A Novel Image Encryption Scheme Based on Walsh Compressed Quantum Spinning Chaotic Lorenz System

In today’s era, a fascinating discipline is immensely influencing a wide miscellany in different fields of science and technology known as quantum cryptography. The amalgamation of different unconventional themes of information security and fast computing have appended inventiveness and creativity into the performance of quantum systems which exhibits astonishing outcomes surprisingly for the most complicated nonlinear models. The exploitation of chaos theory at quantum scale is a dynamical new approach towards the system of information security. Regarding this a novel image encryption approach based on modern standards of chaos, fast computing and quantum encryption has been proposed in this article. In the designed scheme, Walsh transformation is exploited to get standard image compression as to reduce data being processed resulting in fast computing. Quantum spinning and rotation operators leading new protocols, compressed data is encrypted using quantum spinning and rotation operators. For adding more confusion capability in contemplated algorithm discrete fractional chaotic Lorenz system is also accomplished. The proposed system has been validated through statistical analysis, the assessments accordingly by statistical analysis tests clearly emphasis that proposed scheme of encryption is comparatively equitable for the digital images security.

     

First-Principles Investigation of Structural,Electronic, and Optical Response of SnZrO3 with Al Inclusion for Optoelectronic Applications

Physics of the Solid State - In this study, the first-principles calculation which is grounded on the density functional theory is employed to conclude the structural, optical, and electronic...     

A Paradigmatic Approach to Find the Valency-Based K-Banhatti and Redefined Zagreb Entropy for Niobium Oxide and a Metal–Organic Framework

Entropy is a thermodynamic function in chemistry that reflects the randomness and disorder of molecules in a particular system or process based on the number of alternative configurations accessible to them. Distance-based entropy is used to solve a variety of difficulties in biology, chemical graph theory, organic and inorganic chemistry, and other fields. In this article, the characterization of the crystal structure of niobium oxide and a metal–organic framework is investigated. We also use the information function to compute entropies by building these structures with degree-based indices including the K-Banhatti indices, the first redefined Zagreb index, the second redefined Zagreb index, the third redefined Zagreb index, and the atom-bond sum connectivity index.     

Fabrication,rheological analysis,and in vitro characterization of in situ chemically cross‐linkable thermogels as controlled and prolonged drug depot for localized and systemic delivery

5‐Fluorouracil (5‐FU) is widely used against many types of solid cancer in clinics. However, because of its limitations such as short half‐life, poor oral absorption and rapid clearance by dihydropyrimidine dehydrogenase have limited its applications. In current study, new in situ chemically grafted thermogels for prolonged drug release are formed on the basis of poloxamer 407 (PF127) and carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS) using glutaraldehyde as cross‐linking agent. The phase transition from sol to gel state at body temperature was confirmed by tube titling, rheological analysis, and optical transmittance determinations. Swelling and drug release experiments conducted at various pH and temperature demonstrated that developed formulations are thermoresponsive with maximum swelling and release below critical gelation temperature (CGT) (pH 7.4, 25°C). Cells growth inhibition study confirmed the biocompatibility of thermogels against L929 cell lines. Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay confirmed that 5‐FU–loaded thermogels have the potential to cause cells death against HeLa and MCF‐7 cancer lines. The IC₅₀ values calculated for pure 5‐FU solution (27 ± 0.81 μg/mL for HeLa and 24 ± 0.58 μg/mL for MCF‐7) were found higher in comparison with 5‐FU–loaded thermogels, against HeLa (17 ± 0.39 μg/mL) and MCF‐7 (14 ± 0.67 μg/mL). Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) confirmed the new structure formation and chemical grafting between PF127 and CMCS. Thermogravimetric (TG) and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) analyses proved the phase transition around physiologic temperature range, while scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis displayed the presence of connected pores in the cross section of thermogels facilitating the uptake of solvents and drug particles. Altogether, results concluded that developed chemically grafted thermogels can be used in vivo for prolonged drug release after subcutaneous administration.     

Reaction of N‐Nonaflyl and N‐Cyano‐Benzotriazoles with Enamines

N‐Nonaflyl‐benzotriazole 1a reacts with enamines 2 in tetrahydrofurane (THF) at room temperature to afford o‐nonafluorobutansulfonamido‐phenylazo‐enamines 3 in 74–81% yield. Compound 1a reacts with 1‐diethylaminobutadien 2f twice, affording pyridazine derivative 3f in 20% yield. Ringopening of N‐cyano‐benzotriazole 1b with pyrrolidinocyclohexene 2a affords, under cleavage of pyrrolidine 1,2,3,4‐tetrahydro‐dibenzo[4,5:e]imidazo[1,2‐b][1,2,4]triazine 4 in 43% yield.     

Green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Callicarpa maingayi stem bark extraction

Different biological methods are gaining recognition for the production of silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) due to their multiple applications. The use of plants in the green synthesis of nanoparticles emerges as a cost effective and eco-friendly approach. In this study the green biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles using Callicarpa maingayi stem bark extract has been reported. Characterizations of nanoparticles were done using different methods, which include; ultraviolet-visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray fluorescence (EDXF) spectrometry, zeta potential measurements and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. UV-visible spectrum of the aqueous medium containing silver nanoparticles showed absorption peak at around 456 nm. The TEM study showed that mean diameter and standard deviation for the formation of silver nanoparticles were 12.40 ± 3.27 nm. The XRD study showed that the particles are crystalline in nature, with a face centered cubic (fcc) structure. The most needed outcome of this work will be the development of value added products from Callicarpa maingayi for biomedical and nanotechnology based industries.     

Predictable self-assembled [2×2] Ln(III)4 square grids (Ln = Dy,Tb)-SMM behaviour in a new lanthanide cluster motif

The ditopic carbohydrazone ligand (L1) produces the square, self-assembled [2×2] grids [Dy(4)(L1)(4)(OH)(4)]Cl(2) (1) and [Ln(4)(L1)(4)(μ(4)-O)(μ(2)-1,1-N(3))(4)] (Ln = Dy (2), Tb (3)), with 2 exhibiting SMM behaviour. Two relaxation processes occur with U(eff) = 51 K, 91 K in the absence of an external field, and one with U(eff) = 270 K in the presence of a 1600 Oe optimum field.     

A 1:1 adduct of hexa­methylene­tetramine and 4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxy­benz­aldehyde

In the title complex, C₆H₁₂N₄·C₈H₈O₃, the hexa­methyl­ene­tetramine mol­ecule accepts a single intermolecular O—H?N hydrogen bond from the hydroxy group of the 4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxy­benz­aldehyde moiety. The non‐centrosymmetric crystal structure is built from alternating molecular sheets of 4‐hydroxy‐3‐methoxy­benz­aldehyde and hexa­methyl­ene­tetramine mol­ecules, and is stabilized by intermolecular O—H?N, C—H?O and C—H?π interactions.     

Piperazine‐1,4‐diium–2,4‐dinitrophenolate–water (1/2/2)

In the title 1/2/2 adduct, C₄H₁₂N₂²⁺·2C₆H₃N₂O₅^?·2H₂O, the dication lies on a crystallographic inversion centre and the asymmetric unit also has one anion and one water mol­ecule in general positions. The 2,4‐di­nitro­phenolate anions and the water mol­ecules are linked by two O—H?O and two C—H?O hydrogen bonds to form molecular ribbons, which extend along the b direction. The piperazine dication acts as a donor for bifurcated N—H?O hydrogen bonds with the phenolate O atom and with the O atom of the o‐nitro group. Six symmetry‐related molecular ribbons are linked to a piperazine dication by N—H?O and C—H?O hydrogen bonds.