Synthesis and properties of two novel copolymers based on squaraine and fluorene units for solar cell materials

Two novel copolymers based on squaraine and fluorine units have been synthesized through palladium catalyzed Suzuki coupling reaction and Sonogashira coupling reaction,respectively.The structures and properties of the two copolymers were characterized by FT-IR.NMR,UV-vis absorbance（Abs）,gel permeation chromatography（GPC）,thermal gravimetric analysis （TGA）,differential scanning calorimetry（DSC） and cyclic voltammetry（CV）.The solution absorption spectrums of P₁ and P₂ show two distinct absorption bands,one locates at 300-500 nm and the other at 600-800 nm.The absorption spectrums of P₁ and P₂ in films are broadened obviously and the spectral responses are extended up to 900 nm.Thermal gravimetric analysis demonstrates that the polymers are stable.Cyclic voltammetry experiment shows that the band gaps of the copolymers are 1.65 eV and 1.67 eV. respectively,suggesting their potential for applications as solar cells materials.     

Multiple charge ion beam generation with a 2.45 GHz electron cyclotron resonance ion source

<正>Multiple charge ions (MCIs) are necessary for increasing the output energy of particles in accelerators. In general, MCI beams are largely produced by electron beam ion source (EBIS) [1], laser ion source (LIS) [2], or high-frequency (mostly 5 GHz) electron cyclotron resonance (ECR) ion source [3]. Among these, only ECR ion source can operate in the continuous wave (CW) mode, while EBIS and LIS only support pulses. In addition, ECR ion source with lower frequency (mostly 2.45 GHz) are required primarily for generating single charge state ions, because the corresponding ECR field (875 Gs) is not sufficiently strong for MCI generation [4].     

Depth-Encoded Spectral Domain Phase Microscopy for Simultaneous Multi-Site Nanoscale Optical Measurements

Spectral domain phase microscopy (SDPM) is an extension of spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT) that exploits the extraordinary phase stability of spectrometer-based systems with common-path geometry to resolve sub-wavelength displacements within a sample volume. This technique has been implemented for high resolution axial displacement and velocity measurements in biological samples, but since axial displacement information is acquired serially along the lateral dimension, it has been unable to measure fast temporal dynamics in extended samples. Depth-Encoded SDPM (DESDPM) uses multiple sample arms with unevenly spaced common path reference reflectors to multiplex independent SDPM signals from separate lateral positions on a sample simultaneously using a single interferometer, thereby reducing the time required to detect unique optical events to the integration period of the detector. Here, we introduce DESDPM and demonstrate the ability to acquire useful phase data concurrently at two laterally separated locations in a phantom sample as well as a biological preparation of spontaneously beating chick cardiomyocytes. DESDPM may be a useful tool for imaging fast cellular phenomena such as nervous conduction velocity or contractile motion.     

决策树分类模型在工程项目评标风险预警中的应用

本文将数据挖掘中的决策树分类方法运用到工程项目评标数据分析,从200多个天津市工程项目招投标打分数据中,随机抽取15个招投标项目中的67个承包商的评标专家打分数据进行分析,得到中标承包商技术和商务评分分界点,进而得到工程项目潜在风险的预警阈值,然后借助因子分析辨识出风险来源并进行预警。     

Numerical simulation of core convection by a multi-layer semi-implicit spherical spectral method

A semi-implicit multi-layer spherical spectral method for simulating stellar core convection is described. The fully compressible three-dimensional hydrodynamic equations with rotation and energy generation are solved. Prognostic variables are expressed as finite sums of spherical harmonics in the horizontal directions and handled by the finite difference method in the radial direction. The stratified approximation is used to simplify the nonlinearity to quadratic. A multi-layer scheme is employed to overcome the time step problem arising from shrinking grid sizes in the physical space near the center of the star. Despite of the different spectral truncations in different layers, round-off conservation of the total mass and total angular momentum of the whole domain can be maintained, and were confirmed numerically. The code is parallelized; with 12 processors the speedup factor is about 9. The solutions of model core convection with and without rotation are discussed.     

Wetting process of electrolyte in high density Cu/Sn micro-bumps electrodepositing

Wetting process of electrolyte in high density Cu/Sn micro-bumps electrodepositing is reported in this paper. Three methods were adopted to enable electrolyte to permeate photo-etching micro-holes with high aspect ratio, including plasma treatment, adding wetting additive in electrolyte and mechanical action. Wettability of the samples with electrolyte was improved by the first two methods, according to contact angle and surface tension measurement. However, electrolyte still cannot reach up to the bottom of micro-hole. And then, electrolyte was subjected to mechanical action, including agitation and ultrasonic vibration. Under mechanical action, void free Cu/Sn micro-bumps fabrication was achieved in photo-etching micro-holes with depth of 60 μm and radius of 30 μm. At last, we proposed a model to show wetting process of electrolyte in photo-etching micro-holes.     

矩形毛细微槽中三角形区域接触线特性的研究

利用CCD和宽视场体视显微镜相结合的技术,拍摄了矩形毛细微槽内液体工质在三角形区域的润湿图像,并进行了图像处理,研究结果表明:随着热流密度的增加,三角形区域内的三相接触线向微槽底角收缩,导致三相接触线的长度减小,液膜厚度减小;随着微槽深度的增加,三角形区域的接触线长度减小;随着微槽宽度和倾斜角度的增加,三角形区域内的接触线长度增加,液膜厚度增加.