全文获取类型
收费全文 | 20996篇 |
免费 | 3689篇 |
国内免费 | 4876篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 15285篇 |
晶体学 | 456篇 |
力学 | 1413篇 |
综合类 | 461篇 |
数学 | 3027篇 |
物理学 | 8919篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 51篇 |
2023年 | 240篇 |
2022年 | 608篇 |
2021年 | 660篇 |
2020年 | 644篇 |
2019年 | 745篇 |
2018年 | 668篇 |
2017年 | 761篇 |
2016年 | 859篇 |
2015年 | 1015篇 |
2014年 | 1294篇 |
2013年 | 1627篇 |
2012年 | 1676篇 |
2011年 | 1873篇 |
2010年 | 1624篇 |
2009年 | 1693篇 |
2008年 | 1848篇 |
2007年 | 1623篇 |
2006年 | 1607篇 |
2005年 | 1364篇 |
2004年 | 1069篇 |
2003年 | 915篇 |
2002年 | 999篇 |
2001年 | 872篇 |
2000年 | 787篇 |
1999年 | 511篇 |
1998年 | 293篇 |
1997年 | 228篇 |
1996年 | 196篇 |
1995年 | 153篇 |
1994年 | 157篇 |
1993年 | 134篇 |
1992年 | 120篇 |
1991年 | 80篇 |
1990年 | 90篇 |
1989年 | 86篇 |
1988年 | 79篇 |
1987年 | 54篇 |
1986年 | 43篇 |
1985年 | 35篇 |
1984年 | 31篇 |
1983年 | 27篇 |
1982年 | 16篇 |
1981年 | 15篇 |
1980年 | 15篇 |
1979年 | 14篇 |
1978年 | 15篇 |
1977年 | 8篇 |
1976年 | 7篇 |
1965年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
92.
Three new Ni(BDC)/2,2'-bipy compounds, Ni2(BDC)(HBDC)2(2,2'-bipy)2 (2), Ni3(BDC)3(2,2'-bipy)2 (3), and Ni(BDC)(2,2-bipy)2.2H2O (5), in addition to the previously reported Ni(BDC)(2,2'-bipy).0.75H2BDC (1) and Ni(BDC)(2,2'-bipy)(H2O) (4) [BDC = 1,4-benzenedicarboxylate; 2,2'-bipy = 2,2'-bipyridine], have been synthesized by hydrothermal reactions. A systematic investigation of the effect of the reaction temperature and pH resulted in a series of compounds with different compositions and dimensionality. The diverse product slate illustrates the marked sensitivity of the structural chemistry of polycarboxylate aromatic ligands to synthesis conditions. Compound 1, which has a channel structure containing guest H2BDC molecules, is formed at the lowest pH. The guest H2BDC molecules are connected by hydrogen bonds and form extended chains. At a slightly higher pH, a dimeric molecular compound 2 is formed with a lower number of protonated carboxylate groups per nickel atom and per BDC ligand. Reactions at higher temperature and the same pH lead to the transformation of 1 and 2 into the two-dimensional, layered trinuclear compound 3. As the pH is increased, a one-dimensional polymer 4 is formed with a water molecule coordinated to Ni2+. Bis-monodentate and bischelating BDC ligands alternate along the chain to give a crankshaft rather than a regular zigzag arrangement. A further increase of the pH leads to the one-dimensional chain compound 5, which has two chelating 2,2'-bipy ligands. Crystal data: 2, triclinic, space group P, a = 7.4896(9) angstroms, b = 9.912(1) angstroms, c = 13.508(2) angstroms, alpha = 86.390(2) degrees , beta = 75.825(2) degrees, gamma = 79.612(2) degrees, Z = 2; 3, orthorhombic, space group Pbca, a = 9.626(2) angstroms, b = 17.980(3) angstroms, c = 25.131(5) angstroms, Z = 4; 5, orthorhombic, space group Pbcn, a = 14.266(2) angstroms, b = 10.692(2) angstroms, c = 17.171(2) angstroms, Z = 8. 相似文献
93.
Huang F Hou L Wu H Wang X Shen H Cao W Yang W Cao Y 《Journal of the American Chemical Society》2004,126(31):9845-9853
A series of aminoalkyl-substituted polyfluorene copolymers with benzothiadiazole (BTDZ) of different content were synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction, and their quaternized ammonium polyelectrolyte derivatives were obtained through a postpolymerization treatment on the terminal amino groups. Copolymers are soluble in environmentally friendlier solvents, such as alcohols. It was found that the efficient energy transfer occurs by exciton trapping on the narrow band gap BTDZ site under UV illumination. Only 1% of BTDZ content is needed to completely quench a fluorene emission for both the neutral and the quaternized copolymers in the neat film. Absolute PL efficiencies of copolymer films were greatly enhanced as a result of the suppression of excimer formation. Light-emitting devices fabricated from these copolymers show high external quantum efficiencies over 3% and 1% for the neutral precursor and the quaternized copolymers, respectively, with high work function metals such as Al as a cathode. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on an electroluminescent polymer which bears the high EL efficiency, the electron-injection ability from high work function metals, and the solubility in environment-friendly solvents at the same time. These features make them a promising candidate for the next generation of light-emitting copolymers in PLED flat panel display application. 相似文献
94.
95.
The manganese(Ⅲ) complex [Mn(acacen){N(CN)2}]n [H2acacen=bis(acetylacetone)ethylenediimine] has been synthesized and the structure has been determined. The complex forms a one-dimensional chain structure via the bidentate bridge ligand μ1,5-[N(CN)2]- linking [Mn(acacen)] moiety. The magnetic property of the compound (75~300 K) shows the existence of an antiferromagnetic exchange interaction among paramagnetic centers along the chain. CCDC: 244940. 相似文献
96.
采用等离子体发射光谱法(ICP—AES)对褐云玛瑙螺进行了12种微量元素的测定分析。结果表明,褐示玛瑙螺体内含有丰富的人体必需微量元素Fe、Se、Cu、Zn、V、B、Ca等。为深入研究开发利用褐云玛瑙的药用功能和营养价值提供了科学依据。 相似文献
97.
98.
Jin Yan Dong Ye Gao Chen Hong Chuan Song Yan Ping He Lei Li Yong Ping Zhong Yan Hui Zhu Jie Cao Luo Wang Ke Qin Zhang Laboratory for Conservation Utilization of Bioresources Yunnan University Kunming China Department of Chemistry Yunnan Normal University Kunming China Provincial Key Lab of Rural Energy Engineering Yunnan Normal University Kunming China 《中国化学快报》2007,18(2):165-167
Microbial transformation of nigranoic acid by Caryospora carllicarpa YMF1.01026 afforded the new derivative 6β-hydro-xynigranoic acid. Its structure was elucidated by spectroscopic methods. 相似文献
99.
Yong Zhao Xianliang Sheng Jin Zhai Lei Jiang Chunhe Yang Zhongwei Sun Yongfang Li Daoben Zhu 《Chemphyschem》2007,8(6):856-861
Titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) photoelectrodes with micro/nano hierarchical branched inner channels have been prepared by an electrohydrodynamic (EHD) technique and assembled to form dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs). Excellent penetration of ionic-liquid electrolytes and enhanced light harvesting in the longer wavelength region are realized within the composite-structure electrode, thus a better fill factor (ff) of 75.3 % and higher conversion efficiency (eta) of 7.1 % are obtained for viscous ionic-liquid electrolytes compared to pure nanostructured films. Hierarchical branched channels in the photoanodes can efficiently improve the transport properties of redox-active species in viscous electrolytes, which is demonstrated by electrical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). The incident monochromatic photon-to-electron conversion efficiency (IPCE) shows that enhanced light scattering in the composite film is of benefit for light harvesting and thus for solar energy conversion efficiency. 相似文献
100.
0 IntroductionMetallosupramolecular oligomers and polymerscan result from the interaction of metal ions with ap-propriate multidentate ligands designed for multinucle-ar binding[1,2], and there are considerable interests in thedesign of species containing known numbers of metalions in defined spatial arrangements. The electronic andphotophysical properties of oligopyridine complexes oftransition-metal ions make their incorporation particu-larlyattractive and the possibilityofinter-metallic ele… 相似文献