Improved separation of palladium species in biological matrices by using a combination of gel permeation chromatography and isotachophoresis

The binding of palladium to high-molecular-mass compounds in palladium-treated lettuce is investigated as an example for a biological matrix. The total palladium concentration in lettuce leaves is 10.3 ng/g wet weight. After homogenization, high-molecular-mass compounds (> 10 kDa) are isolated by ultrafiltration. For separation of these palladium species a combination of preparative gel permeation chromatography (GPC) and preparative isotachophoresis (ITP) is used. Palladium is determined in separated fractions by using a highly sensitive total reflection X-ray fluorescence (TXRF) method after preconcentration. After GPC separation, four main fractions of palladium species are collected, each containing palladium in ng quantities (3-10 ng). Two of these fractions are further separated by ITP, yielding at least three main peaks per GPC fraction, each containing palladium in the range of 0.3-3 ng. These palladium containing peaks are characterized by high-performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) and capillary isotachophoresis (cITP) in parallel. HPSEC enables the estimation of the molecular mass of six main palladium peaks, covering a molecular mass range of 69-200 kDa. It is also shown that the estimation of molecular mass after separation is more reliable than the respective estimation directly in the first GPC run. However, cITP reveals that each of the separated peaks is still a mixture of at least five different compounds.     

Ein verschärfter und verallgemeinerter Satz von Alexandrov

In this paper we prove the following theorem: Suppose that n≥3 and 1≤jn $$(\forall a,b) d(a,b) : = \sum\limits_{\nu = 1}^j { (a_\nu - b_\nu )^2 - \sum\limits_{\nu = j + 1}^n { (a_\nu - b_\nu )^2 .} }$$ If a function f:?ⁿ→?ⁿ satisfies the condition: (*) $$(\forall x,y \in \mathbb{R}^n ) d(f(x),f(y)) = 0 \Leftrightarrow d(x,y) = 0,$$ then f is affine. Moreover, f preserves distances up to a constant factor C≠0, i.e. d(f(x),f(y))=C·d(x,y) for every x,y. In contrast to Alexandrov's result [1] we do not assume that f is bijective, and we also do not assume that j=n?1. A very important part of our proof will be the discussion of a functional equation.     

Plateau's problem for surfaces of prescribed mean curvature in given regions

Plateau's problem for surfaces of prescribed mean curvature will be considered in regions which are not necessarily H-convex.     

Chernklassen semi-stabiler Rang-3-vektorbündel auf kubischen Dreimannigfaltigkeiten

It is shown that the third Chern-number of a semistable Rk-3-vector bundle on a smooth hypersurface of degree 3 in ₄ can be bounded by the first and the second Chern-number of the bundle.