Microemulsion droplets decorated by Brij700 block copolymer: phase behavior and structural investigation by SAXS and SANS

The phase behavior and structure of a four-component microemulsion system forming droplets with an oil core surrounded by the non-ionic C12E5 surfactant in water and "decorated" by long PEO chains using the block copolymer/surfactant Brij 700 has been studied. The surfactant-to-oil volume ratio, the coverage density of the droplets with decorating molecules, and the temperature were varied. For a surfactant-to-oil volume ratio of 2, the solutions form isotropic and clear solutions at room temperature, and the addition of Brij molecules stabilize the micelles: the transition to an opaque phase is shifted to higher temperatures as the surface coverage increases. At a surfactant-to-oil ratio of 1, the isotropic microemulsion phase is confined to a very narrow range of temperature, which location is shifted to increasing temperature, as the amount of Brij at the surface of the droplet is increased. For large surface coverages, the lower emulsification boundary varies roughly linearly with the surface coverage. The structure of the droplet phase was investigated by small-angle neutron scattering (SANS) and small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). For a surfactant-to-oil ratio of 2, the SANS data revealed a transition from rodlike to spherical particles when Brij molecules are added to the system, which induces a larger curvature of the surfactant film. For a surfactant-to-oil ratio of 1, the droplets are nearly spherical at all surface coverages. The intermicellar interactions effects become increasingly more pronounced as Brij is added, due to the introduction of the highly swollen corona. A quantitative analysis of some of the SAXS data was done using an advanced model based on Monte Carlo simulations. It demonstrates the strong chain-chain interactions within the corona and confirms the increased interparticle interactions, as the coverage density is increased.     

SOI高温器件及其在汽车电子等领域中的应用

石油钻井,航空航天,汽车等工业领域急需在高温下工作的器件和电路。ＳＯＩ技术在高温器件和电路方面有着广泛的应用前景。文章简要介绍了ＳＯＩ技术应用于制造高温器件和电路方面的进展情况。     

Structure of unilamellar vesicles: Numerical analysis based on small-angle neutron scattering data

The structure of polydispersed populations of unilamellar vesicles is studied by small-angle neutron scattering for three types of lipid systems, namely, single-, two-and four-component vesicular systems. Results of the numerical analysis based on the separated-form-factor model are reported.     

Classical Invasive Description of Informationally-Complete Quantum Processes

In classical stochastic theory, the joint probability distributions of a stochastic process obey by definition the Kolmogorov consistency conditions. Interpreting such a process as a sequence of physical measurements with probabilistic outcomes, these conditions reflect that the measurements do not alter the state of the underlying physical system. Prominently, this assumption has to be abandoned in the context of quantum mechanics, yet there are also classical processes in which measurements influence the measured system. Here, conditions that characterize uniquely classical processes that are probed by a reasonable class of such invasive measurements are derived. We then analyze under what circumstances such classical processes can simulate the statistics arising from quantum processes associated with informationally-complete measurements. It is expected that this investigation will help build a bridge between two fundamental traits of non-classicality, namely, coherence and contextuality.