低阻抗大面积二极管的研制

采用高纯石墨环状阴极和有机玻璃绝缘子,研制了一套低阻抗大面积二极管系统。使用理论计算和数值模拟方法对二极管进行优化设计,在保证绝缘要求的同时,尽量优化二极管轴向长度和内外筒距离以减小二极管的回路电感。实验结果表明,优化后的二极管能在200 kV左右的电压上稳定工作,绝缘结构未发生击穿现象;实验中最高输出电压为213 kV,电流为221 kA,特性阻抗约为1 ,电流密度为8 kA/cm2,脉宽(FWHM)为50 ns。     

Natural Polyphenols for Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a prevalent and serious gastrointestinal malignancy with high mortality and morbidity. Chemoprevention refers to a newly emerged strategy that uses drugs with chemopreventive properties to promote antioxidation, regulate cancer cell cycle, suppress proliferation, and induce cellular apoptosis, so as to improve cancer treatment outcomes. Natural polyphenols are currently recognized as a class of chemopreventive agents that have shown remarkable anticarcinogenic properties. Numerous in vitro and in vivo studies have elucidated the anti-CRC mechanisms of natural polyphenols, such as regulation of various molecular and signaling pathways. Natural polyphenols are also reportedly capable of modulating the gut microbiota and cancer stem cells (CSCs) to suppress tumor formation and progression. Combined use of different natural polyphenols is recommended due to their low bioavailability and instability, and combination treatment can exert synergistical effects, reduce side effects, and avoid drug resistance in CRC treatment. In summary, the application of polyphenols in the chemoprevention and treatment of CRC is promising. Further clinical evaluation of their effectiveness is warranted and anticipated.     

开关放电分散性对FLTD模块输出的影响模拟

建立了包含开关放电分散性的电路模型,模型通过电压控制开关和自击穿开关模型的结合,可对开关抖动及支路间放电的相互影响进行模拟,利用研制的300 kA单级直线型变压器驱动源(FLTD)模块进行了实验验证,模拟结果与实验相吻合。进而针对设计的20支路FLTD模块建立了电路模型,模拟分析了模块支路开关放电分散性对输出电流峰值和上升沿的影响,模拟结果表明,开关抖动小于5 ns时对模块输出影响较小。     

电磁轨道炮高速滑动接触电阻的定量表征

从描述电磁轨道炮炮口电压波形的场路模型出发,构建了电枢/轨道高速滑动接触电阻与轨道电流波形、炮口电压波形、电枢膛内速度曲线和轨道结构参数之间的关系,依据此关系可定量表征电磁轨道炮高速滑动接触电阻。实例计算表明,电枢/轨道高速滑动接触电阻的变化依赖于轨道电流变化,对应电流上升段、平顶段和电流下降段。在平顶段接触电阻最小约0.2 m,在电流上升段和电流下降段,接触电阻达3 m。     

基于有限元-时域分段自适应算法的围岩衬砌耦合渐进分析

以开挖时间、一衬时间、二衬时间划分时间区段,考虑围岩与衬砌为弹性/粘弹性介质,将围岩的“位移/应力释放不完全”、开挖等影响模拟为载荷的渐进释放,提出一个有限元-时域分段自适应算法,求解围岩衬砌耦合问题,并通过数值算例对算法进行了验证.所提方法给出了各时间区段的关联条件;可更准确描述各变量随时间的变化;同时将原时空耦合问题转化为一系列空间问题,并利用有限元方法递推求解;当步长变化时可通过自适应计算保证稳定的计算精度.此外,还建立了一个载荷渐进参数的反问题数值求解模型,并给出了相关算例.     

油品对DMCC甲醛排放的比较研究

为了研究甲醇燃料发动机尾气中甲醛的排放特征,在一台经过改装的组合燃烧发动机上,采用标准测试柴油(TF)和普通市场柴油(MF)进行了实验,比较了燃用不同油料时的甲醛排放特征.实验结果表明;在相同甲醇掺烧比时,两种油料均是在低负荷时甲醛排放最高,在中负荷时最低,在高负荷时甲醛排放居中,三种负荷下MF甲醛排放均比TF高;此外,实验还对比了相同负荷、不同甲醇掺烧比时的甲醛排放,均表现出MF的甲醛排放比TF高,在高负荷下甚至达到2.5倍;实验还表明单纯的依靠氧化催化转化器不能有效降低甲醛排放.     

用化学溶液方法在Ni-5at%W基底上制备La2Zr2O7过渡层的研究

La2Zr2O7(LZO)过渡层以其独特的物理化学性质越来越受到人们的关注。本文以乙酰丙酮镧和乙酰丙酮锆为前驱盐,丙酸为溶剂配置前驱液,用化学溶液方法(CSD)在具有立方织构的Ni-5at%W基底上制备了LZO过渡层薄膜。研究了前驱液成分、性质以及退火温度对LZO成相以及取向的影响。用常规XRD和X射线四环衍射仪分析了LZO薄膜的相成分和织构。结果显示,在1050℃下退火可以获得强立方织构的LZO薄膜,其中(222)峰的Phi扫描半高宽值为8.95°;(400)峰的Chi扫描半高宽值为6.8°。用高分辨扫描电子显微镜(FE-SEM)观察到LZO薄膜表面均匀致密,没有裂纹和空洞。     

Green Tea (Camellia sinensis): A Review of Its Phytochemistry,Pharmacology, and Toxicology

Objectives Green tea (Camellia sinensis) is a kind of unfermented tea that retains the natural substance in fresh leaves to a great extent. It is regarded as the second most popular drink in the world besides water. In this paper, the phytochemistry, pharmacology, and toxicology of green tea are reviewed systematically and comprehensively. Key findings Green tea has been demonstrated to be good for human health. Nowadays, multiple pharmacologically active components have been isolated and identified from green tea, including tea polyphenols, alkaloids, amino acids, polysaccharides, and volatile components. Recent studies have demonstrated that green tea shows versatile pharmacological activities, such as antioxidant, anticancer, hypoglycemic, antibacterial, antiviral, and neuroprotective. Studies on the toxic effects of green tea extract and its main ingredients have also raised concerns including hepatotoxicity and DNA damage. Summary Green tea can be used to assist the treatment of diabetes, Alzheimer’s disease, oral cancer, and dermatitis. Consequently, green tea has shown promising practical prospects in health care and disease prevention.     

聚苯乙烯型离子交换树脂的研究进展

介绍了聚苯乙烯型离子交换树脂的合成方法;综述了近年来在氯甲基化反应、Mannich反应以及磺化反应上的新进展、新理论：从结构上对聚苯乙烯型离子交换树脂的强度和热稳定性进行了分析。聚苯乙烯型离子交换树脂具有稳定的物理化学性质、吸附选择独特、再生容易、操作简便、使用周期长等优良性能,大大促进了化工企业、制药工业、环保、医疗、分析等行业的发展,具有广阔的发展前景。     

Conformational Selection Mechanism Provides Structural Insights into the Optimization of APC-Asef Inhibitors

Metastasis is the major cause of death in colorectal cancer and it has been proven that inhibiting an interaction between adenomatous polyposis coli (APC) and Rho guanine nucleotide exchange factor 4 (Asef) efficaciously restrain metastasis. However, current inhibitors cannot achieve a satisfying effect in vivo and need to be optimized. In the present study, we applied molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and extensive analyses to apo and holo APC systems in order to reveal the inhibitor mechanism in detail and provide insights into optimization. MD simulations suggested that apo APC takes on a broad array of conformations and inhibitors stabilize conformation selectively. Representative structures in trajectories show specific APC-ligand interactions, explaining the different binding process. The stability and dynamic properties of systems elucidate the inherent factors of the conformation selection mechanism. Binding free energy analysis quantitatively confirms key interface residues and guide optimization. This study elucidates the conformation selection mechanism in APC-Asef inhibition and provides insights into peptide-based drug design.