Self-organized diffusion of congestion in complex networks

In this work, we propose and study a model for the diffusion of congestion in complex networks. According to the proposed model, the level of congestion on each node will be self-organized into the same value. The diffusion of congestion throughout various networks with different topologies is investigated analytically and by numerical tests. The flow fluctuations in complex networks are studied. We recover a power-law scaling relation between the standard deviation and mean flow, which is consistent with the previous studies. Finally, we extend our model by adding two constraints, which may be effective strategies for diffusing the local and the global congestion in complex networks, respectively.     

Radiation energy flux of Dirac field of static spherically symmetric black holes

By the statistical entropy of the Dirac field of the static spherically symmetric black hole, the result is obtained that the radiation energy flux of the black hole is proportional to the quartic of the temperature of its event horizon. That is, the thermal radiation of the black hole always satisfies the generalised Stenfan--Boltzmann law. The derived generalised Stenfan--Boltzmann coefficient is no longer a constant. When the cut-off distance and the thin film thickness are both fixed, it is a proportional coefficient related to the space--time metric near the event horizon and the average radial effusion velocity of the radiation particles from the thin film. Finally, the radiation energy fluxes and the radiation powers of the Schwarzschild black hole and the Reissner--Nordstrõm black hole are derived, separately.     

矿物组分快速定量提取模型及其应用

矿物成分快速鉴定是提高遥感矿产勘探、遥感矿物填图以及诸多地学研究等工作效率的关键。由于技术等各方面的限制,国内外针对矿物快速分析的模型和软件较少。20世纪90年代以来近红外光谱仪在技术上的突破和计算机的发展使得近红外光谱技术在矿物快速识别领域的应用变得可行,先后出现了基于吸收位置的反演模型(模型一)和基于波形匹配的反演模型(模型二)。文章提出了特征光谱线性反演模型。经美国地质调查局矿物光谱库(USGS)端元混合实验数据验证,该模型精度接近100%,远优于模型一和二。对新疆包古图地区地表随机所采23个样本分析,该模型平均精度为64.6%,另外两模型分别为：33.8%和8.1%,优于模型一和二。虽精度尚低于传统镜下鉴定方法,该模型具有高效、方便、工作量小、人为误差小等优点,已初步应用于新疆包古图地区遥感矿产勘探工作,有较好的推广前景。     

微腔旋转对耦合腔光波导群速度的影响

本文利用多重散射方法和时域有限差分方法,理论研究了微腔旋转对二维正方晶格光子晶体耦合腔光波导群速度的影响.研究结果表明,通过旋转微腔可以造成传播模的模式分裂,从而实现群速度的降低.当微腔旋转角度为45°时,传播模的群速度最小,两个传播模的群速度分别达到了0.0016倍和0.0009倍于真空光速,与微腔未旋转时相比降低了一个数量级.上述两种传播模群速度的差别是由传播模的空间对称性决定的. 关键词： 二维光子晶体 耦合腔光波导 群速度     

全光纤高效超连续谱光源实验研究

 报道了一个全光纤的高效率超连续谱产生系统,系统采用增加一段匹配光纤的办法解决增益光纤和光子晶体光纤直接熔接损耗较大的问题,并且对匹配光纤和光子晶体光纤熔接对准过程进行实时监控,使熔接损耗降到最低,从而实现了较高的全系统转换效率(76%)和较好的光束质量。实验研究了超连续光谱展宽的过程,结果显示：超连续谱展宽的初始阶段,拉曼效应和自相位调制效应起主要作用,光谱呈现长波方向展宽较多的非对称性,并出现明显的拉曼斯托克斯峰;光谱继续展宽时,满足相位匹配条件的四波混频开始起作用,拉曼效应产生的加宽光谱成分作为四波混频参量过程的泵浦,使光谱开始向长波和短波两个方向扩展。     

Cosmic ray test for a T0 detector

The endcap of time-of-flight (ETOF) detector in BES (Beijing Spectrometer) III is planned to be upgraded by using multi-gap resistive plate chambers (MRPCs) and the designed time resolution of the MRPCs is around 50 ps. Thus a time-zero (T0) detector needs to be built to offer a high quality reference time for the MRPCs beam test. So a T0 detector is built using plastic scintillator tiles (BC420) to couple with four fast phototubes (PMTs, Hamamatsu H6533). The timing properties of the detector is studied by using a cosmic ray test and factors related to the time resolution, such as plastic scintillator size, readout mode and angle effects, are discussed. T0 detector timing resolutions of ～41-62 ps are achieved, which means that the T0 detector can be used in the MRPC beam test.     

硫化砷非晶态波导光阻断效应的机理研究

在实验研究了As₂S₈和掺杂As₂S₈薄膜波导光阻断效应的基础上,讨论了反常电子组态的形成机理和转移机理,提出了光阻断效应切断过程和回复过程的动力学模型,数值分析结果与实验数据十分符合,理论预期与实验现象一致,表明该模型抓住了光阻断效应的基本特征,揭示了过程本质,反映了实验现象的内在机理. 关键词： 光波导技术 硫属化合物玻璃 光阻断效应 动力学模型     

基于同步辐射的快速扫描X射线微束荧光成像方法

在上海光源硬X射线微聚焦光束线站(BL15U1)上, 基于EPICS软件平台, 集成运动控制, 光强探测, 荧光探测等功能, 实现了"飞行"模式 (on-the-fly) X射线扫描微束荧光成像方法. 用"飞行"扫描X射线荧光成像法获得了标准镍网, 以及微量元素Cu, Zn,K, Fe在样品老鼠脾内的分布图像, 结果显示该方法不但在速度上有了极大的提高, 而且获得的元素分布图像具有高质量. 关键词： 快速扫描X射线微束荧光成像 同步辐射 微量元素分布     

Describing spatiotemporal couplings in ultrashort pulses using coupling coefficients

Three coupling coefficients are defined to describe spatiotemporal coupling in ultrashort pulses. With these coupling coefficients, the first-order spatiotemporal couplings of Gaussian pulse and beam are described analytically. Also, the first-order and the second-order spatiotemporal couplings caused by angular dispersion elements are studied using these coupling coefficients. It can be shown that these coupling coefficients are dimensionless and normalized, and readily indicate the severity of spatiotemporal coupling.     

Fabrication and characterization of CdS-sensitized TiO<Subscript>2</Subscript> nanotube photoelectrode

CdS quantum dot (Qd)-sensitized TiO₂ nanotube array photoelectrode is synthesised via a two-step method on tin-doped In₂O₃-coated (ITO) glass substrate. TiO₂ nanotube arrays are prepared in the ethylene glycol electrolyte solution by anodizing titanium films which are deposited on ITO glass substrate by radio frequency sputtering. Then, the CdS Qds are deposited on the nanotubes by successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction technique. The resulting nanotube arrays are characterized by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV–visible absorption spectroscopy. The length of the obtained nanotubes reaches 1.60 μm and their inner diameter and wall thickness are around 90 and 20 nm, respectively. The XRD results show that the as-prepared TiO₂ nanotubes array is amorphous, which are converted to anatase TiO₂ after annealed at 450 °C for 2 h. The CdS Qds deposited on the TiO₂ nanotubes shift the absorption edge of TiO₂ from 388 to 494 nm. The results show that the CdS-sensitized TiO₂ nanotubes array film can be used as the photoelectrode for solar cells.