The Synergistic Effect of a Mixture of the Oligomer of 2,2,4-Trimethyl-1,2-Digidrochinoline and Polymeric Petroleum Resin on the Adhesion of Chlorobutyl Rubber to Steel

Studies have been carried out to increase the adhesion and heat resistance of insulating tape coatings based on chlorobutyl rubber applied on pipelines. It is shown that the synergistic effect of the growth of adhesion of chlorobutyl rubber to steel by the co-administration of the oligomer of 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydroquinoline and polymeric petroleum resin is due to the increased interaction of the oligomer with chlorobutyl rubber under the action of a polymeric petroleum resin and the high adhesion of the oligomer to steel.     

The aggregation of the merocyanine dyes, depending of the type of the counterions

Counterions affect on the substructures formation in the case of the merocyanine dye, 1-methyl-4-[2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethenyl)]piridinium] hydrogensquarate both in gas and condense phase. Spectroscopically and structural elucidation of these aggregates have been performed, using solid-state conventional and linear-polarized IR-spectroscopy of oriented colloids as a nematic liquid crystal suspension, UV-vis spectroscopy, HPLC tandem ESI mass spectrometry, (1)H and (13)C NMR, TGV and DSC. Quantum chemical DFT calculations have been carried out as well. Experimental and theoretical data are compared with analogous ones of corresponding iodide salt of dye studied.     

Enhanced photocatalytic activity of thin TiO2 films dotted with ZnS nanoparticles

The effect of Ni loading on the catalytic activity of Ni/ZrO₂ catalyst for methane steam reforming was investigated. The sample containing 15 wt.% Ni exhibited the highest activity as well as stability at 600°C. An erratum to this article is available at .     

The basicity of unsaturated hydrocarbons as probed by hydrogen-bond-acceptor ability: bifurcated N-H+ ...pi hydrogen bonding

The competitive substitution of the anion (A(-)) in contact ion pairs of the type [Oct3NH+]B(C6F5)4 (-) by unsaturated hydrocarbons (L) in accordance with the equilibrium Oct3NH+...A(-) + nL right arrow over left arrow [Oct3NH+...Ln]A(-) has been studied in CCl4. On the basis of equilibrium constants, K, and shifts of nuNH to low frequency, it has been established that complexed Oct3NH...+Ln cations with n=1 and 2 are formed and have unidentate and bifurcated N--H+...pi hydrogen bonds, respectively. Bifurcated hydrogen bonds to unsaturated hydrocarbons have not been observed previously. The unsaturated hydrocarbons studied include benzene and methylbenzenes, fused-ring aromatics, alkenes, conjugated dienes, and alkynes. From the magnitude of the redshifts in the N--H stretching frequencies, Delta nuNH, a new scale for ranking the pi basicity of unsaturated hydrocarbons is proposed: fused-ring aromatics相似文献   

Preparation and properties of wooden fiberboards with phenol cardanol formaldehyde adhesives

The results of a study of wooden fiberboards, for which phenol cardanol formaldehyde resins with different cardanol content were used as binders, are shown. The influence of technological factors on the bending strength of fiberboards and their water absorption in the case of the use of such binders is shown.     

The Skyrme-TQRPA calculations of electron capture on hot nuclei in pre-supernova environment

We combine the thermal QRPA approach with the Skyrme energy density functional theory (Skyrme–TQRPA) for modelling the process of electron capture on nuclei in supernova environment. For a sample nucleus, ⁵⁶Fe, the Skyrme–TQRPA approach is applied to analyze thermal effects on the strength function of GT₊ transitions which dominate electron capture at E _e ≤ 30 MeV. Several Skyrme interactions are used in order to verify the sensitivity of the obtained results to the Skyrme force parameters. Finite-temperature cross sections are calculated and the results are comparedwith those of the other model calculations.     

A weight-function approach for determining watershed initial conditions for combustion waves

In many generic combustion models, one finds that a combustionwave will develop with a specific wave speed. However, thereare possible initial temperature profiles which do not evolveinto such waves, but rather die out to the ambient temperature.There can exist, in some models, a clear distinction betweenthose initial conditions that do evolve into combustion wavesand those that do not; this is sometimes referred to as thewatershed initial condition. When fuel consumption is consideredto be negligible, analytical methods can be used to obtain theexact watershed. In this paper, we consider the problem of determiningpseudo-watersheds and ascertaining the relationship betweenthese pseudo-watersheds and the exact watersheds. In the processa novel weight-function approach for infinite spatial domainsis developed.     

Polarization interferometer as a proximity sensor

A simple interferometric phasemeter which can be used as a proximity sensor is described. It is based on the measurement of the phase shift between the p- and s- components of a field caused by the processes of attenuation in total internal reflection. The role of the interferometer is to restore the p- and the s- components from the resultant totally reflected field, with minimum amplitude and phase distortions and to let them interfere. The phase shift as a function of the attenuation of the total internal reflection can be determined from the interference signal. The interferometer is of a common path polarization shearing type, consisting of Rochon beamsplitter and a linear polarizer. An experiment for measuring the distance between glass plane surface and a plane attenuater made of Si mono-crystal is described. A good agreement between theory and experiment for separations less than 300 nm is observed. This device can be applied in research and metrology. After further modifications, the optical system could be used for proximity sensing, surface geometry control, variable optical retarders, contamination monitoring, etc.     

The nature of the H3O+ hydronium ion in benzene and chlorinated hydrocarbon solvents. Conditions of existence and reinterpretation of infrared data

Salts of the C(3v) symmetric hydronium ion, H(3)O(+), have been obtained in the weakly basic solvents benzene, dichloromethane, and 1,2-dichloroethane. This is made possible by using carborane counterions of the type CHB(11)R(5)X(6)(-) (R = H, Me, Cl; X = Cl, Br, I) because they combine the three required properties of a suitable counterion: very low basicity, low polarizability, and high chemical stability. The existence of the H(3)O(+) ion requires the formation of three more-or-less equivalent, medium-to-strong H-bonds with solvent or anion bases. With the least basic anions such as CHB(11)Cl(11)(-), IR spectroscopy indicates that C(3v) symmetric trisolvates of formulation [H(3)O(+) .3Solv] are formed with chlorocarbon solvents and benzene, the latter with the formation of pi bonds. When the solvents and anions have comparable basicity, contact ion pairs of the type [H(3)O(+).nSolv.Carborane] are formed and close to C(3v) symmetry is retained. The conditions for the existence of the H(3)O(+) ion are much more exacting than previously appreciated. Outside of the range of solvent basicity bounded at the lower end by dichloromethane and the upper end by tributyl phosphate, and with anions that do not meet the stringent requirements of weak basicity, low polarizability of high chemical stability, lower symmetry species are formed. One H-bond from H(3)O(+) to the surrounding bases becomes stronger than the other two. The distortion from C(3v) symmetry is minor for bases weaker than dichloromethane. For bases stronger than tributyl phosphate, H(2)O-H(+)-B type species are formed that are more closely related to the H(5)O(2)(+) ion than to H(3)O(+). IR data allow criteria to be defined for the existence of the symmetric H(3)O(+) ion. This includes a linear dependence between the frequencies of nu(max)(OH) and delta(OH(3)) within the ranges 3010-2536 cm(-1) for nu(max)(OH) and 1597-1710 cm(-1) for delta(OH(3)). This provides a simple way to assess the correctness of the formulation of the proton state in monohydrated acids. In particular, the 30-year-old citation classic of the IR spectrum believed to arise from H(3)O(+) SbCl(6)(-) is re-interpreted in terms of (H(2)O)(x)().HSbCl(6) hydrates. The correctness of the hydronium ion formulation in crystalline H(3)O(+)A(-) salts (A(-) = Cl(-), NO(3)(-)) is confirmed, although, when A(-) is a fluoroanion, distortions from C(3)(v)() symmetry are suggested.