Beta-ray spectra of 12B and 12N and conserved vector current

In order to investigate spectral shape factors of ¹²B and ¹²N, we make a new formalism of β-decay theory, where the radial wave functions of leptons are treated with no approximation and, therefore, the nuclear matrix elements are electron-energy dependent. With this formalism we can show strong support for the conserved vector current hypothesis in analyzing the experimental data which were given by Wu, Lee and Mo in 1963 and revised by them in 1977 using the latest experimental results on the end-point energies and branching ratios of the inner β-groups, in addition to the correct Fermi functions for the positron. In fact, the average slopes of the spectral shape factors for ¹²B and ¹²N are in excellent agreement with those in our theory. Recent experimental data given by the Heidelberg group are also in good agreement with the theory if we analyze the difference of the average slopes for ¹²B and ¹²N. There are, however, small discrepancies with the theory in their individual values. The relation of the present formalism with traditional theories of β-decay is discussed.     

Beta-ray angular distribution in aligned 12B and 12N and G-parity irregular induced tensor current

We made an explicit formula for beta-ray angular distribution by taking into account the radiative corrections, Coulomb corrections of the finite-size nucleus, weak magnetism, induced pseudoscalar, second-class induced tensor, and contributions of the d-wave leptons. Experimental data on the beta decays of aligned ¹²B and ¹²N given at Osaka are carefully investigated, and it is shown that these data are compatible with no induced tensor current, $\text{?}{}_{\mathrm{T}}\text{?}{}_{\mathrm{A}}\text{=}\text{?(0.44 +-0.88)}\text{2M}$. The nuclear parameter y is 3.3±0.9 in excellent agreement with the predicted value 3.6.     

Two-dimensional wave run-up analysis by selective lumping finite element method

A new finite element technique for the analysis of wave run-up is presented in this paper. In this finite element approach, the movement of the shoreline is expressed by that of the nodal points at the wave front, and an auto mesh generation technique is effectively used. The present method is tested by the comparison with the experimental result of a channel with uniform slope, and two numerical examples are reported to show the efficiency of this method. As a final example, the tsunami run-up caused by the 1983 Nihonkai-Chubu earthquake is analysed and compared with actual records of the flooded area.     

Apparent horizons of time-symmetric initial value for three black holes

The apparent horizon of three black holes on a time-symmetric space-like hypersurface is examined. The area is computed for various values of separation parameters. Using Hawking's mass formula, we found that the maximum possible efficiency of energy release is no more than 8.44 × 10^-3 when the initial apparent horizon encloses three black holes.     

Effects of the three-spin interactions on the magnetic properties of a simple cubic Ising ferromagnet

For a spin one-half simple cubic Ising ferromagnet, the three-spin interaction are shown to have significant effects on the Curie temperature, the magnetization and the magnetic specific heat based on a calculation by the Bethe-Peierls theory.     

Carbon-13 NMR spectra of some epoxides derived from dicyclopentadiene

The ¹³C NMR spectra of a series of epoxides derived from endo- and exo-dicyclopentadiene and their partially hydrogenated compounds were determined to examine the substituent effects arising from the introduction of the oxirane ring in comparison with those found in other ring systems. The ¹³C signals of some epoxides were assigned by using lanthanide shift reagents. Characteristic substituent effects exerted by an oxirane ring were demonstrated. Marked steric γ-effects of ?8—13 ppm were observed at the bridge carbon signal in the bicyclo[2.2.1]heptane skeleton. Differences were found in the substituent effects between endo- and exo-dicyclopentadiene epoxides, and have been discussed in relation to the molecular geometry.     

Synthesis of a New NIR Fluorescent Nd Complex Labeling Agent

Fluorescent analysis has been widely used in biological, chemical and analytical research. A useful fluorescent labeling agent should include NIR emission, a large Stoke’s shift, and good labeling ability without interfering with the pharmacological profile of the labeled compound. Thus, we planned to develop an M-AMF-DOTA(Nd) derivative composed of an NIR fluorescent moiety and a maleimide conjugating moiety as a new NIR fluorescent labeling agent which fulfills these requirements. M-AMF-DOTA(Nd) was synthesized from 4-amino-fluorescein and was conjugated with an avidin molecule (Avidin-AMF-DOTA(Nd)) through Lys-side chains by reaction with 2-iminothiolane. The fluorescent features of M-AMF-DOTA(Nd) and Avidin-AMF-DOTA(Nd) were comparatively evaluated. A binding assay of Avidin-AMF-DOTA(Nd) with D-biotin and a tumor cell-uptake study were performed to estimate the effects of conjugation on the biological and physicochemical features of the protein. M-AMF-DOTA(Nd) was obtained in 22% overall yield. M-AMF-DOTA(Nd) had a typical NIR fluorescence from the Nd ion (880 nm and 900 nm from 488 nm excitation). Avidin-AMF-DOTA(Nd) was easily synthesized and also had typical NIR fluorescence from the Nd ion without loss of fluorescent intensity. The binding affinity of Avidin-AMF-DOTA(Nd) to D-biotin was equivalent to naive avidin. Avidin-AMF-DOTA(Nd) was taken up by tumor cells in the same manner as avidin conjugated with fluorescein isothiocyanate, an established, widely used fluorescent avidin. Results from this study indicate that M-AMF-DOTA(Nd) is a potential labeling agent for routine NIR fluorescent analysis.     

Broadband GHz frequency characterizations of Permalloy nanorods’ array

The radio frequency characteristics of Permalloy nanorods’ array have been examined by coplanar waveguide (CPW) cell. The Permalloy nanorods’ array was grown in anodic aluminum oxide porous templates with a diameter of 20 nm. As the Permalloy nanorods’ array was placed on CPW, the characteristic impedances of the CPW were changed from 50 to at 1 GHz. The magnitude of inductance was decreased from 3 GHz and the capacitance was increased up to twice in comparison with that of CPW. The signal attenuations were abruptly increased over 1 GHz. The propagation wavelengths due to the insertion of Permalloy nanorods’ array were decreased about 30% at 1 GHz in comparison with that of CPW without magnetic materials.