Rapid determination of underivatized pyroglutamic acid, glutamic acid, glutamine and other relevant amino acids in fermentation media by LC-MS-MS

Determination of amino acids in a complex matrix without derivatization is advantageous, however, difficulties are found in both the detection and the separation of those compounds. In this study, a rapid and reliable LC-MS-MS method for the quantitation of underivatized amino acids in exocellular media was established. Injections were made directly after centrifugation of the samples, without further preparation. The separation of seven underivatized amino acids was achieved on a reversed-phase C18 column with pentadecafluorooctanoic acid as a volatile ion-pair reagent, and the specific detection of most amino acids was achieved by MS-MS of the specific transitions [M + H]+-->[M + H - 46]+. The calibration curves of all analytes were linear over the range of 1.0-1000 microg ml(-1) and the detection limits ranged from 0.1 to 5 ng ml(-1), with an injection volume of 20 microl. The inter-day and intra-day precisions ranged from 2.6 to 5.7% and 4.8 to 8.2%, respectively; the mean recoveries of the seven analytes were 81-104%, 91-107% and 93-101% respectively at the spiked level of 10, 40 and 200 microg ml(-1). A large number of fermentation samples were analysed using this method. The technique is simple, rapid, selective and sensitive, and shows potential for the high-throughput quantitation of amino acids from other biological matrices.     

Polyurethane cationomers. I. Structure–properties relationships

Polyurethane (PU) cationomers have been synthesized by quaternizing tertiary amine-containing linear polyurethanes using different quaternizers containing acid groups. The effect of chemical structure of PU cationomers on the physical properties was studied. The mechanical properties of PU cationomers were improved with decreasing molecular weight of poly(caprolactone) glycol, and increasing concentration of quaternary ammonium. Decreasing the carbon number in the alkyl group of the N-alkyl diethanol-amine chain-extenders, and using rigid symmetrical diisocyanates, the mechanical properties of the PU cationomers were increased. The effects of these factors on the glass transition temperature of PU cationomers were also examined. The mechanical properties of the PU cationomers decreased by immersion in water and recovered after removal of the water.     

Optimal Energy-Storage Configuration for Microgrids Based on SOH Estimation and Deep Q-Network

Energy storage is an important adjustment method to improve the economy and reliability of a power system. Due to the complexity of the coupling relationship of elements such as the power source, load, and energy storage in the microgrid, there are problems of insufficient performance in terms of economic operation and efficient dispatching. In view of this, this paper proposes an energy storage configuration optimization model based on reinforcement learning and battery state of health assessment. Firstly, a quantitative assessment of battery health life loss based on deep learning was performed. Secondly, on the basis of considering comprehensive energy complementarity, a two-layer optimal configuration model was designed to optimize the capacity configuration and dispatch operation. Finally, the feasibility of the proposed method in microgrid energy storage planning and operation was verified by experimentation. By integrating reinforcement learning and traditional optimization methods, the proposed method did not rely on the accurate prediction of the power supply and load and can make decisions based only on the real-time information of the microgrid. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of the proposed method and existing methods were analyzed, and the results show that the proposed method can effectively improve the performance of dynamic planning for energy storage in microgrids.     

等离子体湍流能量传输的尺度相关性

对于空间环境中近乎无碰撞的等离子体,可采用Vlasov方程进行理论描述,基于Vlasov方程,讨论了等离子体湍流能量传输和耗散的过程:由亚格子应力引起的尺度间的能量传输,电场做功,压强张量做功(压强张量与速度梯度张量的相互作用).通过混合Vlasov-Maxwell(HVM)数值模拟,进一步研究了能量传输通道之间的联系...     

一道2020年全国大学生数学竞赛题的多种推广

对最近一道2020年全国大学生数学竞赛题从多个角度进行推广,由此不但丰富了课堂例题,拓展了教学内容,而且激发了同学们的学习热情,促进了同学们创新思维能力的提升.     

基于复合超构表面的宽带圆极化双功能器件设计

多功能器件的设计是推动新一代电磁系统发展的重要力量,而超构表面因其对电磁波的幅度、相位和极化等特性的灵活调控在多功能器件领域备受关注.传统的多功能超构表面是利用各向异性单元对相互正交的线极化波具有不同响应的特性,从而设计出适用于线极化的多功能器件.本文提出了一种缝隙加载的环I形复合超构表面单元,通过单元臂长和旋转角度的...     

Phosphorylation of ERK-Dependent NF-κB Triggers NLRP3 Inflammasome Mediated by Vimentin in EV71-Infected Glioblastoma Cells

Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is a dominant pathogenic agent that may cause severe central nervous system (CNS) diseases among infants and young children in the Asia-pacific. The inflammasome is closely implicated in EV71-induced CNS injuries through a series of signaling pathways. However, the activation pathway of NLRP3 inflammasome involved in EV71-mediated CNS injuries remains poorly defined. In the studies, EV71 infection, ERK1/2 phosphorylation, and activation of NLRP3 are abolished in glioblastoma cells with low vimentin expression by CRISPR/Cas9-mediated knockdown. PD098059, an inhibitor of p-ERK, remarkably blocks the vimentin-mediated ERK1/2 phosphorylation in EV71-infected cells. Nuclear translocation of NF-κB p65 is dependent on p-ERK in a time-dependent manner. Moreover, NLRP3 activation and caspase-1 production are limited in EV71-infected cells upon the caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) administration, an inhibitor of NF-κB, which contributes to the inflammasome regulation. In conclusion, these results suggest that EV71-mediated NLRP3 inflammasome could be activated via the VIM-ERK-NF-κB pathway, and the treatment of the dephosphorylation of ERK and NF-κB inhibitors is beneficial to host defense in EV71-infected CNS.     

国有商业银行企业不良贷款的主因子分析

论文首先在银行企业不良贷款成因的研究成果进行回顾梳理基础上,从探究现行发展环境下,影响企业不良贷款的主要原因的角度,通过对国有商业银行贷款部的中高层访谈问卷调查,运用探索性因子分析模型,对不良贷款主成因进行萃取和诠释,最后构建银行业不良贷款的成因层次构面,以支持国有商业银行授信决策之依据。     

不同排烟方式HAT循环性能对比

对三种不同排烟方式HAT循环的模拟分析表明,在总压比一定时,排烟方式对比功影响很小,采用引风机排烟的HAT循环比直接排烟及回热法排娴的电效率最多分别高出1和1.5个百分点,最高效率时的引风机压比在1.5～1.6左右.引风机排烟带来的压缩耗功下降和湿化器出水温度降低是效率升高的主要原因.水回收率相对偏低,且性能受烟气冷凝温度和引风机压比影响较大.