Average local electrostatic potential and the core-valency separation in atoms

The average local electrostatic potential function, V(r)/ ρ(r), is calculated for 87 atoms, Li-Ac, in the ground state using the nonrelativistic average-over-configuration numerical Hartree-Fock density. It is found empirically that in a given atom the shell boundaries are expressed as the successively increasing maxima in V(r)/ ρ(r) and the outermost maximum presents good approximate estimates of the core-valence separation in atoms. The likeness in behavior of V(r)/ ρ(r) at each shell boundary with the maximum hardness principle is discussed. The single-exponent-fit parameters for the electron density in the valency region are provided for all atoms. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.     

萘降解菌LHJ38生物合成靛蓝的研究

萘降解菌LHJ38在金属盐培养基中加入水杨酸钠诱导培养后能提高其生物合成靛蓝的能力,在LB培养基中加入水杨酸钠反而抑制了其生物合成靛蓝的能力.与LHJ38最适生长pH值不同,LHJ38生物合成靛蓝的最佳pH值范围是8.45—9.45,在pH为8.95的情况下生物合成靛蓝能力是其在pH值为6.95的情况下的两倍.     

Diaryl ethers using Fischer chromium carbene mediated benzannulation

[formula: see text] The biological relevance and irresistible synthetic challenge of compounds containing the diaryl ether linkage encourages the development of new methodologies targeted toward this structural subunit. The syntheses of diaryl ethers 2 using a benzannulation strategy that formally involves a [3 + 2 + 1] cycloaddition between aryloxy-substituted Fischer carbenes 1 and alkynes are described. This methodology provides a neutral near ambient temperature formation of diaryl ethers.     

PBA@POM Hybrids as Efficient Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Evolution Reaction

To realize the effective conversion of renewable energy through water decomposition, efficient electrocatalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) are essential. In this article, PBA@POM was successfully prepared with a Prussian blue analogue (PBA) as the initial structure. A facile hydrothermal process is reported for obtaining PBA@POM by etching the cubic PBA with a strong Brønsted acid, H₃PMo₁₂O₄₀ (HPMo). The hollow cube structure not only exposes more active sites but also promotes electron transport, which results in excellent electrocatalytic activity for the OER. Compared with the PBA, which initially simply adhered to POM, the optimum PBA@POM hybrids display remarkably enhanced OER catalytic activity, with an almost constant overpotential of 440 mV at a current density of 10 mA cm^?2 and a small Tafel slope (23.45 mV dec^?1). The facilely prepared PBA@POM with good electrochemical activity and stability promises great potential for the OER.     

Formation of nanostructured polymer filaments in nanochannels

We describe the use of hard etching methods to create nanodimensional channels and their use as templates for the formation of polymer filament arrays with precise dimensional and orientational control in a single integrated step. The procedure is general as illustrated by the radical, coordination, and photochemical polymerizations that were performed in these nanochannels. The nanochannel templates (20 nm high, 20-200 nm wide, and 100 mum long) were fabricated by the combined use of electron-beam lithography and a sacrificial metal line etching technique. Radical polymerization of acrylates, metal-catalyzed polymerization of norbornene, and photochemical polymerization of 1,4-diiodothiophene were carried out in these nanochannels. The polymers grown follow the dimensions and orientation of the channels, and the polymer filaments can be released without breaking. The approach opens up the possibility of just-in-place manufacturing and processing of patterns and devices from nanostructured polymers using well-established polymer chemistry.     

Gravimetric determination of thorium and zirconium

Summary Thorium and zirconium can be quantitatively precipitated by quinaldinic acid atph 2.7 and 3, respectively. As the precipitates are of nonstoichiometric composition they are to be ignited to oxides. By this reagent thorium can be quantitatively separated from arsenic (As³⁺), mercury (Hg²⁺), rare earths, manganese, magnesium and alkaline earths and zirconium from all the aforesaid ions excepting rare earths which contaminate to a slight extent.     

A Novel Green Synthesis of Quinolines through Acid-catalyzed Friedlander Reaction in Ionic Liquids

Quinoline derivatives were efficiently prepared through acid-catalyzed Friedlander reaction in ionic liquid ([bmim] [BF4]). It is shown that the proposed method is operationally simple and environmentally benign in that the reaction media and the catalyst can be recovered and be reused effectively for at least four times.     

Determination of Total Reduced Thiol Levels in Plasma Using a Bromide Substituted Quinone

The exploitation of 2‐bromo‐1,4‐naphthoquinone (NQBr) as a selective redox label for the determination of reduced thiol functionalities (RSH) has been investigated. The system is selective for RSH functionality, giving distinct voltammetric signals for glutathione and cysteine but can also be adapted for broad spectrum thiol detection. Ion chromatographic protocols based on conductimetric detection enable total RSH analysis (protein and monomolecular moieties) within human plasma. Bromide released through the reaction can be easily quantified and integrated within normal IC measurements. The efficacy of the approach has been assessed and the response validated through comparison with the standard colorimetric technique.     

Simultaneous spectrofluorimetric determination of the rare earths with calcein

The reactivity of the fluorescent reagent calcein with the trivalent cations of the rare earths has been spectrofluorimetrically studied in aqueous solution. Optimum excitation and emission wavelengths were 492-497 and 519-522 nm, respectively. Optimum pH was in the range 6.0-9.2. The stoichiometry of the complexes was 1:1. A direct, rapid and sensitive method for the determination of rare earth mixtures has been proposed with a detection limit of 4.49x10(-8) M and a coefficient of variation of 0.82%.