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111.
112.
Thermal, structural and optical properties of Nd3+ ions in tellurite glass (TeO2-ZnO-Na2O-Li2O-Nb2O5) have been investigated. Differential thermal analysis revealed reasonably good forming tendency of the glass composition. FTIR spectra were used to analyze the functional groups present in the glass. Judd-Ofelt intensity parameters were derived from the absorption spectrum and used to calculate the radiative lifetime, branching ratio and stimulated emission cross-section of the 4F3/2→4I9/2, 11/2, 13/2 transitions. The quantum efficiency of the 4F3/2 level is comparable as well as higher than the typical value of the other tellurite based glasses. The decay from the 4F3/2 level is found to be single exponential for different concentrations of Nd3+ ions with a shortening of lifetime with increasing concentration. The experimental values of branching ratio and saturation intensity of 4F3/2→4I11/2 transition indicate the favourable lasing action with low threshold power. 相似文献
113.
On the parametrization of the toxicity of organic chemicals to Tetrahymena pyriformis. The problem of establishing a uniform activity 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
In this report we illustrate the importance of making an effort to ensure that all of the dependent variables in a QSAR are associated with one mechanism of action. If this cannot be established, it will not be possible to compare the QSAR with others acting on different biological systems. That is, such information cannot be used to develop a science of chemical-biological interactions. A study of the action of a large set of phenols acting on Tetrahymena pyriformis made by Cronin and Schultz is analyzed to illustrate the problem. 相似文献
114.
Joseph BK Verghese B Sudarsanakumar C Deepa S Viswam D Chandran P Asokan CV 《Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)》2002,(7):736-737
The conformational change induced by the introduction of a ketenedithioacetal moiety at C-4 of 1,7-substituted-1,6-heptadiene-3,5-diones results in favorable spatial relationships between the alkenoyl groups to effect efficient intramolecular cycloadditions: irradiation of bis(alkenoyl)ketenedithioacetals in solution leads to facile and stereospecific intramolecular [2 + 2] photocycloadditions resulting in the formation of substituted bicyclo[3.2.0]heptane-2,4-diones, the observed conformational rigidity of which is attributed to the push-pull character of the ketenedithioacetal group. 相似文献
115.
116.
M. C. Reddy B. P. Nagi Reddy K. R. Sridharan J. Ramakrishna 《Magnetic resonance in chemistry : MRC》1984,22(7):464-467
From consideration of 1H–1H vicinal coupling constants and 13C? 1H long-range coupling constants in a series of amino acid derivatives, the precise values of 13C component vicinal coupling constants have been calculated for the three minimum energy staggered rotamers for the C(α)H? C(β)H2 side-chains of amino acids. 相似文献
117.
This paper presents a new approach to the analysis of finite element methods based onC
0-finite elements for the approximate solution of 2nd order boundary value problems in which error estimates are derived directly in terms of two mesh dependent norms that are closely ralated to theL
2 norm and to the 2nd order Sobolev norm, respectively, and in which there is no assumption of quasi-uniformity on the mesh family. This is in contrast to the usual analysis in which error estimates are first derived in the 1st order Sobolev norm and subsequently are derived in theL
2 norm and in the 2nd order Sobolev norm — the 2nd order Sobolev norm estimates being obtained under the assumption that the functions in the underlying approximating subspaces lie in the 2nd order Sobolev space and that the mesh family is quasi-uniform. 相似文献
118.
The finite element method with Lagrangian multipliers 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
Ivo Babuška 《Numerische Mathematik》1973,20(3):179-192
Summary The Dirichlet problem for second order differential equations is chosen as a model problem to show how the finite element method may be implemented to avoid difficulty in fulfilling essential (stable) boundary conditions. The implementation is based on the application of Lagrangian multiplier. The rate of convergence is proved.This paper was supported by the Atomic Energy Commission under Contract No. AEC AT (40-1) 3443/4. 相似文献
119.
Prasad Varanasi Larry A. Pugh Babu R.P. Bangaru 《Journal of Quantitative Spectroscopy & Radiative Transfer》1974,14(9):829-838
Integrated intensity data at 300°K for J-multiplets between P(11)and R(11) in the V3-fundamental of 12CH4 are presented, along with the intensity of the entire Q-branch, which also encompasses the Q-branch of the V3-fundamental of 13CH4. These data, together with theoretical estimates for the intensities of J-multiplets of J > 11, sum up to a value of Sband= 284±14cm?2atm?1 at 300°K. This results is in excellent agreement with most of the previously published values for this parameter. Within experimental error, the intensities of the J-multiplets in the V3-fundamental do not seem to exhibit the strong anamolies that were characteristic of lines in the 2V3-band.Line widths have been measured at 100°K, 130°K, 190°K, 250°K, and 300°K for R(0), R(1), and R(2) broadened by He, Ne and Ar. The temperature dependence of the line width is discussed for the three cases of broadening. In neon broadening at 300°K, the ‘effective mean line widths’ for multiplets R(3) through R(11) have also been obtained experimentally; their J-dependence is interpreted using Gordon's theory of line shapes in multiplet spectra. 相似文献
120.
M. D. Sastry M. K. Bhide K. Savitri Y. Babu B. D. Joshi 《Fresenius' Journal of Analytical Chemistry》1979,298(5):367-372
Summary Studies were conducted on the assay of Sm, Eu, Dy and Er separated from uranium using aqueous standards by electrothermal AAS with Massmann type graphite furnace. The working curves were found to be linear in the ranges Sm (1–10 g/ml), Eu (0.05–0.6 g/ml), Dy (0.1–0.8 g/ml) and Er (0.1–1.0 g/ml). The values obtained for synthetic samples agreed favourably with those obtained by emission spectrographic method. Experiments using pyrolytic carbon coated tubes with and without pretreatment by La, Ta and Y have shown an enhancement with treatment upto a maximum of 15% and improve the memory effect marginally. The effect of Ta treatment was found to be singularly useful in improving the general behaviour of Sm. The interference effects of lanthanides, other than the analyte, were found to be negligible. However, the presence of uranium was found to affect the absorbance. The absorbance of Eu was found to be nearly independent of uranium after an initial increase. On the other hand, the absorbance of other elements studied was found to drastically decrease after an initial enhancement. Detailed investigations of temperature dependence of absorbance were carried out using Eu, Dy and Er. The differences in the behaviour of these elements is attributed to probable differences in the modes of their atomization.
Untersuchung von aus Uran abgetrenntem Samarium, Europium, Dysprosium und Erbium durch elektrothermische Atomabsorptions-Spektralphotometrie
Zusammenfassung Die Untersuchungen wurden mit Hilfe des Graphitrohrofens nach Maßmann durchgeführt. In folgenden Bereichen ergaben sich lineare Eichkurven: Sm 1–10 g/ml, Eu 0,05–0,6 g/ml, Dy 0,1–0,8 g/ml, Er 0,1-1,0 g/ml. Die aus synthetischen Proben erhaltenen Ergebnisse stimmten gut mit den durch Emissionsspektrographie erhaltenen überein. Versuche wurden mit Röhren mit pyrolytischen Kohlenstoffüberzug mit und ohne Vorbehandlung durch La, Ta und Y durchgeführt und ergaben eine bis 15%ige Steigerung durch die Behandlung sowie eine mäßige Besserung des Memoryeffektes. Eine Behandlung mit Ta war besonders für Sm vorteilhaft. Störungen durch andere Lanthanide waren vernachlässigbar. Uran beeinflußte jedoch die Absorption. Im Falle von Eu zeigte sich nach anfänglicher Zunahme fast eine Unabhängigkeit, während bei den anderen untersuchten Elementen nach anfänglicher Zunahme eine beträchtliche Abnahme auftrat. Mit Eu, Dy und Er wurde ebenfalls die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Absorption untersucht. Festgestellte Unterschiede im Verhalten werden auf unterschiedliche Atomisierung zurückgeführt.相似文献