Structure determination of [C3H3N2]+ ions,formed from monosubstituted pyrazoles C3H3N2R,by collision-induced dissociation mass spectrometry

[C₃H₃N₂]⁺ ions have been generated under electron impact conditions from some monosubstituted pyrazoles C₃H₃N₂R. Collision-induced dissociation (CID) mass spectra of deuterium-labelled precursors suggest that the majority of the [C₃H₃N₂]⁺ ions formed from 1-nitro- and 4-bromo-pyrazole retain their cyclic structure, whereas the ions from 3(5)-bromopyrazole are mainly linear. This is confirmed by the relative values observed for the overall cross-sections for CID and for ion loss. An isotope effect of the order of 1.5–1.9 has been found for the collision-induced loss of H^˙ from [C₃H₃N₂]⁺, generated from 3(5)- and 4-bromopyrazole.     

SiH+5 and the proton affinity of monosilane

Tandem mass spectrometric studies show that SiH⁺₅ is formed in bimolecular reactions of SiH₄ and NH⁺₂, C₂H⁺₃, C₂H⁺₆ and C₃H⁺₈ ions. The dependence of the reaction cross sections on ion energy indicates the formation of SiH⁺₅ from NH⁺₂, C₂H⁺₃, and C₂H⁺₆ to be exothermic reactions, while formation from C₃H⁺₈ is endothermic. Using known thermochemical data, these facts permit the assignment of 150 and 156 kcal/mole to the lower and upper limits of the proton affinity of monosilane.     

Recent developments in polymer-based sorbents for solid-phase extraction

A review with 136 references on the principles and recent developments in the solid-phase extraction based on polymer sorbents is presented. New polymer-based materials, chromatographic modes, experimental configurations are described and their advantages for a rapid sample preparation of certain classes of compounds with different functional groups are discussed and compared to silica-based sorbents.     

Isolation of a potent anti-MRSA sesquiterpenoid quinone from Ulmus davidiana var. japonica

A highly potent anti-MRSA sesquiterpenoid has been isolated from Ulmus davidiana var. japonica, which has been traditionally used to treat infectious diseases in Korea. This naturally occurring antibiotic was identified as mansonone F (1). This compound has been found to be highly active specifically against MRSA and showed an MIC range of 0.39-3.13 microg/ml which is comparable to that of vancomycin.     

Untersuchung der Wackenroderschen Reaktion mit Hilfe der radiopapierchromatographischen Methode

Zusammenfassung Es wird beschrieben, wie man unter Anwendung von radioaktiven Stoffen kinetische Untersuchungen an der Wackenroderschen Reaktion durchführen kann. Dabei geht man nach einer papierchromatographischen Methode zur Trennung von Polythionsäuren vor, indem man durch laufende Probenentnahme während des Reaktionsablaufes die jeweilige Zusammensetzung der Wackenroderschen Flüssigkeit festhält. Die auf diese Weise gewonnenen Papierchromatogramme werden durch einen Radiopapierchromatographen ausgewertet. Die Verfolgung der einzelnen Stadien dieses Prozesses ist nur möglich, weil es sich bei der Wackenroderschen Reaktion hauptsächlich um langsame Vorgänge nach Art der Verseifungsprozesse handelt und dürfte daher mit Erfolg auf analoge Systeme zu übertragen sein.     

Interpretation of contact angle measurements on two different fluoropolymers for the determination of solid surface tension

Contact angle measurements with a large number of liquids on the semi-fluorinated acryl polymer EGC-1700 films are reported. The surface tension was determined to be gammasv=13.84 mJ/m2 from contact angles of octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (OMCTS) and decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (DMCPS). Inertness of these two liquids makes them ideal for determination of surface tension of low-energy fluoropolymers. On the other hand, contact angles of many other liquids deviated somewhat from a smooth contact angle pattern that represents the EGC-1700 surface tension. It is argued that noninertness of the molecules of these liquids gives rise to specific interactions with the polymer film, causing the deviations. Furthermore, contact angles of a series of n-alkanes (n-hexane to n-hexadecane) showed systematic deviations from this curve, similar to the trend observed for n-alkanes/Teflon AF 1600 systems studied earlier. Adsorption of vapor of short-chain liquids onto the polymer film caused their contact angles to fall above the gammasv=13.84 mJ/m2 curve, and a parallel alignment of molecules of the long-chain n-alkanes in the vicinity of the solid was the explanation for the deviation of their contact angles below it. It is found that vapor adsorption effect is more significant in the case of Teflon AF 1600, while the alignment of liquid molecules close to the surface is more pronounced for EGC-1700.     

Analyse von Mononitrobenzoes?uren

Ohne Zusammenfassung     

Gaschromatographischer Vergleich verschiedener Branntweine

Zusammenfassung Durch Direktinjektion von 5–20 l verschiedener Branntweine wurden auf gaschromatographischen Trennsäulen in Verbindung mit Flammenionisationsdetektoren die Verbindungen Acetaldehyd, Essigsäure-methylester, Essigsäure-äthylester, Methanol, Butanol-2, Propanol-1, 2-Methylpropanol-1, Butanol-1, 2-Methyl-butanol-1, 3-Methyl-butanol-1 und Hexanol-1 aufgetrennt und quantitativ bestimmt. Vergleiche der Analysenzahlen zeigen, daß sich die Branntweingruppen Obstbrände, Weinbrände und Getreidebrände deutlich voneinander abgrenzen und darüber hinaus z.B. zwischen Cognacs und Weinbränden bzw. zwischen schottischen, amerikanischen und kanadischen Whiskies unterschieden werden kann.

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Summary By direct injection of 5–20 l of various spirits the following compounds can be separated and determined on gas-chromatographic columns using flame-ionization detectors: acetaldehyde, methyl acetate, ethyl acetate, methanol, butanol-2, propanol-1, 2-methyl-propanol-1, butanol-1, 2-methyl-butanol-1, 3-methyl-butanol-1 and hexanol-1. A comparison of the analytical results reveals distinct differences between spirits from fruit, wine and grain. Moreover, different analytical results are obtained for cognacs and (German) brandies, and for Scotch, American and Canadian whiskies.

     

Determination of oxidized, reduced and protein-bound glutathione in eye lenses by high-performance liquid chromatography and electrochemical detection.

A method for the detection of oxidized, reduced and protein-bound glutathione in eye lenses has been developed. Homogenized lens samples are deproteinated with acetonitrile and perchloric acid. Protein-bound glutathione is reduced by 1,4-dithiothreitol. Separation of the different forms of glutathione and dithiothreitol is performed by ion-pair reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography with sodium octylsulphate as the ion-pairing agent. The compounds are detected amperometrically using on-line-generated bromine, which oxidizes thiols and disulphides. In this way two samples can be analysed in triplicate in a single day. The lower detection limits are 80 and 48 nmol per gram wet lens for reduced and oxidized glutathione, respectively. The amounts of free reduced and protein-bound glutathione in calf lenses, determined with this method, are 6.8 +/- 0.4 and 0.96 +/- 0.03 mumol per gram wet lens, respectively. That of oxidized glutathione is less than 0.048 mumol per gram wet lens.