体积排阻色谱与电感耦合等离子体质谱联用技术在富硒金针菇硒多糖形态分析中的应用研究

提取含硒7.97μg/g的富硒金针菇硒多糖,采用体积排阻色谱与电感耦合等离子体质谱(SE-HPLC-ICP-MS)联用技术进行在线分离分析,确定富硒金针菇中至少含有三种硒多糖,其分子量分别为4.27 kDa1、.868 kDa和1.54 kDa,含硒量分别占可溶性硒多糖中硒含量的14.95%、40.39%和44.66%。进一步研究证明:在金针菇的富硒培养过程中,硒不仅参与了生物大分子的合成,而且在富硒金针菇体内存在大量的具有生物活性的硒多糖。从分子生物学角度对新的补硒资源和生物活性因子进行有益的探索,为研究人类硒源的生物安全性和高效可利用性提供科学的理论依据。     

HPLC-ICP-MS联用技术在富硒金针菇硒的形态分析中的应用

从富硒培养的金针菇中分离得到含硒化合物, 并采用SE-HPLC-ICP-MS联机技术对浸提液中的含硒化合物进行分离分析; 同时对样品中的硒蛋白在特定条件下水解, 采用RP-HPLC-ICP-MS联机技术对水解液中硒代氨基酸进行确认, 并测定其中硒的含量. 结果表明, 可溶态硒是富硒金针菇中硒的主要存在形式, 其中小分子含硒有机化合物中的含硒量占浸提液中硒的71.87%; 而含硒蛋白所占比例为4.88%; 进一步确定富硒金针菇中含有硒代胱氨酸、硒代蛋氨酸和由二者组成的含硒多肽等, 各形态硒的含量为总硒量的12.3%, 17.6%和36.8%. 本方法将具有高效分离能力的色谱技术与高灵敏度的元素检测技术成功结合, 用于含硒生物分子中硒的在线分析, 具有快速、灵敏及准确等特点.     

高分辨气相色谱-高分辨质谱法测定生物样本中的多溴二苯醚

建立了应用高分辨气相色谱-高分辨质谱法测定生物样本中多溴二苯醚(PBDE)的方法。样品经柱提取,凝胶排阻色谱和FMS自动纯化,39种异构体在53 m in内分离,在0.2~1 500μg/L的质量浓度范围内线性良好,回收率在51%~108%之间,满足日常分析的需要。     

针状硅灰石粉末的图像分析研究

介绍了应用图像分析方法对硅灰石针状粉末长径比测试的原理 ,并讨论了测试结果及影响检测精度的因素。研究表明图像分析方法可以直接给出硅灰石针状粉末的平均长径比及不同长径比的分布情况。此外 ,分布情况还可以用直观的直方图形式表征     

富硒金针菇子实体中硒多糖的分离纯化技术及红外光谱研究

对富硒金针菇子实体中硒多糖(Se-containing polysaccharide,Se-P)的分离、纯化进行了优化研究,并采用苯酚-硫酸法、ICP-MS法对硒多糖中多糖及硒含量进行了测定.确定硒多糖的最佳提取条件为:浸提温度80℃、浸提时间3 h、料液比1:50、提取3次合并滤液;其中多糖含量为12.48%,硒含量为7.97μg/g.将粗多糖经Sephadex G-100柱层析系统分离纯化,所得精硒多糖进行红外光谱分析表明:可溶性硒多糖均为糖苷键连接的吡喃多糖,其中水溶性硒多糖与普通多糖结构相似,而碱溶性硒多糖中由于硒酸酯的形成改变了原有多糖的吡喃环糖苷键的构型,进一步证明在金针菇的富硒培养过程中,硒参与了硒多糖的合成.     

中学化学人文教育的实验

新一轮课程改革把学科中的人文教育作为重要的目标提了出来,随着对化学人文教育的深入研究,文章提出了围绕人文读物的自主阅读综合实践的形式来开展中学化学人文教育,学生人文教育的成效通过读书报告来进行交流和评价.通过实验,中学化学人文教育在提高学生对化学认识、提高学生的化学成绩、提高学生的化学专业选择率及提高学生的综合能力等方面发挥了积极作用.     

Scalable,Durable, and Recyclable Metal-Free Catalysts for Highly Efficient Conversion of CO2 to Cyclic Carbonates

A series of highly active organoboron catalysts for the coupling of CO₂ and epoxides with the advantages of scalable preparation, thermostability, and recyclability is reported. The metal-free catalysts show high reactivity towards a wide scope of cyclic carbonates (14 examples) and can withstand a high temperature up to 150 °C. Compared with the current metal-free catalytic systems that use mol % catalyst loading, the catalytic capacity of the catalyst described herein can be enhanced by three orders of magnitude (epoxide/cat.=200 000/1, mole ratio) in the presence of a cocatalyst. This feature greatly narrows the gap between metal-free catalysts and state-of-the-art metallic systems. An intramolecular cooperative mechanism is proposed and certified on the basis of investigations on crystal structures, structure–performance relationships, kinetic studies, and key reaction intermediates.     

An electrostatic deflector for a fusion reaction

An electrostatic deflector for separating the fusion evaporation residues from the beam-like products in heavy ion reactions was installed.The evaporation residue separation and identification with the electrostatic deflector setup was tested with the reaction 32S+96Zr at several energies.The fusion evaporation residues and the beam-like particles were well separated after the electrical separation and the experimental fusion cross section obtained from the angular distribution is in good agreement with the calculated value well above the Coulomb barrier.This confirms the reliability of the setup.     

Effect of Phosphate on the Self-Assembly of Peptide EMK16-Ⅱ

The ionic-complementary peptide EMK16-Ⅱ is used to investigate the effects of hydrophobic and electrostatic interactions on the self-assembling process by atomic force microscopy and circular dichroism spectra. It is found that the increase of hydrophobicity of the peptides promotes the aggregation of fibrils in pure water. The effects of phosphate with different concentrations on electrostatic interactions are also investigated. It is found that the self-assembling process is enhanced at a low concentration of phosphate and more ordered fibrillar aggregates are formed. When the concentration of phosphate increases to a certain value （9mM）, only a few fibrils are found to be formed. No fibrils but amorphous aggregates exist when the concentration further increases. A physical interpretation is presented such that one divalent anion can interact with two positively charged residual groups in different peptide molecules like a ＂bridge＂ which destroys the ionic-complementary feature and largely inhibits the formation of ordered fibrils.     

Eu3+在Ba2TiSi2O8中的发光

红色荧光材料主要有(碱土)硫化物体系[1,2],(碱土)钛酸盐体系[3,4],氧化稀土体系[5],硅酸盐体系[6]以及其它氧化物体系如MO∶Eu~(3 )(M=Ca、Sr、Ba)[7],SrAl2O4∶Eu~(2 )[8]等。在这些体系中,主要以Eu3 做激活