Spatial pattern formations in diffusive predator-prey systems with non-homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions

A reaction-diffusion predator-prey system with non-homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions describes the persistence of predator and prey species on the boundary. Compared with homogeneous Neumann boundary conditions, the former conditions may prompt or prevent the spatial patterns produced through diffusion-induced instability. The spatial pattern formation induced by non-homogeneous Dirichlet boundary conditions is characterized by the Turing type linear instability of homogeneous state and bifurcation theory. Furthermore, transient spatiotemporal behaviors are observed through numerical simulations.     

基于漂移阶跃恢复二极管开关的脉冲源仿真计算

介绍了新型半导体开关漂移阶跃恢复二极管(DSRD)的工作原理和特性,总结了基于半导体开关器件的脉冲源的发展现状及应用。基于DSRD的等效模型,建立了其正反向泵浦电路的仿真模型,按照输出电压参数的要求,对主储能电感、初级储能电感的取值进行了仿真计算分析,并得到了主回路各元件参数的最优值。通过仿真分析了MOSFET漏源端寄生电容与限压并联电容对输出参数的影响,得到了限压并联电容最优值为0.2 nF,通过计算与仿真得到隔直电容的最优值为100 pF。研制了一款可连续输出的脉冲功率源,其重复频率为1 MHz,脉冲前沿等于680 ps(20%~90%),电压幅值2 kV,半高宽1.5 ns。     

伴随粒子法检测隐藏爆炸物安检仪研发

为应对日益增长的恐怖活动, 研制了基于伴随粒子的中子飞行时间技术的隐藏爆炸物安全检测仪。介绍了该安检仪检测的工作原理,详细阐述了安检仪的伴随粒子探测器的DT中子管、屏蔽系统、支撑平台、阵列探测器、信号获取和处理系统、数据库、传输装置及外壳的研制过程。利用研制的安检仪对常用炸药和化学战剂进行了检测,结果表明该安检仪可以满足实际应用的需求。该仪器不仅可以用于安检通道内的爆炸物检测,通过训练也可以用于毒品和危化品的检测。     

强电场中的脉冲束流强度测量方法

针对强电场中电场渗透的问题,采用特殊的法拉第筒法测量脉冲束流强度：在法拉第筒入口处用栅网屏蔽强电场,并用在收集板上加正压的方式抑制二次电子。采用解析计算和数值模拟方式对栅网的形状进行了选择,在同样的栅网丝宽和透过率的前提下,通过正六边形栅网的渗透电场最弱,因此选择正六边形栅网。将设计的法拉第筒用于一台真空弧离子源的束流强度测量,获得了该离子源的束流强度波形,其峰值流强约为550 mA;利用测量结果计算了混合离子束在Cu收集板上的二次电子发射系数,约为2.0。     

Al2O3：Cr荧光屏Fen+束流面分布诊断

为满足加速器束流诊断的特殊要求,对束流面分布诊断方法进行了研究,建立了一套基于荧光屏的离子束流面分布测量装置。采用Fen+(n=5~12)离子束流对测量装置进行了实验检验,结果表明,在几十至上百nA量级束流强度Fen+离子束的轰击下,面分布图像产生了饱和现象。进一步的实验结果表明,饱和现象是由荧光屏发光的光强过强造成的,采用特别研制的具有光强衰减和滤波功能的成像光路可以解决光强饱和的问题。在低束流条件下,面分布图像的灰度值与束流强度呈近似的线性关系,对这种线性关系产生的原因进行了具体的分析。     

美式债券期权定价问题的有限元方法

The aim of this paper is to investigate the finite element methods for pricing the American put option on bonds. Based on a new variational inequality equation for the option pricing problems, both semidiscrete and fully discretized finite element approximation schemes are established. It is proved that the finite element methods are stable and convergent under L2 and H^1 norms.     

求总极值的区间压缩方法

对求解无约束最优化问题 ,本文给出了一个区间压缩方法 .应用此方法能使函数值按几何级数收敛于 f (x)的极小值 ,并且计算量远小于郑权等人方法的计算量     

NO_2对Cu/SAPO-34分子筛催化剂上NH_3选择性催化还原NO性能的影响

主要考察了NO2对Cu/SAPO-34分子筛催化剂在整个温度范围内(100-500°C)NH3选择性催化还原(SCR)NO性能的影响.研究所使用样品为新鲜Cu/SAPO-34催化剂在750°C下水热处理4 h的稳定期样品.通过X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)对样品的结构以及形貌进行表征,采用SCR活性评价、动力学实验以及原位漫反射傅里叶变换红外光谱(in situ-DRIFTS)表征催化剂的性能以及催化剂表面物种的变化.活性评价实验结果表明,NO2会抑制催化剂的低温(100-280°C)活性,但其存在会提高催化剂的高温(280°C以上)活性.与此同时,随着反应物中NO/NO2的摩尔比例减少,由于NH4NO3物种的分解,副产物(N2O)的浓度增大.动力学结果表明,Cu/SAPO-34催化剂上快速SCR反应的表观活化能(Ea=64.02 kJ?mol-1)比标准SCR反应的表观活化能(Ea=48.00 kJ?mol-1)更大.In situ-DRIFTS实验结果表明NO比NO2更容易在催化剂表面形成硝酸盐,并且NO2更容易与吸附在Br?nsted酸性位上的NH3物种反应生成NH4NO3.低温下,催化剂表面的NH4NO3物种会覆盖SCR反应的活性位,造成活性降低,但在高温时,形成的NH4NO3物种一部分会被NO还原为N2,而另一部分会直接热分解为N2O,造成催化剂的选择性降低.     

Construction of Supramolecular Assemblies from Self‐Organization of Amphiphilic Molecular Isomers

Amphiphilic coil‐rod‐coil molecules, incorporating flexible and rigid blocks, have a strong affinity to self‐organize into various supramolecular aggregates in bulk and in aqueous solutions. In this paper, we report the self‐assembling behavior of amphiphilic coil‐rod‐coil molecular isomers. These molecules consist of biphenyl and phenyl units connected by ether bonds as the rod segment, and poly(ethylene oxide) (PEO) with a degree of polymerization of 7 and 12 as the flexible chains. Their aggregation behavior was investigated by differential scanning calorimetry, thermal optical polarized microscopy, small‐angle X‐ray scattering spectroscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. The results imply that the molecular structure of the rod building block and the length of the PEO chains dramatically influence the creation of supramolecular aggregates in bulk and in aqueous solutions. In the bulk state, these molecules self‐organize into a hexagonal perforated lamellar and an oblique columnar structure, respectively, depending on the sequence of the rod building block. In aqueous solution, the molecule with a linear rod segment self‐assembles into sheet‐like nanoribbons. In contrast, its isomer, with a rod building block substituted at the meta‐position of the aryl group, self‐organizes into nanofibers. This is achieved through the control of the non‐covalent interactions of the rod building blocks.     

铜离子交换分子筛上NO吸附的IR光谱及TPD研究

采用原位IR光谱及TPD技术研究了NO在铜离子交换分子筛上各种表面物种的生成及脱附,并与NO在Cu-ZSM-5上的分解反应性能相关联,考察了Cu-ZSM-5反应活性高的原因及O₂的生成机理。NO的吸附状态随分子筛母体种类及铜离子交换度的不同而变化,交换度较高的ZSM-5催化剂上容易形成NO-3物种,该物种对NO分解及O₂的生成具有重要作用。