A proposed direct measurement of cross section at Gamow window for key reaction ~(19)F( p,α)~(16)O in Asymptotic Giant Branch stars with a planned accelerator in CJPL

In 2014, the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC) approved the Jinping Underground Nuclear Astrophysics laboratory(JUNA) project, which aims at direct cross-section measurements of four key stellar nuclear reactions right down to the Gamow windows. In order to solve the observed fluorine overabundances in Asymptotic Giant Branch(AGB) stars, measuring the key ~(19)F( p,α)~(16)O reaction at effective burning energies(i.e., at Gamow window) is established as one of the scientific research sub-projects. The present paper describes this sub-project in details, including motivation, status, experimental setup, yield and background estimation, aboveground test, as well as other relevant reactions.     

钙钛矿锰氧化物La0.7Sr0.3MxMn1-xO3(M=Cr,Fe)的巨磁电阻效应与磁性

研究了溶胶 -凝胶法制备氧化物巨磁电阻材料的工艺 ,制备了La0 .7Sr0 .3 CrxMn1-xO3 (x =0 ,0 .10 ,0 .15 )和La0 .7Sr0 .3 FexMn1-xO3 (x =0 .0 5 ,0 .10 ,0 .16 )两系列的单相钙钛矿锰氧化物多晶样品 ,并研究了Cr ,Fe替代La0 .7Sr0 .3 MnO3 中部分Mn后对其结构、磁性和巨磁电阻性质的影响 .观察到La0 .7Sr0 .3 Cr0 .15Mn0 .85O3 和La0 .7Sr0 .3 Fe0 .0 5Mn0 .95O3 两个样品的电阻 温度曲线都出现了双峰 .定性讨论了可能产生双峰的机制 .随Cr(或Fe)替代量的增加 ,材料的居里温度很快下降 ,铁磁性减弱 ,导电性降低 ,巨磁电阻效应增强 .但与Fe掺杂相比 ,相同数量的Cr掺杂对材料的影响要小 .     

类氢离子的相对论康普顿轮廓（英文）

基于中心场近似得到Dirac径向轨道,并使用恰当的Fourier变换系统计算了类氢离子电子动量分布和康普顿轮廓。以H原子和Xe53+离子为例,探讨了相对论效应和原子核的有限体积效应对单电子康普顿轮廓的影响。同时,详细研究了单电子康普顿轮廓对主量子数n、轨道量子数l、单电子总角动量量子数j和核电荷数Z的依赖关系。结果表明,相对论效应可以扩展康普顿轮廓的分布,并且使给定nl的轨道随着Z的增加分裂得越来越明显。然而,相对论效应也会随着主量子数n和轨道量子数l的增加而减弱。同时,对于nl_j轨道,其康普顿轮廓还具有n-l个平台的结构。另外,原子核的有限体积几乎不会影响H原子和Xe53+离子的康普顿轮廓。The Compton profiles of the electron in the ground and excited states of H-like ions have been calculated systematically with one-electron Dirac radial orbitals by using the proper Fourier transformation. Taking the H atom and Xe53+ ion as examples, the effects of relativity and finite nuclear size on Compton profile have been discussed. Furthermore, the dependence of one-electron Compton profile on the principle quantum number n, orbital quantum number l, angular quantum number j and nuclear charge Z has also been discussed. It is found that the relativistic effect can expand the distribution of the Compton profile and split the orbital more and more obviously for given nl(l=0) as increasing Z. However, the relativistic effect can gradually weaken with the increase of the principal quantum number n and orbital quantum number l. Furthermore, the Compton profile of the orbital with quantum number nl_j has certain number of platforms that is n-l. In addition, the nuclear finite size hardly affects the Compton profile for H atom and Xe53+ ion.     

四阶色散对飞秒高斯脉冲传输的影响

推导了考虑二、三、四阶色散的高斯脉冲传输方程;利用计算机数值模拟的方法,研究了四阶色散(FOD)对飞秒高斯脉冲在单模光纤中传输特性的影响.模拟结果显示：只有在入射脉冲宽度窄到飞秒量级时,即对应传输速率很高的情况下,FOD对脉冲的影响才明显;FOD导致脉冲形状发生了畸变,畸变特点不同于二、三阶色散;随着初始脉宽逐渐减小,FOD所致的飞秒高斯脉冲畸变经历了一个脉冲仅仅展宽,到展宽脉冲的两翼出现“底座”,到展宽脉冲的两翼出现具有微小振荡“底座”的变化过程.     

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介绍了EAST托卡马克逆磁线圈加补偿线圈的逆磁测量。该方法的优点是补偿线圈有效地消除了纵场线圈产生的磁通变化,而调节机构能降低来自极向场的误差信号。详细地叙述了逆磁线圈工程设计中考虑的材料选择和结构设计对逆磁线圈的影响。最后给出了次测量系统的误差分析。     

水稻中的纳米硅及其紫外吸收

为了了解水稻中硅的亚显微结构及其紫外吸收特性,根据强酸不会腐蚀SiO₂玻璃的事实,选择湿消化方法分离水稻中的硅体。以浓硫酸和硝酸混合液分别处理水稻叶片和稻壳,经多级沉降分离出其中的硅体。X射线光电子能谱结果表明硅体距离表面10 nm以内碳相对质量为35.05%,远高于硅体表面(5.88%),说明硅质壁能够阻止强酸进入硅体内部,避免硅体内氧化,保持硅体结构完整和相对独立的理化性质。电镜显示硅体SiO₂结构致密,由1～2 nm的SiO₂凝胶粒子粘聚而成,纳米颗粒相互融合组成排列方向一致的纳米棒,内部还有微米尺度(≤1μm)和纳米尺度(≤1～2 nm)的隙孔。颖壳硅体最大吸收位于285 nm;叶片纳米硅对紫外辐射的吸收极其有限,表明水稻颖壳和叶片硅体对紫外辐射具有不同的抵抗机制。     

Mechanism transition of self-pumped phase conjugation in KTa1 −xNbxO3:Fe crystals

Mechanism transitions of Self-Pumped Phase Conjugation (SPPC) with wavelength and doping concentration are observed in KTN:Fe (KTa_{1 –x} Nb _x O₃:Fe with _x = 0.48) crystals. The SPPC mechanism in KTN: Fe (0.4 wt. %) crystal transforms from Stimulated Photorefractive Backscattering and Four-Wave Mixing (SPB-FWM) to cat (or total internal reflection) as the wavelength increases from 514.5 nm to 620 nm. SPPC at 514.5 nm is formed with the cat mechanism in a 0.2 wt. % doped KTN:Fe crystal, while with the SPB-FWM mechanism in a 0.4 wt. % doped one. These mechanism transitions are discussed with respect to the dependence of the backscattering gain coefficient of the crystals on wavelength and doping concentration.     

Investigations of the effects of ultrasound on some metal and nonmetal systems

The effects of power ultrasound on four metal-nonmetal powdered systems: copper-sulphur iron-sulphur, zinc-sulphur and magnesium-sulphur in various solvents, such as hexane and carbon disulphide, are briefly examined here. For each system, a sonication time of 30 min was affected. The sonicated products are analysed by X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence and atomic absorption spectrophotometry to determine their qualitative and quantitative compositions and the percentage yields of the products obtained are then compared and discussed.     

高能π–p碰撞J/ψ+γ硬衍射产生

用I–S模型与夸克偶素的色八重态产生机制,对πp碰撞J/ψ+γ协同产生的单衍射过程的微分截面及总截面进行计算,结果表明,把J/ψ+γ协同产生的单衍射过程和单举过程相结合,可以探测Pomeron中的胶子成分并对硬衍射因子化进行检验.