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HAI QING LIU LI NA ZHANG AKIRA TAKARAGI TAKEAKI MIYAMOTO 《Cellulose (London, England)》1997,4(4):321-327
The effect of substituent distribution on the water solubility of O-methylcellulose (MC) was re-examined to elucidate the
lower limit of the degree of substitution (DS) in water-soluble MC. To this end, a series of 2,3-MCs which are regioselectively
substituted at the C-2 and C-3 hydroxyl groups were prepared by homogeneous methylation. It was found that the lower limit
for the DS value of water-soluble 2,3-MC was almost the same as that for MCs having even distributions of substituents along
the cellulose chain as well as in the anhydroglucose units.
This revised version was published online in August 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
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J. Badier J. Boucrot J. Bourotte G. Burgun O. Callot Ph. Charpentier M. Crozon D. Decamp P. Delpierre P. Espigat B. Gandois R. Hagelberg M. Hansroul Y. Karyotakis W. Kienzle P. Le D? J. Lefran?ois Th. Leray J. Maillard A. Michelini Ph. Mine G. Rahal O. Runolfsson P. Siegrist A. Tilquin J. Valentin R. Vanderhaghen S. Weisz NA Collaboration 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1981,11(3):195-202
From π- interactions at 150 GeV/c on a heavy target, we present the final analysis of the dimuon decay angular distribution in the mass interval 4.5–8.5 GeV/c2. Results are presented and discussed in various reference frames and are also given in terms of the density matrix elements. Finally the possible contribution of higher-twist effects at largex 1 is discussed; we find that our data are not compatible with higher twist contributions as proposed by the Berger and Brodsky Model. 相似文献
35.
M. C. Abreu M. Alimi C. Baglin A. Baldit G. P. Barreira M. Bedjidian P. Bordalo S. Borenstein J. Britz A. Bussiere P. Busson A. Casaca R. Cases J. Castor C. Charlot B. Chaurand D. Contardo E. Descroix A. Devaux J. Fargeix X. Felgeyrolles P. Force L. Fredj J. M. Gago C. Gerschel P. Gomes P. Gorodetzky J. Y. Grossiord A. Guichard J. P. Guillaud R. Haroutunian L. Kluberg L. Kraus G. Landaud I. Linck C. Louren?o A. Maio L. Peralta M. Pimenta J. R. Pizzi C. Racca S. Ramos A. Romana R. Salmeron A. Sinquin P. Sonderegger J. Varela NA Collaboration 《Zeitschrift fur Physik C Particles and Fields》1988,38(1):129-133
The like-sign dimuons copiously recorded in the NA 38 experiment both inp-U and O?U reactions at 200 GeV/nucleon are interpreted as resulting from decays of π andK mesons in comparable proportions. The ++/?? ratio is large (?1.7) and ascribed to theK + being more copiously produced than theK ?. Both the average transverse momentum and the ++/?? ratio are comparable forp-U and O?U reactions, and both increase only slightly with the transverse energyE T . 相似文献
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本文运用Levy提出的变换研究需求可变性降低对风险偏好零售商的库存决策、销售努力决策和期望效用的影响,用均值CVaR刻画零售商的风险偏好特性,它包括风险厌恶、风险追求,也具有损失规避的特性。首先,运用该变换定量刻画需求可变性的降低,证明该变换蕴含经典随机占优中的割准则序和二阶随机占优等。其次,给出系统的最优订货量、最优期望效用和最优销售努力水平,得到它们关于风险偏好系数的单调性,并给出降低需求可变性对期望效用的影响。第三,针对风险中性、风险厌恶(最大化CVaR)和风险追求(最小化CVaR)这三种特殊情况得到相应的结果,并给出企业在库存决策和促销决策的管理启示。最后,通过数值例子验证了得到的研究结果并给出相应的管理启示。 相似文献
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采用磁控反应共溅射的方法,以金属Ce和Sn为金属源,成功地制备出CeOx-SnOx薄膜.利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和X射线光电子能谱(XPS)等测试手段对薄膜的结构、表面形貌及成分进行了分析和表征.结果表明薄膜以岛状模式生长,随氩氧比降低,结晶性增强,出现CeO2和SnO相.此外,利用紫外-可见分光光度计对薄膜的光学性能进行了研究,测试结果表明薄膜对紫外光有极强的吸收作用.当氩氧流量比为3∶1时,紫外光平均透过率仅为5.80;,而可见光平均透过率为81.48;. 相似文献
39.
A series of proton exchange membranes based on sulfonated polyarylene ether ketones(SPAEKs) was used to study the effect of sulfonation degree on proton conductivity, methanol permeation and performance of direct methanol fuel cells(DMFCs). Dependences of physical characteristics of the membranes, i. e., proton conductivity, water uptake, swelling ratio, methanol permeability and ion exchange capacity(IEC) were systematically studied. Both methanol permeability and proton conductivity of the SPAEK membrane grow rapidly as the increase in sulfonation degree since methanol molecules and protons share the same transfer channel. However,the methanol permeability plays more important role comparing to proton conductivity. As a result, the SPAEK membrane with a medium sulfonation degree(60%) was found to yield the best performance in a DMFC due to the acquirement of balanced conductivity and methanol permeability. 相似文献
40.
Composite membranes based on sulfonated silica/sulfonated poly(ether ether ketone)(SPEEK) were prepared by means of sol-gel method so as to gain a high conductivity and reasonable methanol permeability.The sulfonated silica is generated in situ via the hydrolysis of sulfonated 3-anminopropyl triethoxysilane(KH550) synthesized newly from 3-aminopropyl triethoxysilane and 1,4-butane sultone.The membrane with a silica mass fraction of 5% exhibits a conductivity of 0.187 S/cm at 80 °C and a methanol coefficient with 9.72×10-7 cm2/s.The composite membranes show improved condutive ability and better selectivity that can be promisingly used in direct methanol fuel cell. 相似文献