全文获取类型
收费全文 | 6278篇 |
免费 | 327篇 |
国内免费 | 35篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 4618篇 |
晶体学 | 79篇 |
力学 | 186篇 |
数学 | 536篇 |
物理学 | 1221篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 39篇 |
2022年 | 82篇 |
2021年 | 146篇 |
2020年 | 125篇 |
2019年 | 135篇 |
2018年 | 101篇 |
2017年 | 114篇 |
2016年 | 227篇 |
2015年 | 203篇 |
2014年 | 278篇 |
2013年 | 412篇 |
2012年 | 571篇 |
2011年 | 549篇 |
2010年 | 360篇 |
2009年 | 283篇 |
2008年 | 420篇 |
2007年 | 374篇 |
2006年 | 367篇 |
2005年 | 289篇 |
2004年 | 267篇 |
2003年 | 208篇 |
2002年 | 219篇 |
2001年 | 116篇 |
2000年 | 118篇 |
1999年 | 60篇 |
1998年 | 51篇 |
1997年 | 37篇 |
1996年 | 38篇 |
1995年 | 30篇 |
1994年 | 27篇 |
1993年 | 34篇 |
1992年 | 23篇 |
1991年 | 24篇 |
1990年 | 22篇 |
1989年 | 31篇 |
1988年 | 21篇 |
1987年 | 22篇 |
1986年 | 15篇 |
1985年 | 12篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 15篇 |
1982年 | 11篇 |
1981年 | 13篇 |
1980年 | 17篇 |
1979年 | 16篇 |
1978年 | 21篇 |
1977年 | 14篇 |
1976年 | 13篇 |
1974年 | 11篇 |
1973年 | 11篇 |
排序方式: 共有6640条查询结果,搜索用时 656 毫秒
31.
Teik-Cheng Lim 《Czechoslovak Journal of Physics》2004,54(5):553-559
A theoretical relation between the Bauer-Maysenholder-Seeger (BMS) and the Biswas-Hamann (BH) potential function has been developed herein for the case of 2-body interaction. By equating derivatives of these two potential functions for the 2-body part, a loose form of BMS is expressed in terms of BH parameters with a scaling factor. The validity of the developed parametric relationships has been graphically demonstrated, and the suitability discussed with reference to the extent and direction of bond distortion. 相似文献
32.
Finite element analysis of fluid flow with moving free surface has been performed in 2‐D and 3‐D. The new VOF‐based numerical algorithm that has been proposed by the present authors (Int. J. Numer. Meth. Fluids, submitted) was applied to several 2‐D and 3‐D free surface flow problems. The proposed free surface tracking scheme is based on two numerical tools; the orientation vector to represent the free surface orientation in each cell and the baby‐cell to determine the fluid volume flux at each cell boundary. The proposed numerical algorithm has been applied to 2‐D and 3‐D cavity filling and sloshing problems in order to demonstrate the versatility and effectiveness of the scheme. The proposed numerical algorithm resolved successfully the free surfaces interacting with each other. The simulated results demonstrated applicability of the proposed numerical algorithm to the practical problems of large free surface motion. It has been also demonstrated that the proposed free surface tracking scheme can be easily implemented in any irregular non‐uniform grid systems and can be extended to 3‐D free surface flow problems without additional efforts. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
33.
A new porphyrin, peroxyacetic acid uroporphyrin I, has been isolated from the urine of patients with congenital erythropoietic porphyria by reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography. The porphyrin was characterized by high resolution mass spectrometry and by typical chemical reactions of a peroxyacid. 相似文献
34.
35.
A pair of unusual regioisomeric tetracyclic indoles of the corynantheine-type, arboricine and arboricinine were obtained from the Malayan Kopsia arborea. The structures were established by spectroscopic analysis and a possible biogenetic link between the alkaloids is presented. 相似文献
36.
Various phase behavior of blends of poly(vinyl ether)s with homologous acrylic polymers (polymethacrylates or polyacrylates) were examined using differential scanning calorimetry, optical microscopy (OM), and Fourier‐transformed infrared spectroscopy. Effects of varying the pendant groups of either of constituent polymers on the phase behavior of the blends were analyzed. A series of interestingly different phase behavior in the blends has been revealed in that as the pendant group in the acrylic polymer series gets longer, polymethacrylate/poly(vinyl methyl ether) (PVME) blends exhibit immiscibility, upper critical solution temperature (UCST), and miscibility, respectively. This study found that the true phase behavior of poly(propyl methacrylate)/PVME [and poly(isopropyl methacrylate)/PVME)] blend systems, though immiscible at ambient, actually displayed a rare UCST upon heating to higher temperatures. Similarly, as the methyl pendant group in PVE is lengthened to ethyl (i.e., PVME replaced by PVEE), phase behavior of its blends with series of polymethacrylates or polyacrylates changes correspondingly. Analyses and quantitative comparisons on four series of blends of PVE/acrylic polymer were performed to thoroughly understand the effects of pendant groups in either polyethers (PVE's) or acrylic polymers on the phase behavior of the blends of these two constituents. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 45: 1521–1534, 2007 相似文献
37.
The nucleation and grain growth of the Ge2Sb2Te5 (GST) thin films were studied using high voltage electron microscope operated at 1250 kV. As a result, we have found that 2 nm-sized nucleus forms as a cluster which atoms are arranged regularly at the stage of nucleation prior to the formation of grains having crystal structure. The high-resolution transmission electron microscopy study and fast-Fourier transformations revealed that coexistence of face-centered-cubic (FCC) and hexagonal structure occurs, and formation of twin defect is found in the hexagonal structure during the grain growth as the annealing temperature is increased. GST grain having the hexagonal structure grow from the surface, and the growth proceeded perpendicular to the [0 0 0 1], namely the path parallel to the (0 0 0 1) plane. Consequently, grain growth to a large-scale result in a lengthened shape. 相似文献
38.
P. J. Bream J. J. Lim S. Bull A. V. Andrianov S. Sujecki E. C. Larkins 《Optical and Quantum Electronics》2006,38(12-14):1019-1027
We describe the inclusion of nonequilibrium gain into a self-consistent 2.5D CW spectral laser diode model and report on the use of this model to investigate the origin of gain compression in a 975 nm high-brightness tapered QW laser diode. Nonequilibrium gain is calculated using a dynamic gain model, which simulates the dynamic relaxation of the quantum well carrier energy distributions under the influence of steady-state electrical and optical excitation. Calculated gain and spontaneous emission spectra are included in the laser model via parameterised look up tables. Both simulated and experimentally measured intracavity spontaneous emission spectra show an increased carrier density and a blue-shift of the gain maximum with increasing bias caused by carrier heating and spectral hole burning. The accurate incorporation of nonequilibrium gain compression is therefore vital for the accurate prediction of the operating characteristics of these devices and for the experimental determination of the active region temperature. 相似文献
39.
After the laser was invented in 1960, a phase conjugation mirror has been respected to be the most fantastic one for the laser
resonator composition because it can compensate any distortions of the laser beams occurred by the many inhomogenuities of
the laser media and optical components. Among the many phase conjugation configurations, the stimulated Brillouin scattering
phase conjugation mirror is the most simple one and many researchers have tried to utilize it to develop high power/energy
laser systems. For realizing a high energy/power laser system the thermal problem is the most difficult to solve, and some
researchers suggested a beam combination technique to reduce the thermal load of the big laser media to many small sized ones.
To accomplish the beam combination using stimulated Brillouin scattering phase conjugation mirrors (SBS-PCMs), it is necessary
to lock/control the phases of the SBS-PCMs. And some researchers have developed several ways for it, but they can lock the
phases of a limited number of beams overlapped at the foci less than 5, or lock the phases by back-seeding technique but it
loses the phase conjugation characteristics. For realization of the laser fusion driver, it is necessary to combine more than
10 or 100 beams. And the authors have developed recently a new phase controlling/locking technique which is isolated and independent
totally from other beams and it can be applied to an unlimited number of beams in principle. 相似文献
40.
T.W. Lim S.H. Park D.Y. Yang H.J. Kong K.S. Lee 《Applied Physics A: Materials Science & Processing》2006,84(4):379-383
A nano-surfacing process (NSP) is proposed to directly fabricate three-dimensional (3D) concavo–convex-shaped microstructures such as micro-lens arrays using two-photon polymerization (TPP), a promising technique for fabricating arbitrary 3D highly functional micro-devices. In TPP, commonly utilized methods for fabricating complex 3D microstructures to date are based on a layer-by-layer accumulating technique employing two-dimensional sliced data derived from 3D computer-aided design data. As such, this approach requires much time and effort for precise fabrication. In this work, a novel single-layer exposure method is proposed in order to improve the fabricating efficiency for 3D concavo–convex-shaped microstructures. In the NSP, 3D microstructures are divided into 13 sub-regions horizontally with consideration of the heights. Those sub-regions are then expressed as 13 characteristic colors, after which a multi-voxel matrix (MVM) is composed with the characteristic colors. Voxels with various heights and diameters are generated to construct 3D structures using a MVM scanning method. Some 3D concavo–convex-shaped microstructures were fabricated to estimate the usefulness of the NSP, and the results show that it readily enables the fabrication of single-layered 3D microstructures. PACS 85.40.Hp; 81.16.Nd; 42.82.Cr 相似文献