六方稀土氧化物水化和碳酸化产物的振动光谱研究

六方稀土氧化物在空气中极易水化和碳酸化。测定并讨论了光谱纯粉晶ＲＥ２Ｏ３（ＲＥ＝ Ｌａ ,Ｐｒ,Ｎｄ） 样品的Ｒａｍａｎ 光谱、红外光谱及粉晶Ｘ 射线衍射谱。结果表明, 其水化产物为ＲＥ（ＯＨ）３ , 碳酸化产物主要为六方双氧单碳酸盐ＲＥ２Ｏ３ＣＯ３ 以及少量的单氧双碳酸盐ＲＥ２Ｏ（ＣＯ３）２ 和四方ＲＥ２Ｏ２ＣＯ３ 。     

哒嗪酮的乙酰胺类化合物的合成及生物活性

2-叔丁基-4-氯-5-羟基-哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(3)与相应的N-烷基或N,N-二烷基氯乙酰胺(4a-4l)反应,合成了2-叔丁基-5-[(N-烷基或N,N-二烷基乙酰胺)氧基]-4-氯-哒嗪-3(2H)-酮(1a-1l),生物活性测定结果表明部分化合物(1a-1l)具有杀虫活性。     

Origin,evolution,and distribution of atmospheric aerosol particles in Asia

In recent years,Asia became the region with the highest increase in rate of urbanization and economic development in the world.According to recent estimates from the United Nations,the world population will increase 36%between 2000 and 2030,leading to a doubling of the number of urban dwellers in less developed regions,like Asia.Such rapid economic development has many associated environmental problems,including development of heavy aerosol pollution over Asia.Aerosol particles have a direct radiative forcing effect on climate because they scatter and absorb solar and infrared     

一种新的USED CARS相位匹配实现技术

相位匹配是相干反斯托克斯拉曼散射(CARS)测温的关键技术之一,针对现有非稳腔空间增强探测(USED)相位匹配方式中存在的背景辐射大、光路调试不灵活以及斯托克斯光利用率低的不足,提出了一种新的USED CARS相位匹配实现方案：即设计一个与斯托克斯光斑大小相当、呈45°斜角的斜反镜,用于反射全部斯托克斯光,并以斜反镜代替传统USED CARS中的环反镜,让泵浦光从斜反镜后方射入,从而形成USED相位匹配方式。新的USED CARS相位匹配方案中：由于斜反镜面积相对于环反镜大为减小,使得因反射而进入光路的背景辐射大幅降低;斜反镜本身可作为光路调节元件,因而增加了光路调试灵活度;斯托克斯光被斜反镜全部反射用于产生CARS信号,提高了其利用效率。基于平面火焰炉稳态火焰开展的测温实验结果表明：新的USED CARS相位匹配方案不但克服了传统USED CARS中存在的不足,而且具有更小的标准差,是一种更为有效的相位匹配方法。     

软骨藻酸作用蛋白质的亲和毛细管电泳筛选

基于亲和毛细管电泳,定性比较了血浆、肠道及细胞线粒体中所选的9种重要功能蛋白质与神经毒性生物毒素--软骨藻酸(domoic acid, DA)的相互作用。以DA淌度比变化量 Δ M与蛋白质浓度L作图,根据斜率值大小可比较DA与蛋白质作用的相对强弱。结果如下:可与DA相互作用的有6种蛋白质,作用强弱为:人凝血酶 > 细胞色素C≈胰蛋白酶≈免疫球蛋白E (Ig E) ≈核糖核酸酶A > λ 核酸外切酶;而铁蛋白、转铁蛋白、凝集素与DA未表现出相互作用和亲和力。实验表明,亲和毛细管电泳具有高效、快速、所需样品量低的优点,可用于DA作用靶蛋白的筛选,为DA的毒性机制研究和毒性防护提供基础信息。     

Influence of the illumination on the subband structure and?occupation in AlxGa1?xN/GaN heterostructures

The subband structure and occupation in the triangular quantum well at Al _x Ga_1−x N/GaN heterointerfaces have been investigated by means of temperature dependent Shubnikov–de Haas (SdH) measurements at low temperatures and high magnetic fields under illumination. After the illumination of the heterostructures, the total two-dimensional electron gas concentration increases, and the SdH oscillation amplitudes are enhanced when there is no additional subband occupation. It is also found that the energy separation between the subbands decreases after the illumination. We suggest that the illumination decreases the electric field and thus weakens the quantum confinement of the triangular quantum well at Al _x Ga_1−x N/GaN heterointerfaces. The GaN layer is thought to be the primary contributor of the excited electrons by the illumination.     

Molecular Dynamics Simulation of Icosahedral Transformations in Solid Cu-Co Clusters

We study the icosahedral transformations of solid Cu Co clusters with different initial configurations by using molecular dynamics with the embedded atom method. It is found that the formation of symmetric icosahedral cluster is strongly related to the atomic number and initial configuration. The transformation originates from the surface into the interior of the cluster and is a structural change which is rapid and diffusionless. The icosahedral clusters with any composition and configuration, such as core-shell or three-shell duster, can be prepared by the means of solid-solid phase transition in bimetallic clusters.     

积分微分方程的一个高精度导数恢复公式

A highly accurate derivative recovery formula is presented for the korder finite element approximations to integro-differential equations. This formula possesses O(h^k l) order of superconvergence on the whole domain in L∞ norm and O(h^2k) order of ultraconvergence at the mesh points, respectively, and the same type of results are demonstrated for the semi-discrete finite element approximates solutions of Sobolev equations.     

利用BP神经网络光谱分类法研究肉品新鲜度

利用自行设计的一种光纤探头式生物表面光谱测试系统 ,对肉品进行测量。建立用于肉品新鲜度的自动分类和识别的 BP神经网络 ,准确率达到 93.3%。试验表明 ,利用光谱分析法测量肉品的新鲜度快捷、准确 ,可用于实际肉品检测     

Increasing the accuracy of mass isotopomer analysis through calibration curves constructed using biologically synthesized compounds

Mass isotopomer analysis is an important technique to measure the production and flow of metabolites in living cells, tissues, and organisms. This technique depends on accurate quantifications of different mass isotopomers using mass spectrometry. Constructing calibration curves using standard samples is the most universal approach to convert raw mass spectrometry measurements into quantitative distributions of mass isotopomers. Calibration curve approach has been, however, of very limited use in comprehensive analyses of biological systems, mainly suffering from the lack of extensive range of standard samples with accurately known isotopic enrichment. Here, we present a biological method capable of synthesizing specifically labeled amino acids. These amino acids have well‐determined and estimable mass isotopomer distributions and thus can serve as standard samples. In this method, the bacterium strain Methylobacterium salsuginis sp. nov. was cultivated with partially ¹³C‐labeled methanol as the only carbon source to produce ¹³C‐enriched compounds. We show that the mass isotopomer distributions of the various biosynthesized amino acids are well determined and can be reasonably estimated based on proposed binomial approximation if the labeling state of the biomass reached an isotopic steady state. The interference of intramolecular inhomogeneity of ¹³C isotope abundances caused by biological isotope fractionation was eliminated by estimating average ¹³C isotope abundance. Further, the predictions are tested experimentally by mass spectrometry (MS) spectra of the labeled glycine, alanine, and aspartic acid. Most of the error in mass spectrometry measurements was less than 0.74 mol% in the test case, significantly reduced as compared with uncalibrated results, and this error is expected to be less than 0.4 mol% in real experiment as revealed by theoretical analysis. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.