Innovation diffusion model with interactions and delays in adoption for two competitive products in two different patches

Ricerche di Matematica - The aim of the present paper, how the people behave towards the offer of two products in two different patches. In this work, an innovation diffusion model with...     

Direct sulfonylation of Baylis-Hillman alcohols and diarylmethanols with TosMIC in ionic liquid-[Hmim]HSO4: an unexpected reaction

A Brønsted acidic ionic liquid-[Hmim]HSO₄ promoted unexpected reaction of Baylis-Hillman alcohols and diarylmethanols with p-toluenesulfonylmethyl isocyanide (TosMIC) affording the corresponding sulfone derivatives instead of N-tosylmethyl amides is reported. After isolation of the product, the ionic liquid [Hmim]HSO₄ was easily recycled for further use.     

Magnetocrystalline anisotropy in RAu2Ge2 (R = La, Ce and Pr) single crystals

Anisotropic magnetic properties of single crystalline RAu₂Ge₂ (R=La, Ce and Pr) compounds are reported. LaAu₂Ge₂ exhibits a Pauli-paramagnetic behaviour whereas CeAu₂Ge₂ and PrAu₂Ge₂ show an antiferromagnetic ordering with Nèel temperatures T_N = 13.5 and 9 K, respectively. The anisotropic magnetic response of Ce and Pr compounds establishes [0 0 1] as the easy axis of magnetization and a sharp spin-flip type metamagnetic transition is observed in the magnetic isotherms with H // [0 0 1]. The transport and magnetotransport behaviour of these compounds, in particular LaAu₂Ge₂, indicate an anisotropic Fermi surface. The magnetoresistivity of CeAu₂Ge₂ apparently reveals the presence of a residual Kondo interaction. A crystal electric field analysis of the anisotropic susceptibility in conjunction with the experimentally inferred Schottky heat capacity enables us to propose a crystal electric field level scheme for Ce and Pr compounds. For CeAu₂Ge₂ our values are in excellent agreement with the previous reports on neutron diffraction. The heat capacity data in LaAu₂Ge₂ show clearly the existence of Einstein contribution to the heat capacity.     

Experimental Observation of Bright and Dark Solitons Mode-Locked with Zirconia-Based Erbium-Doped Fiber Laser

We demonstrate the generation of dark and bright solitons with our homemade zirconia-based erbium-doped fiber and graphene oxide(GO) saturable absorber in anomalous dispersion region.The GO is fabricated using an abridged Hummer's method,which is combined with polyethylene oxide to produce a composite film.The film is sandwiched between two optical ferrules and embedded in the laser cavity to enhance its birefringence and nonlinearity.The self-starting bright soliton is easily generated at pump power of 78 mW with the whole length cavity of 14.7 m.The laser produces the bright pulse train with repetition rate,pulse width,pulse energy and central wavelength being 13.9 MHz,0.6 ps,2.74 p J and 1577.46 nm,respectively.Then,by adding the 10 m of single mode fiber into the laser cavity,dark soliton pulse is produced.For the formation of dark pulse train,the measured repetition rate,pulse width,pulse energy and central wavelength are 8.3 MHz,20 ns and 4.98 p J and1596.82 nm,respectively.Both pulses operate in the anomalous region.