\Delta B_ΛΛ∽1.01±0.20^+0.18_-0.11 MeV.The results indicate that the ¹S₀ SF ofΛ hyperons exists in most density ranges of happening the two reactions. The
theoretical cooling curves are in agreement with observation data.     

Entanglement of Two Atoms Induced by a Fock State of Radiation Field

Considering the intrinsic decoherence proposed by Milburn, we investigate the entanglement between two two-level atoms induced by a Fock state of single-mode quantized radiation field. The time-dependent reduced density matrix of the atoms system is given explicitly. Due to the intrinsic decoherence, the atoms system will approach a stationary state, where the stationary entanglement depends on the initial states of the field and the atoms.     

Effective-Field Theory on High Spin Systems with Biaxial Crystal Field

Based on the effective-field theory with self-spin correlations and the differential operator technique,physical properties of the spin-2 system with biaxial crystal field on the simple cubic, body-centered cubic, as well as faced-centered lattice have been studied. The influences of the external longitudinal magnetic field on the magnetization,internal energy, specific heat, and susceptibility have been discussed in detail. The phenomenon that the magnetization in the ground state shows quantum effects produced by the biaxial transverse crystal field has been found.     

辐照电子在光纤芯处能量沉积的计算

为了用尽可能低的辐照电子能量在光纤芯处形成大的性质改变,模拟了0.1～1 MeV能量的电子辐照二氧化硅.发现每一特定能量的电子辐照二氧化硅时,在其中有个能量沉积最快的位置.计算得到0.447 4 MeV能量的电子在单模光纤中心能量沉积最快,分析发现对于这个能量的电子多数可以穿透到光纤芯处,电子能量在光纤芯处的沉积主要是由于电子能量的减小造成的.这些结果可为用电子辐照光纤制作光器件时的初始电子能量选择提供参考.     

基于可见光-近红外光谱的BIF磁性率确定方法研究

铁矿中磁性率是评价铁矿床工业价值和划分矿石工业类型的重要指标。传统的磁性率测定法存在工作量大、效率低、周期长的缺陷,成为经济、合理、高效开采铁矿资源的瓶颈问题。采用便携式地物光谱测试仪对辽宁省鞍钢集团鞍千矿业有限责任公司的BIF实验样品进行可见光-近红外光谱测试,分析了光谱特征,构建了比值指数(RI)、差值指数(DI)和归一化指数(NDI),并确定光谱指数与样品磁性率相关性最显著的敏感波段及对应的相关系数值;优选出与样品磁性率相关性最显著的比值指数(RI),构建实验样品磁性率的定量反演模型,并进行了验证。结果表明,三种光谱指数与样品磁性率敏感波段均位于935与1 050 nm,且该波段处的相关系数均达到0.9以上,其中比值指数与样品磁性率的相关性最高;基于比值指数构建的实验样品磁性率定量反演模型的预测误差为0.038,反演磁性率与实测磁性率的判定系数(R2)为0.964 5,预测结果比较理想。为确定BIF的磁性率提供了一种新方法,该方法具有工作强度小、经济、高效、便捷的优点,且对遥感找矿具有一定指导意义。     

拉曼光谱在文物考古领域的应用态势分析

对截止2015年3月拉曼光谱在文物考古领域应用的文献进行了梳理,分析了国内外拉曼光谱在文物考古领域的应用态势。从SCI/SSCI期刊库及中国知网期刊库及特刊库,检索了涉及拉曼光谱在文物考古领域应用的英文文献992篇,中文文献160篇。采用文献计量学的方法,分析了文章发表的年代分布、期刊分布、研究机构分布以及研究机构之间的合作关系、文章被引频次等状况;比较了国家地区之间研究实力的差异,国内外研究水平的差距。结果表明,进入21世纪以来,国内外拉曼光谱在文物博物馆领域的应用均显著增加,但国内与国外在文章发表数量、被引频次等指标上均尚存在一定差距。文献分析的结果同时也表明,在该领域存在着机构间、国家间等不同层面的广泛合作。以上结果可以为今后国内文物博物馆领域提高拉曼光谱的应用水平提供参考。     

协变密度泛函理论中的张量力效应

张量力是核子-核子相互作用的重要成分,被认为是理解奇特原子核中壳结构演化规律的关键要素。然而,目前对于核介质中的张量力及其效应的定量认识,仍存在很多亟待解决的关键问题。着重梳理了在原子核密度泛函理论框架下,研究有效相互作用中的张量力成分以及相应的张量力效应的相关工作,重点包括:基于相对论Hartree-Fock理论,以同位素链中的质子幻数壳演化为例,定量提取与分析其中的张量力效应;以及基于第一性原理的相对论Brueckner-Hartree-Fock理论,以中子滴单粒子能谱中的自旋-轨道劈裂演化为例,提出与张量力效应相关联的"准实验数据"。最后,展望原子核密度泛函理论今后可能的发展策略。Tensor force is one of the most important components of the nucleon-nucleon interaction. It plays a critical role in understanding the shell evolution in exotic nuclei. However, there are still several puzzles concerning the tensor force and its effects in the nuclear medium. In this paper, we mainly focus on the studies of tensor force in the effective interactions and its effects in finite nuclear systems within the scheme of nuclear density functional theory. In particular, we highlight the recent developments, including the quantitative analysis of tensor effects in the relativistic Hartree-Fock theory by taking the evolution of proton magic shells in the isotopic chains as an example, and the "meta-data" of tensor effects provided by the ab initio relativistic Brueckner-Hartree-Fock theory by taking the evolution of spin-orbit splitting in the single-particle spectra of neutron drops as an example. Perspectives are focused on the possible strategies for the future developments of nuclear density functional theory.     

量子点单光子源及其制备方法研究进展

本文概述了量子保密通讯中面临的三大关键技术。并对关键技术之一的单光子源技术进行了重点介绍，如量子点作为单光子源的研究概况，单光子发射的实现、激子跃迁、双激子跃迁引起的聚束和反聚束效应和光子相关测量等。并介绍了国际上制备半导体自组装量子点在形貌、发光谱、极化以及近场光学用于量子点极化和激子发射等研究方面所取得的进展。     

系列退火条件下Bi2201相超导电性的进化

通过对Pb掺杂Bi2201相超导样品进行系列条件下的真空退火处理,固定退火时间,调节退火温度,使得样品氧含量随退火温度升高而降低,从而使样品载流子浓度随退火温度升高而依次降低,进而影响样品超导电性.我们系统研究了退火条件、正常态电阻率和超导电性之间的关联,确定了样品最高超导转变温度的退火条件,讨论了Bi2201相超导样品在系列退火条件下其超导电性的进化,并获得了该体系最高超导转变温度Tconset=43K.