Cyclic esters of aliphatic diacids with pyrocatechol and hydroquinone

Cyclic esters of adipic acid, suberic acid and sebacic acid were prepared by reaction of the acid dichlorides and pyrocatechol or hydroquinone in benzene under high dilution conditions. While only the cyclic dimers could be obtained from hydroquinone, pyrocatechol formed cyclic monomers as well as cyclic dimers (and also a cyclic dimer with succinic acid). The structure of all compounds was confirmed by¹H-NMR- and mass spectra. The crystal structures of the pyrocatechol esters were determined by single crystal X-ray analysis.

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Cyclische Ester aliphatischer Dicarbonsäuren mit Brenzcatechin und Hydrochinon

Zusammenfassung Es wurden cyclische Ester von Adipinsäure, Korksäure und Sebacinsäure durch Reaktion der entsprechenden Säure-Dichloride mit Brenzcatechin oder Hydrochinon bei hoher Verdünnung hergestellt. Während mit Hydrochinon lediglich die cyclischen Dimeren erhalten werden konnten, wurden mit Brenzcatechin sowohl cyclische Monomere als auch cyclische Dimere erhalten (ebenfalls das cyclische Dimer mit Bernsteinsäure). Die Strukturen wurden mittels¹H-NMR und Massenspektren gesichert. Die Kristallstrukturen der Brenzcatechin-Ester wurden mittels Röntgenstrukturanalyse bestimmt.

     

Multiple fluorescence spectra and stable encapsulation of 7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin and rhodamine 6g in silicate glasses by the sol-gel method

7-Hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin(4-methylumbelliferone, HMC) and Rhodamine 6G(R6G) were encapsulated into silicate polymeric glass prepared by the sol-gel method under acidic, basic, and neutral conditions from tetraethyl orthosilicate. The fluorescence spectra of these molecules encapsulated into the xerogel state depend on the used catalysts. Three types of fluorescence emissions having peak wavelengths of ca. 390 nm, 470 nm, and 550 run, respectively, were observed simultaneously in the xerogel state composed of HMC and R6G which were prepared by acid catalysts. The encapsulated HMC remains stable for more than one year in the prepared xerogel. The results open the way to the development of simultaneous three-band laser emissions. The observation of the fluorescence spectrum of HMC is useful for a molecular level photophysical probe elucidating the structural changes oftetraethyl orthosilicate during sol to gel to xerogel transitions.     

Imaging of the bronchial blood flow usingg RI-angiography--study on its procedure and application of dual radioisotope technique (author's transl)

RI-angiography with 99mTcO4- was carried out using a scintillation camera with a digital minicomputer for the purpose of imaging of bronchial blood flow in various lung diseases, and as application of dual radioisotope techniques, other imagings such as tumor imaging with 197HgCl2 or 67Ga-citrate and/or perfusion imaging with 99mTc-MAA, were performed simultaneously in patients remaining the same position, too. The image as a iso-count map extracted out of the image of 197HgCl2, 67Ga-citrate or 99mTc-MAA, was superimposed to the brightness image of RI-anigogram (aortic phase). By these procedures, the image of bronchial blood flow were obtained in some patients with lung cancer, pulmonary tuberculosis, lung abscess, and chronic bronchitis. The dual radioisotope techniques using RI-angiography and the other imaging were useful to make isotope diagnosis of lung diseases more reliable, and the image superimposition methods using RI-angiogram and the image of tumor or perfusion, were useful to improve anatomic orientation of the former.     

Purification of Food Color Red No. 106 (acid red) using pH-zone-refining counter-current chromatography

pH-Zone-refining counter-current chromatography was successfully applied to the separation of the main components of Food Color Red No. 106 (R-106, acid red, Color Index No. 45100). A 300-mg quantity of sample was separated using the following two-phase solvent system: n-butanol-water, 40 mM sulfuric acid in organic stationary phase and 30 mM ammonia in aqueous mobile phase. The obtained fractions were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry. The separation yielded 261.9 mg of main component of acid red with purity of 99.9%.     

A novel class of inhibitors for human steroid 5alpha-reductase: synthesis and biological evaluation of indole derivatives. II

In a search for novel nonsteroidal inhibitors of human prostatic 5alpha-reductase, we found a new series of indole derivatives that showed potent inhibitory activities for the human enzyme. Among them, 4-[(1-benzyl-1H-indol-5-yl)oxyl-3-chlorobenzoic acid (2d, YM-32906) showed more potent inhibitory activity than finasteride with an IC50 value of 0.44 nM. 3-Chloro-4-[[1-(4-phenoxybenzyl)-1H-indol-5-yl]oxy]benzoic acid (2m) showed inhibitory activities for both human and rat prostatic 5alpha-reductase with IC50 values of 2.1 and 73 nM, respectively. The synthesis and structure-activity relationships of these indole derivatives are presented.     

57Fe Mössbauer study of FeNx (x=0.25≈0.91) alloys

⁵⁷Fe Mössbauer measurements have been perforned at the first time on iron nitrides, FeN_x(x>0.5), films prepared by rf sputtering and the measurements for γ-FeN_0.09, γ'-Fe₄N, ε-Fe_2–3N and ζ-Fe₂N have been also performed. Two new phases for x>0.5 have been identified: One has a ZnS-type structure denoted by γ" Another phase is denoted by γ''' in which iron atoms constitute a fcc lattice but the details of occupation sites of nitrogen atoms are not yet clear. The isomer shift of γ" relative to α-Fe at 300 K is rather small in comparison with that of other well known nitrides. The roam temperature Mössbauer spectra of γ''' consist of a sum of two doublets. Mössbauer spectra of γ" at 10 K do not indicate magnetically split pattern, but those of γ''' show magnetically split patterns at 10 K with the hyperfine fields of 30 T and 48 T, respectively. The component of 48 T is due to oxides, not due to nitrides.     

Preparation of new nitrogen-bridged heterocycles. 54.increased arene-arene interactions of 3-(bicyclic and tricyclic arylmethylthio)thieno[3,4-b]indolizine derivatives

Some thieno[3,4-b]indolizine derivatives having a 1-naphthylmethylthio, 2-methyl-1-naphthylmethylthio, 2-naphthylmethylthio, or 9-anthrylmethylthio group at the 3-position were prepared and their intramolecular arene-arene interactions were investigated. In comparison with 3-(methylthio)thieno[3,4-b]indolizines which have no such interactions, the (1)H-NMR spectra of title compounds showed large high-field shifts (delta 0.06-0.89 ppm) for the protons of the pyridine ring in the thieno[3,4-b]indolizine, and these values were considerably larger than those (delta <0.3 ppm) in 3-(benzylthio)thieno[3,4-b]indolizines. The UV spectra also exhibited a characteristic absorption band near 425 nm attributable to the arene-arene interaction. In the X-ray analyses of some compounds, however, the presence of both the gauche and the anti conformers at the sulfide spacer were confirmed.     

A plug and play microfluidic device

Chip-to-world interface is a major issue in the field of microfluidics and its applications. We developed a plug and play microfluidic device composed of a fluid driving unit and a polymer chip containing microfluidic channels and reservoirs. The one and only connection of the device to the external world is a set of electric control lines for the driving unit. Just putting the reagents and samples onto the reservoirs, the chip can be operated for chemical or biochemical reaction and analysis. We demonstrate here that silicon-based micropumps embedded in the present device allow us to achieve flexible fluidic manipulations with minimum time delay and dead volume.