Co/ZrO2/SiO2催化剂费-托合成反应动力学研究Ⅱ. 动力学模型的构建和回归

 在典型的Co系催化剂工业操作条件范围(T=473～503 K,p=1.5～4.0 MPa, H2/CO体积比=1.0～3.0)内,采用等温积分固定床反应器对Co/ZrO2/SiO2催化剂进行了F-T合成反应动力学研究. 依据详细可靠的基元反应机理,按照Langmuir-Hinshelwood-Hougen-Watson动力学推导方法,获得了Co系催化剂上基于详细反应机理的动力学模型. 通过动力学实验数据的回归分析,发现基于COs直接解离并以烷基为链增长中间体的表面碳物种机理的动力学模型可以较好地描述Co/ZrO2/SiO2催化剂上的F-T合成反应结果,该模型可自洽地描述F-T合成过程中的合成气消耗和烃产物分布状况,且获得的反应活化能等关键动力学参数与文献报道的理论结果基本一致.     

Preparation of Tolterodine Metabolite Loaded Biodegradable PLGA Microspheres

Biodegradable polymer poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid)(PLGA) was used to encapsulate the pharmacological activity metabolite of tolterodine by means of O/W emulsion solvent evaporation method via homogenization in the emulsification process. The influences of preparation parameters were investigated. The results indicate that increasing PLGA concentration from 15% to 40% made the encapsulation efficiency of 5-hydroxymethyl derivative of tolterodine(5-HMT) increased from 55.39% to 76.32%, and the particle size increased from 34.33 μm to 70.78 μm. In addition, when homogenization speed increased from 850 r/min to 2300 r/min, both particle size and encapsulation efficiency of microspheres decreased. An increase in the volume of aqueous phase led to higher encapsulation efficiency and bigger particle size. Increasing temperature made encapsulation efficiency and particle size change significantly. While reaction temperature increased from 20 °C to 50 °C, the encapsulation efficiency decreased from 70.44% to 24.07%, and particle size increased from 38.66 μm to 69.38 μm. High reaction temperature(over 40 °C) may lead to porous surface of microspheres. Porous surface, encapsulation efficiency and particle size influenced on the in vitro release of 5-HMT together.     

Facile Synthesis of Gold Nanoparticle-loaded Carbon Nanofiber Composites and Their Electrocatalytic Activity Towards Dopamine, Ascorbic Acid and Uric Acid

A facile approach for the synthesis of gold nanoparticle-loaded carbon nanofiber(Au/CNF) composites was developed. When applied to electrochemistry, these composites showed attractive performances such as high conductivity and facile electron transfer kinetics. Under physiological conditions, the Au/CNF composite modified electrode exhibits highly electrocatalytic activity for the oxidation of dopamine, ascorbic acid and uric acid. Owing to the good selectivity for the simultaneous detection of these three ...     

Revisiting H/Pt(111) by a combined experimental study of the H-D exchange reaction and first-principles calculations

We report a detailed investigation of the behavior of chemisorbed hydrogen atoms (Ha) on Pt(111) by a combination of an ex-perimental study of the Ha + Da reaction and first-principles calculations. The coverage-dependent adsorption and desorption behavior of Ha and Da on Pt(111) have been systematically established and can be well interpreted in terms of repulsive inter-actions between adsorbates. Ha adsorbs exclusively on the face-centered cubic (fcc) sites of Pt(111) at coverages not exceeding 1 monolaye...     

2-吡啶甲酸在玻碳电极表面的电化学行为

在乙酸-乙酸钠缓冲溶液中,利用循环伏安法与线性扫描伏安法研究了2-吡啶甲酸在玻碳电极上的电化学行为。通过数值拟合,确定了2-吡啶甲酸在不同酸度下离解状态的分布,探讨了扫描速率、浓度等因素对其电化学特性的影响,并对其在玻碳电极表面的电极反应机理进行了推断。研究结果表明,2-吡啶甲酸在玻碳电极上发生的是一个不可逆的电化学还原反应,电极过程表现为吡啶环上的羧基的电化学还发生两个电子的转移生成醛。     

1-取代-4,5-二(4-氯苯基)咪唑的合成和结构表征

合成了6种1-取代-4,5-二(4-氯苯基)咪唑.以对氯苯乙酸和氯苯为原料,经Friedel-Crafts酰基化反应、二氧化锡氧化、与多聚甲醛和乙酸铵环合制备了中间体4,5-二(4-氯苯基)咪唑(5),5再经取代得到3个1-取代-4,5-二-(4-氯苯基)咪唑类化合物6a-c.6a再分别与液体胺经亲核取代反应得到3个1-取代乙酰胺类-4,5-二-(4-氯苯基)咪唑类化合物7a-c.目标化合物结构用核磁共振氢谱和红外光谱进行了表征.     

宁波市饮用水中重金属铁锌铜健康风险度评价

对宁波市区内36个样点的饮用水中Fe,Zn,Cu的质量浓度进行了调查研究,并应用目前美国环保局推荐的健康风险评价模型对各区饮用水中Fe,Zn,Cu所引起的健康风险度作了初步评价。结果表明,宁波市区Fe,Zn,Cu的平均质量浓度范围分别为Fe 35~809μg/L,Zn51~1 147μg/L,Cu 14~98μg/L;通过饮水途径所引起的非致癌健康风险中Zn在邱隘(样点)的致癌年风险最大(1.7×10-5),但低于国际辐射防护委员会(ICRP)推荐的通过饮水途径最大可接受年风险水平(5×10-5),Cu,Fe的年风险水平(10-8~10-9)均远低于ICRP推荐的最大可接受风险水平。因此与Fe,Cu相比,Zn为主要的风险污染物,应进行优先管理。     

含硅铁键环状化合物[Me2Si-η5-C5H4Fe(CO)(PPh3)][Me2Si-η5-C5H4Fe- (CO)2－n(PPh3)n] (n＝0或1)的合成与结构

鉴于含硅-过渡金属键化合物作为催化剂具有重要的应用价值, 在我们最近发现的化合物(η⁵,η⁵-C₅H₄Me₂SiSi-Me₂C₅H₄)Fe₂(CO)₄ (1)的硅硅键和铁铁键复分解重排反应可以有效地合成含有两个硅铁键的环状化合物[Me₂Si-η⁵-C₅H₄- Fe(CO)₂]₂ (2)的基础上, 对该硅铁键环状化合物的三苯基膦取代衍生物[Me₂Si-η⁵-C₅H₄-Fe(CO)(PPh₃)][Me₂Si-η⁵-C₅H₄Fe(CO)_2－n(PPh₃)_n] (3: n＝0, 5: n＝1)的合成方法进行了研究. 发现化合物1在三苯基膦存在下的复分解重排反应是合成单三苯基膦取代产物3的最好方法; 而双三苯基膦取代化合物5则可通过光照条件下2与三苯基膦发生羰基取代反应而得到, 产物中含有的顺反异构体可利用制备薄层色谱法分离. 利用X射线衍射法测定了化合物3的分子结构, 考察了三苯基膦配体的存在对分子结构的影响以及三苯基膦与铁形成的配位键的稳定性.     

C_(78)~n(C_(2v))的电子结构和UV谱

用INDO (Intermediateneglectdifferentialoverlap)系列方法对Cn78进行系统研究 .结果表明 ,C78(C2v)比C78(C2v′)稳定 ;Cn78(C2v)和Cn78(C2v′)未发生Jahn Teller畸变 ;Cn78随n绝对值增大 ,体系能量升高 .以优化构型为基础 ,首次计算Cn78电子光谱 ,对电子跃迁进行理论指认 ,讨论Cn78光谱特征吸收与C78相比发生红移的原因 .     

Orlicz空间上支撑映射的半连续性

给出赋Luxemburg范数的Orlicz空间上支撑映射上（下）半连续的判别准则。