On local optima in multiobjective combinatorial optimization problems

In this article, local optimality in multiobjective combinatorial optimization is used as a baseline for the design and analysis of two iterative improvement algorithms. Both algorithms search in a neighborhood that is defined on a collection of sets of feasible solutions and their acceptance criterion is based on outperformance relations. Proofs of the soundness and completeness of these algorithms are given.     

Direct fission versus sequential evaporation mechanism of sputtered caesium iodide cluster ions

A triple stage hybrid mass spectrometer was scanned for the trapping of the reaction intermediates of the over-all loss of two CsI-moieties from size-selected caesium iodide cluster ions of the general formula Cs (CsI)⁺ _n . In addition to appropriate MS/MS/MS-methods an electrically floated collision cell has been applied to trap intermediates of unimolecular and collision-induced evaporations. In comparison with other experimental findings the features of the evaporation mechanism are discussed.     

Mössbauer and infrared spectroscopic studies of novel mixed valence states in cobaltous ferrocyanides and ferricyanides

Novel mixed valence states have been obtained by the treatment of cobaltous ferrocyanides (Co⁺²Fe^II) and ferricyanides (Co⁺²Fe^III) in an ozone flow. The CN stretching bands occur at 2085 cm^–1 for Co⁺²Fe^II and at 2160 cm^–1 for Co⁺²Fe^III. After the ozonization process of Co⁺²Fe^II, an intense band approximately at 2125 cm^–1 is detected. This intermediate band must correspond to a mixed valence state of the type: Fe^II–CN–Co²⁺–NC–Fe^III Mössbauer spectra recorded in situ during the ozonization of Co⁺²Fe^II show the presence of two components: a doublet with isomer shift and quadrupole splitting values close to the cobalti ferricyanide and a very broad line for the mixed valence state. From the Mössbauer and infrared spectra of the aged samples of the Co⁺²Fe^II after ozonization, a relaxation process to the initial state of the samples is observed but the mixed valence state is stable.     

Calculus I: The first derivative of pseudoisotopy theory

Let P be the (stable, smooth) pseudoisotopy space of the space X. For any map Y: YX of spaces, we identify the homotopy type of the fiber of P(f): P(f) P(f) in a stable range, roughly twice the connectivity of the map YX. We establish some language for discussing and manipulating such stable-range relative calculations for any homotopy functor. The theorem about P has a corollary about Waldhausen's A. Dedicated to Alexander GrothendieckResearch supported in part by NSF grant DMS-8806444 and by a Sloan Fellowship. Research at MSRI supported in part by NSF grant DMS-8505550.