胺类对α-溴代萘/β-环糊精体系流体室温燐光的影响

首次研究了不同的胺对α-溴代萘(α-BrNp)/β-环糊精(β-CD)体系RTP发射的影响.发现胺能显著增强α-BrNp/β-CD体系的RTP,发射,RTP强度随着胺的烷基链的增长和支链的增加而增加,且当胺的用量是β-CD用量的一倍时,RTP强度最大.由此认为、胺的影响主要应归因于胺分别从β-CD的二端接近,胺的-NH_2基与β-CD的-OH基形成氢键,而其烷基从CD二端折向空腔,封住了CD的上、下端口.这不仅提高了CD腔内的疏水性,增大了发光体与CD间的包结常数,同时,对外部氧向CD腔内的扩散起着隔离作用,显著减小了三线态氧对腔内发光体激发态的猝灭作用.从而可在不除氧的条件下观察到发光体强的RTP,发射,且体系清澈透明.胺的作用属于超分子化学中的分子调控作用.     

混合液体介质的特性声阻抗

本文从理想混合液的基本假设出发,由声速公式导出了混合液的特性声阻抗表达工,在此基础上对二元混液的特性声阻抗进行了讨论,对甘油和乙醇,进行了混合实验,由本文导出的公式所计算出的混合液的特性声阻抗值与由实验所测得的值符合较好。     

固定化酶在生物医学上的应用(Ⅰ)——聚丙烯酰胺固定化尿酶的制备及性能

本文以交联聚丙烯酰胺对尿酶包埋进行了研究,制备出了球形固定化尿酶,其含酶量高(1份酶对1份聚合物),相对活性为50%左右,对尿素的分解活性:120m/ml(固定化尿酶,37℃,2小时),提高了稳定性,在4℃下,66天后活性降低8%,106天后活性降低22%,37℃下11天后活性降低18%,并且不泄漏酶。基于以上特点,该固定化尿酶为吸附型人工肾提供了一个较合适的活性材料。     

毫米波回旋速调管磁控注入电子枪模拟计算

介绍了毫米波回旋速调管磁控注入电子枪的结构与特点。电子枪提供的电子束流性能直接影响到回旋速调管的总体参数,为保证整管的效率和输出功率,利用电子枪模拟程序对电子轨迹进行模拟计算,研究了电极形状、磁场分布以及电子轨迹与电子注参量的影响,并为磁控注入电子枪的设计提供了理论依据。     

On Solving Three-Dimensional Electrostatic Field Distribution by Multigrid Method

A highly efficient numerical algorithm using the multigrid method (MGM) is introduced to solve a three-dimensional (3-D)field distribution. Taking advantage of the restriction and prolongation in MGM computation, a more accurate field distribution can be acquired rapidly. According to the MGM algorithm, a 3-D program is accomplished, which can solve the field distributions in electron optical systems for various electrostatic lenses. The 3-D field distribution in an electrostatic concentric spherical model is tested with the MGM algorithm and with an algorithm based on the finite difference method (FDM). Comparing these two results in terms of computational efficiency and computational accuracy, it appears that MGM is superior to FDM, which is now used the most in field computations. This paper shows that the 3-D field computation using MGM greatly improves the computational efficiency of field distributions in electron optical systems and shortens the computational time.     

基于遗传算法的透平级多目标优化设计

本文发展并完善了一种基于非受控解的排序、基于共享机制的小生境技术和交配约束的多目标遗传算法,在一元热力设计基础上,对一个透平级取实际压力与给定压力的差值和级的作功能力为目标函数进行了优化。算例表明该算法具有同时捕获—组解的能力,对于解决多目标优化问题具有很强的适应性和合理的优化结果,是一种有效的多目标优化方法。     

大体积进样气相色谱法测定空气中的痕量苯

采用气袋采样,以大体积进样气相色谱法测定空气中的痕量苯。气袋采集的样品在8h内稳定。苯含量在0．01～0．2μL／L内与对应的色谱峰面积线性相关,线性方程为A=118．45X 0．073,相关系数为0．9994。6次测定结果的相对标准偏差为2．21％,空气中苯的检出限为0．03mg／m^3。     

Lysozyme-like Protein Produced by Bifidobacterium longum Regulates Human Gut Microbiota Using In Vitro Models

The extracellular secreted protein of Bifidobacterium longum (B. longum) plays an important role in maintaining the homeostasis of the human intestinal microenvironment. However, the mechanism(s) of interaction remain unclear. Lysozyme is a kind of antibacterial peptide. In this study, the amino acid sequence of a lysozyme-like protein of B. longum based on whole-genome data of an isolate from human gut feces was found. We further predicted functional domains from the amino acid sequence, purified the protein, and verified its bioactivity. The growth of some bacteria were significantly delayed by the 020402_LYZ M1 protein. In addition, the gut microbiota was analyzed via high-throughput sequencing of 16S rRNA genes and an in vitro fermentation model, and the fluctuations in the gut microbiota under the treatment of 020402_LYZ M1 protein were characterized. The 020402_LYZ M1 protein affected the composition of human gut microbiota significantly, implying that the protein is able to communicate with intestinal microbes as a regulatory factor.     

昆虫拍翼方式的非定常流动物理再探讨

基于提出的理论模化方法来探讨昆虫拍翼方式的非定常流动物理. 以悬停飞行为 例,通过对拍翼运动的分析,不仅解释了昆虫利用高频拍翼的方式为何能够克服低雷诺数带 来的气动局限性(St \gg 1/Re),而且还指出高升力产生和调节的3个流动 控制因素：(1) 由于拍翼的变速运动即时引起了流体动力响应,这种附加惯性效应 可产生瞬时的高升力; (2) 保持前缘涡不脱离翼面有助于减少升力的下降; (3) 增大后缘涡的强度并加速其脱离后缘能够有效地提高升力.