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21.
V. D. Borman A. V. Zenkevich V. N. Nevolin M. A. Pushkin V. N. Tronin V. I. Troyan 《Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics》2006,103(6):850-868
The results of an experimental study of the formation of nanometer-size Au clusters on NaCl(100) and HOPG(0001) surfaces under pulsed laser deposition are presented. No clusters of small sizes (d ≤ 1 nm) have been found in the cluster size distribution. The distribution itself at d < 5 nm has the form of a percolation distribution. It has been established that the perimeter of clusters with sizes d < 5 nm has a fractal structure. The fractal dimension of clusters is different for NaCl(100) and HOPG(0001) surfaces with different symmetries; it decreases with increasing cluster size from D f ≈ 1.2–1.4 at d ≈ 1.5 nm to D f ≈ 1 at d ≈ 5 nm. A physical mechanism of nanocluster formation is suggested. Under pulsed laser deposition, the attainable densities of adatoms are close to the percolation threshold in the region of thermodynamically unstable states and many-particle correlation regions are formed in a spatially inhomogeneous adsorbate. Clusters are formed on the surface from many-particle correlation regions in several diffusion jumps. The suggested mechanism allows the fractal dimension of the clusters forming on surfaces with different symmetries, its dependence on cluster size, and the cluster size distribution functions to be calculated. 相似文献
22.
A. A. Belyanin V. V. Kocharovsky VI. V. Kocharovsky 《Radiophysics and Quantum Electronics》1996,41(1):22-27
It is believed that the detection of gamma-ray bursts from evaporating primordial black holes is highly improbable in the
near future since the expected photon flux, consisting mainly of photons with energies ≳ GeV, is too low. Contrary to this
point of view, we show that a large fraction of the black hole power at the final stage of evaporation (the last 103 s) can be liberated as a burst of soft γ-ray emission of duration 10−1–103 s and luminosity 1028–1031 erg/s in the energy range 0.1–1 MeV. According to our calculations of the black hole evaporation rate (within the Standard
Model of elementary particles), when the black hole temperature exceeds approximately 10 GeV, the charged particle outflow
from a black hole forms a well-defined plasma and can be described in the hydrodynamic approximation. In this case more than
half of the rest energy of a black hole can be converted into soft gamma-rays due to the presence of the magnetic field with
energy density comparable to that of charged particles. We consider various mechanisms leading to such transformation and
estimate their efficiency. It is shown that, at least, some of the gamma-ray bursts detected by BATSE can be associated with
evaporating black holes.
Institute of Applied Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh
Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vol. 41, No. 1, pp. 36–45, January, 1998. 相似文献
23.
J. Badalec J. Ďatlov K. Jakubka VI. Kopecký Š. Körbel L. Kryška P. Magula J. Stöckel F. Žáček S. Nanobashvili 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》1983,33(7):787-790
The work is devoted to the study of the LH wave effect on the peripheral plasma of the TM-1-MH tokamak. The observed enhancement of the ion saturated current in the limiter shadow is interpreted as heating of the peripheral ions by absorption of decay waves generated in this region due to the nonlinear wave-plasma interaction. 相似文献
24.
S. I. Sidorenko A. M. Taratin S. A. Vorob'ev P. A. Kotsyumakha A. I. Kurlat B. M. Sobishchanskii A. G. Khotchenkov B. F. Minaev S. I. Galko E. A. Vasil'kovskaya V. V. Gorskii V. M. Lisitsyn A. Z. Éfendiev A. M. Yunusov S. A. Sadykov A. A. Aliverdiev T. A. Borodina T. S. Minakova V. I. Perov Yu. A. Tisenko Z. F. Dmitrenko V. V. Mikho V. Ya. Galin Yu. S. Makushkin A. I. Petrova VI. G. Tyuterev A. G. Yakunin G. A. Korablev 《Russian Physics Journal》1977,20(8):1116-1122
25.
V.D. Borman B.I. Butsev V.K. Morozov B.I. Nikolayev V.I. Troyan 《Physics letters. A》1978,64(5):465-466
The thermomagnetic effect (TME) in nitrogen interacting with a gold surface is investigated. It has been found that at temperatures T<100K the sign of the effect and the dependence of the heat flux on the magnitude and direction of the field do change. 相似文献
26.
V. D. Borman P. V. Borisyuk O. S. Vasil’ev M. A. Pushkin V. N. Tronin I. V. Tronin V. I. Troyan 《JETP Letters》2010,92(3):166-170
The experimental results are presented for the backscattering of 500-eV electrons on Au nanoclusters formed on the surface
of highly oriented pyrolytic graphite HOPG(0001) and amorphous SiO2. It has been found that the measured intensity of the elastically backscattered electrons nonmonotonically depends on the
size of nanoclusters. It has been shown that the observed features can be explained by an increase in the rms deviation of
the atoms of the Au nanocluster with a decrease in its size. The difference in the dependence of the rms deviation of atoms
on the size of the nanoclusters formed on the surfaces of HOPG(0001) and amorphous SiO2 is qualitatively explained by an increase in the roughness of the nanocluster surface accompanying their formation under
the strongly nonequilibrium conditions of pulsed laser deposition. 相似文献
27.
N. N. Smolyar N. N. Troyan A. B. Vasilechko D. A. Lomov Yu. M. Yutilov 《Russian Journal of Organic Chemistry》2007,43(11):1706-1709
Nitration of 2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-one gave its 5-nitro derivative which was subjected to alkylation with dimethyl sulfate, diethyl sulfate, and benzyl(dimethyl)phenylammonium chloride. The resulting 1,3-dimethyl-, 1,3-diethyl-, and 1,3-dibenzyl-5-nitro-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-ones were reduced to the corresponding 1,3-dialkyl-5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-2-ones, and the latter reacted with itaconic acid to produce 1-(1,3-dialkyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-5-yl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acids. 1-(2-Oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-5-yl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-3-carboxylic acid was obtained by analogous reaction with 5-amino-2,3-dihydro-1H-imidazo[4,5-b]-pyridin-2-one. 相似文献
28.
29.
A. G. Gavrilyuk G. N. Stepanov I. S. Lyubutin A. S. Stepin I. A. Troyan V. A. Sidorov B. Palosz S. Stel’makh M. Winzenick 《Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics》2000,90(2):330-340
The effect of high pressures P on the Néel temperature T N , the crystal lattice parameters, and the magnitude of the hyperfine magnetic field H Sn at a nucleus of a diamagnetic tin atom was studied in pure and tin-doped orthoferrites RFeO3 (R = Nd, Lu). The dependence of these quantities on the geometry of the exchange bonds, specifically, the angle and length of the chemical bond Fe-O-Fe(Sn), was analyzed. It was established that under pressure the angular contribution decreases and the radial contribution increases T N and H Sn, the radial contribution being greater than the angular contribution in absolute magnitude. Numerical estimates were obtained for the angular and radial contributions to T N and H Sn. In lutecium orthoferrite, at P > 30 GPa anomalies indicating a possible phase transition were observed in the behavior of the lattice parameters and the value of H Sn. 相似文献
30.
介绍了采用X射线光电子谱(XPS)等技术研究脉冲激光沉积在Ni、Mo、C、NaCl(100)表面的Cu、Au原子团簇的电子状态;结合Cu2p3/2 X射线光电子谱峰和Cu L3M4,5M4,5俄歇跃迁分离了电子结合能的初态和终态贡献,得出了它们随Cu表面浓度变化的关系,并对之作出了解释。使用XPS、RBS、TEM三项技术研究了Au在NaCl(100)表面的生长过程,通过计算得出了在不同表面浓度下Au原子团簇的平均高度和表面覆盖率。 相似文献