Thermally stable organic electroluminescent device using novel amorphous molecular charge-transport materials, 4,4′,4“-tris[bis(4′-tert-butyl-biphenyl-4-yl)amino]triphenylamine and 4,4,4“-tri(n-carbazolyl)triphenylamine

For the purpose of developing an amorphous molecular material with a high glass-transition temperature (Tg) and a low ionization potential for use as a charge-transport layer in organic electroluminescent (EL) devices, a novel starburst molecule, 4,4′,4“-tris[bis(4′-tert-butylbiphenyl-4-yl)amino]triphenylamine (t-Bu-TBATA), was designed and synthesized. t-Bu-TBATA was found to form readily a stable glass with a Tg of 203 °C. A multilayer EL device consisting of double hole-transport layers of t-Bu-TBATA and 4,4′,4“-tri(N-carbazolyl)triphenylamine and an emitting layer of tris(8-quinolinolato)aluminum was fabricated and its performances were examined. The device was found to exhibit good performances and to be thermally stable, operating even at 170 °C.     

Adsorption and interface accumulation of aquasol and organosol carbon particles labeled with99mTc

Aerosol particles of^99mTc-labeled carbon were prepared by sublimation and introduced in various liquid media. The adsorption of the aquasol and organosol particles were studied for various adsorbing substances and media, with the effect of surface treatment and voltage application. The particles often accumulated at the aqueous-organic interface, and also on the vessel surface in the presence of both aqueous and organic phases. The distribution of the particles was examined by a gamma-camera for different organic phases under various concentrations of electrolytes in the aqueous phase.     

Did Arsenic Contamination in the Inagawa River Occur in Geogenic Relation to the Great Hanshin (Kobe) Earthquake of 1995?

Arsenic contamination in river and ground water was investigated in the Inagawa area of Kansai district, Japan, from August to October, 1995. Arsenic has been continually detected at a level about 2 times higher than the environmental standard in the two tributaries of the Inagawa River, i.e. the Kimo and the Shio Rivers. The arsenic contamination was probably caused by the topographical change after the Great Hanshin Earthquake.     

SBLI control for wings and inlets

Flow control can be applied to shock wave/boundary layer interactions to achieve two different goals;the delay of shock-induced separation and/or the reduction ofstagnation pressure losses, which cause wave drag or inletinefficiencies. This paper introduces the principles and maintechniques for both approaches and assesses their relativesuitability for practical applications. While boundary layersuction is already in wide use for separation control, themost promising novel device is the micro-vortex generator,which can deliver similar benefits to traditional vortex generatorsat much reduced device drag. Shock control is notyet used on practical applications for a number of reasons,but recent research has focused on three-dimensional deviceswhich promise to deliver flow control with improved offdesignbehaviour. Furthermore, there are some indicationsthat a new generation of control devices may be able to combinethe benefits of shock and boundary layer control andreduce shock-induced stagnation pressure losses as well asdelay shock-induced separation.     

Study of Zeolite Molecular Sieves for Production of Oxygen by Using Pressure Swing Adsorption

Adsorption of nitrogen on Li or Ca exchanged Faujasite at various Si/Al mole ratios (1.00, 1.23, and 1.69) and exchange levels (0 to nearly 100%) has been measured at 298 K. Nitrogen capacities were compared with the positions of Li and Ca. It has been demonstrated that Li at site III and Ca at site II adsorb nitrogen, and nitrogen capacities depend on Li per unit cell in Li-Faujasite and Ca per unit cell in Ca-Faujasite regardless of Si/Al.     

Freeze-fracture electron microscopic and calorimetric studies on microscopic states of surface-modified liposomes with poly(ethylene glycol) chains

The differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the freeze-fracture electron microscopy of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) liposomes containing distearoyl-N-monomethoxy poly(ethylene glycol)-succinyl-phosphatidylethanolamines (PEG-DSPE) were carried out. The DSC peak of DPPC liposomes containing PEG-DSPE had a shoulder. The main phase transition temperature of DPPC bilayer membranes containing PEG-DSPE whose molecular weight of PEG is less than 3000 was slightly shifted to a higher temperature, while that containing PEG-DSPE whose molecular weight of PEG is more than 5000 was slightly shifted to a lower temperature. The electron micrographs of freeze-fracture replicas of DPPC liposomes containing PEG-DSPE quenched from 37±2°C exhibited banded and planar textures, suggesting the lateral phase separation in the bilayer membranes.     

Design of a Quasi-Optical System to Convert TE0n Mode Outputs of a Gyrotron into Gaussian Beams

In this paper we present a novel design of a quasi-optical system for conversion of gyrotron outputs into gaussian beams. It consists of a quasi-optical antenna, four focusing mirrors (parabolic cylinders) and a filter which removes the side lobes of the beam. The system is capable to convert three TE_0n mode outputs into gaussian beams with waist size of 16.7 mm as well as four TE_1n mode outputs into bi-gaussian beams with waist size of 10.9 mm in width and 16.5 mm in length.     

Immobilization of Photosynthetic Pigments into Silica-Surfactant Nanocomposite Films

Highly transparent silica-surfactant nanocomposite films containing photosynthetic pigments have been successfully formed through the solubilization of chlorophyll a (Chl a) into surfactant micelles. The UV-vis absorption spectra indicated that a large amount of Chl a were transformed into pheophytin a in the films. These photosynthetic pigments were well dispersed in the surfactant assemblies and their chlorin rings were exposed to the surface of silica layers. Even under an air atmosphere, the photostability of immobilized pigments was largely improved in comparison with that in a homogeneous Chl a solution. Because both Chl a and pheophytin a molecules are effective for the photosensitive charge separation, the present film system is very suitable for heterogeneous immobilizing media for photosynthetic pigments from the viewpoint of in vitro biomimetic devices for solar energy conversion.