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81.
82.
We show that the law of propagation of weak discontinuities obtained by A. Jeffrey is in agreement with the Bernoulli's law found by other authors. 相似文献
83.
Abstract In extended thermodynamic the entropy principle and the Galilean invariance dictate respectively constraints for the constitutive
equations and the velocity dependence. The entropy principle in particular requires the existence of a privileged field, the
main field u′, such that the original system becomes symmetric hyperbolic and is generated by four potentials. It is not easy to solve the restrictions of both principles, if we use as field the non convective main
field
and the velocity v. This is due to the fact that
are not independent. Rather its components satisfy three scalar constraints. The aim of this paper is to solve the full problem
using as new strategy to consider
as independent variables and requiring an appropriate differential constraint. This new procedure is very efficient and we
are able to solve the problem of 13 moments in the full non linear case (far from equilibrium). It turns out that the knowledge
of only the equilibrium state function is sufficient to close the system.
Keywords: Extended Thermodynamics, Entropy Principle, Galilean invariance, Rarefied Gas, Hyperbolic systems
Mathematics Subject Classification (2000): 74A20, 76P05, 35l60 相似文献
84.
We present a zero-range pseudopotential applicable for all partial wave interactions between neutral atoms. For p and d waves, we derive effective pseudopotentials, which are useful for problems involving anisotropic external potentials. Finally, we consider two nontrivial applications of the p-wave pseudopotential: we solve analytically the problem of two interacting spin-polarized fermions confined in a harmonic trap, and we analyze the scattering of p-wave interacting particles in a quasi-two-dimensional system. 相似文献
85.
86.
R. Bernabei P. Belli F. Cappella R. Cerulli C. J. Dai A. d’Angelo H. L. He A. Incicchitti H. H. Kuang X. H. Ma F. Montecchia F. Nozzoli D. Prosperi X. D. Sheng Z. P. Ye 《Foundations of Physics》2010,40(7):900-916
The DAMA project is an observatory for rare processes and it is operative deep underground at the Gran Sasso National Laboratory of the I.N.F.N. In particular, the DAMA/LIBRA (Large sodium Iodide Bulk for RAre processes) set-up consists of highly radiopure NaI(Tl) detectors for a total sensitive exposed mass of ?250 kg. Recent results, obtained by this set-up by exploiting the model independent annual modulation signature of Dark Matter (DM) particles, have confirmed and improved those obtained by the former DAMA/NaI experiment. A model independent evidence for the presence of Dark Matter particles in the galactic halo is cumulatively obtained at 8.2?σ C.L. No systematics or side reactions able to account for the measured modulation amplitude and to contemporaneously satisfy all the many specific requirements of the signature have been found or suggested by anyone over more than a decade. An example of one of the many possible model dependent corollary quests for the candidate particles and for the related astrophysical, nuclear and particle physics scenarios is presented considering the whole cumulative exposure. Future perspectives are shortly addressed. 相似文献
87.
Tommaso Rizzo Alejandro Lage-Castellanos Roberto Mulet Federico Ricci-Tersenghi 《Journal of statistical physics》2010,139(3):375-416
We present a general formalism to make the Replica-Symmetric and Replica-Symmetry-Breaking ansatz in the context of Kikuchi’s
Cluster Variational Method (CVM). Using replicas and the message-passing formulation of CVM we obtain a variational expression
of the replicated free energy of a system with quenched disorder, both averaged and on a single sample, and make the hierarchical
ansatz using functionals of functions of fields to represent the messages. We obtain a set of integral equations for the message
functionals. The main difference with the Bethe case is that the functionals appear in the equations in implicit form and
are not positive definite, thus standard iterative population dynamic algorithms cannot be used to determine them. In the
simplest cases the solution could be obtained iteratively using Fourier transforms. 相似文献
88.
We propose a novel realization of Anderson localization in nonequilibrium states of ultracold atoms in an optical lattice. A Rabi pulse transfers part of the population to a different internal state with infinite effective mass. These frozen atoms create a quantum superposition of different disorder potentials, localizing the mobile atoms. For weakly interacting mobile atoms, Anderson localization is obtained. The localization length increases with increasing disorder and decreasing interaction strength, contrary to the expectation for equilibrium localization. 相似文献
89.
The aim of this paper is to show that the procedure of maximum entropy principle for the closure of the moments equations for rarefied monatomic gases can be extended also to polyatomic gases. The main difference with respect to the usual procedure is the existence of two hierarchies of macroscopic equations for moments of suitable distribution function, in which the internal energy of a molecule is taken into account. The field equations for 14 moments of the distribution function, which include dynamic pressure, are derived. The entropy and the entropy flux are shown to be a generalization of the ones for classical Grad’s distribution. The results are in perfect agreement with the recent macroscopic approach of extended thermodynamics for real gases. 相似文献
90.
Domenica Borra Tommaso Lorenzi 《Zeitschrift für Angewandte Mathematik und Physik (ZAMP)》2013,64(3):419-437
This paper presents a hybrid model for opinion formation in a large group of agents exposed to the persuasive action of a small number of strong opinion leaders. The model is defined by coupling a finite difference equation for the dynamics of leaders opinion with a continuous integro-differential equation for the dynamics of the others. Such a definition stems from the idea that the leaders are few and tend to retain original opinions, so that their dynamics occur on a longer time scale with respect to the one of the other agents. A general well-posedness result is established for the initial value problem linked to the model. The asymptotic behavior in time of the related solution is characterized for some general parameter settings, which mimic distinct social scenarios, where different emerging behaviors can be observed. Analytical results are illustrated and extended through numerical simulations. 相似文献