CONVERGENCE OF SIMPLIFIED AND STABILIZED MIXED ELEMENT FORMATS BASED ON BUBBLE FUNCTION FOR THE STOKES PROBLEM

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EFFECTS OF GAS TYPE AND TEMPERATURE ON FINE PARTICLE FLUIDIZATION

The influence of gas type (helium and argon) and bed temperature (77-473 K) on the fluidization behaviour of Geldart groups C and A particles was investigated. For both types of particles tested, i.e., Al2O3 (4.8 μm) and glass beads (39 μm), the fluidization quality in different gases shows the following priority sequence: Ar＞He. In the same gaseous atmosphere, the particles when fluidized at an elevated temperature usually show larger bed voidages, higher bed pressure drops, and a lower umf for the group A powder, all indicating an enhancement in fluidization quality. Possible mechanisms governing the operations of gas type and temperature in influencing the fluidization behaviours of fine particles have been discussed with respect to the changes in both gas properties and interparticle forces (on the basis of the London-van der Waals theory). Gas viscosity (varying significantly with gas-type and temperature) proves to be the key parameter that influences the bed pressure drops and umf in fluidization of fine particles, while the interparticle forces (also varying with gas-type and temperature) may play an important role in fine-particle fluidization by affecting the expansion behaviour of the particle-bed.     

Electrogenerated Fe(I) Porphyrins: Efficient Electrocatalysts for Reductive Dechlorination of DDT in N,N′‐Dimethylformamide

Two iron(I) porphyrins were electrogenerated and then utilized as catalysts for the reductive dechlorination of 1,1‐bis(4‐chlorophenyl)‐2,2,2‐trichloroethane (DDT) in N,N′‐dimethylformamide. No reaction is observed between DDT and the Fe(III) or Fe(II) forms of the porphyrin, but the electrogenerated Fe(I) porphyrin efficiently catalyzes the electroreduction of DDT to give (1,1‐bis(4‐chlorophenyl)‐2,2‐dichloroethane) DDD, (1,1‐bis(4‐chlorophenyl)‐2,2‐dichloroethylene) DDE and (1,1‐bis(4‐chlorophenyl)‐2‐dichloroethane) DDMU as determined by GC‐MS analysis. The reductive dechlorination was monitored by electrochemistry, controlled potential electrolysis and spectroelectrochemistry and a mechanism for the reaction involving the reduced porphyrins and DDT is proposed. Comparisons are also made between the catalytic properties of metalloporphyrins containing iron, cobalt and manganese central metal ions under the same solution conditions.     

Elucidation of chiral recognition processes of macrocyclic antibiotic vancomycin

A theoretical investigation was carried out on the retention and separation of enantiomeric molecules including nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, anti-neoplastic compounds and N-derivatized amino acids by capillary electrophoresis using macrocyclic antibiotics, a new class of chiral selectors, as stationary phase. Firstly docking methods were used to study the enantiorecognition in chiral electrophoresis. The molecular dynamics simulations of the two diastereoisomer complexes were then performed in order to understand how these antibiotics recognize the enantiomers. Another approach was applied in this study to establish a quantitative structure-enantioselectivity relationship (QSER) model, able to describe the resolution of a series of chiral compounds in capillary electrophoresis using vancomycin as the resolving agent.     

A Lightweight Semi-quantum E‑payment Protocol Based on Blockchain

International Journal of Theoretical Physics - How to apply E-payment based on quantum cryptography to our daily life is a significant problem. Inspired by the semi-quantum protocols, we present a...     

Counter-current flame propagation in a cylindrical bed of activated carbon saturated with artificial volatile matter in an upward flow of O2/N2 mixture

A counter-current flame propagation process, or traverse combustion, in a cylindrical bed packed with activated carbon (AC) saturated with artificial volatiles was studied experimentally to appreciate the effect of homogenous volatile oxidation in the combustion process of packed solid. The experiments were conducted with an upward flow of a 50/50 v/v O₂/N₂ mixture. Flame propagation velocity and total carbon consumption during traverse combustion period, from ignition to the time when the flame propagated to the bed bottom, were determined. Ethanol, isooctane and benzene, were used respectively as the artificial volatile. Results show that compared to the case of AC alone, the flame propagation velocity was reduced while the combustion duration extended in the presence of volatile. The visible gas phase flame due to homogeneous volatile combustion traversed in the opposite direction of the oxidizing gas stream, competing with heterogeneous carbon oxidation for available oxygen. The proportion of oxygen consumed by homogeneous oxidation was the highest for ethanol, up to 87–94%, while isooctane and benzene accounted for 30–65% and 27–63%, respectively. Despite the competing homogeneous volatile combustion, the total amount of carbon consumed in the heterogeneous carbon oxidation was even increased in the cases of isooctane and benzene due to the extended combustion durations and relatively higher proportions of O₂ consumed by heterogeneous carbon oxidation than in the ethanol case.     

Fluorescein-bridged Perylene Bisimide Dimer for Use as Liquid Crystal: Studies on Mesomorphic and Fluorescence Properties

Journal of Fluorescence - A novel fluorescein-bridged perylene bisimide (PBI) dimer for liquid crystal (LC) with geometrically symmetric structure was developed. The mesomorphic results indicated...     

Point Cloud Geometry Compression Based on Multi-Layer Residual Structure

Point cloud data are extensively used in various applications, such as autonomous driving and augmented reality since it can provide both detailed and realistic depictions of 3D scenes or objects. Meanwhile, 3D point clouds generally occupy a large amount of storage space that is a big burden for efficient communication. However, it is difficult to efficiently compress such sparse, disordered, non-uniform and high dimensional data. Therefore, this work proposes a novel deep-learning framework for point cloud geometric compression based on an autoencoder architecture. Specifically, a multi-layer residual module is designed on a sparse convolution-based autoencoders that progressively down-samples the input point clouds and reconstructs the point clouds in a hierarchically way. It effectively constrains the accuracy of the sampling process at the encoder side, which significantly preserves the feature information with a decrease in the data volume. Compared with the state-of-the-art geometry-based point cloud compression (G-PCC) schemes, our approach obtains more than 70–90% BD-Rate gain on an object point cloud dataset and achieves a better point cloud reconstruction quality. Additionally, compared to the state-of-the-art PCGCv2, we achieve an average gain of about 10% in BD-Rate.     

Polyacrylonitrile/Aminated Polymeric Nanosphere Nanofibers as Efficient Adsorbents for Cr(VI) Removal

In this work, polyacrylonitrile/aminated polymeric nanosphere (PAN/APN) nanofibers were prepared by electrospinning of monodispersed aminated polymeric nanospheres (APNs) for removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solution. Characterization results showed that obtained PAN/APNs possessed nitrogen functionalization. Furthermore, the adsorption application results indicated that PAN/APN nanofibers exhibited a high adsorption capacity of 556 mg/g at 298 K for Cr(VI) removal. The kinetic data showed that the adsorption process fits the pseudo-second order. A thermodynamic study revealed that the adsorption of Cr(VI) was spontaneous and endothermic. The coexisting ions Na⁺, Ca²⁺, K⁺, Cl⁻, NO₃⁻ and PO₄³⁻ had little influence on Cr(VI) adsorption, while SO₄²⁻ in solution dramatically decreased the removal performance. In the investigation of the removal mechanism, relative results indicated that the adsorption behavior possibly involved electrostatic adsorption, redox reaction and chelation. PAN/APN nanofibers can detoxify Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and subsequently chelate Cr(III) on its surface. The unique structure and nitrogen functionalization of PAN/APN nanofibers make them novel and prospective candidates in heavy metal removal.