A novel migrative addition reaction of hydrazines to the diketone derivative of C60

A novel addition reaction of an aromatic hydrazine to the diketone derivative of C60 occurs highly regioselectively with an unusual migration of two hydrogen atoms from the hydrazine to the fullerene and affords a fluorescent product having a methylene carbon along the orifice.     

Non-steady state solidification of the Nd-123 superconducting oxides

Crystal growth of the melt-textured bulk Nd_1+xBa_2−xCu₃O_6+d (Nd123) superconducting oxides was investigated by employing isothermal undercooling solidification with hot-seeding in air. From the relationship between growth length and holding time, the Nd123 crystal was found to have almost stopped growing after a certain growth period, while the growth length increased proportionally to the holding time at an early stage of the crystal growth. As a result of quantitative analysis for the Nd123 crystal of which solidification was terminated, the distribution of the Nd/Ba substitution was observed to decrease in the Nd123 single crystal matrix from the seed crystal to the edge of the Nd123 crystals. Also, the substitution content at the edge of the Nd123 crystal, which corresponds to that at the final stage of the crystal growth, was found to be in good agreement with the minimum substitution of the Nd123 solid solution phase in the equilibrium phase diagram at this process temperature. These compositional changes could be explained using the equilibrium phase diagram as associated with the solid solution formation, which is responsible for the non-steady state solidification of the Nd123 crystals even for the isothermal undercooling processing.     

Biological radiation effects of carbon-14- and tritium-labeled 5-fluorouracil

This paper describes the biological radiation effects of carbon-14 and tritium labeled 5-fluorouracils (5-FU) which were given intraperitoneally at reasonable dose (14C: 1.85 MBq/kg (0.05 microCi/kg), 3H: 3.7 MBq/kg (0.1 microCi/kg)) and its forty times dose once a day for 3 days in mice. The results indicated that the change of body weight, urine and feces volume and its radioactivity, and organ weight and its residual radioactivity except pancreas were not observed any significant difference between three groups of both 14C and 3H, but white blood cell number markedly decreased proportionally with radioisotope dose of both 14C and 3H and also red blood cell number decreased by [6-3H]-5-FU 148 MBq/kg i.p. The results suggest that high level radioisotope dose of both 14C and 3H 5-FUs have no biological radiation effects on the studies of drug metabolism in vivo, however that in the case of hematogenic organ, the biological radiation effect is not disregarded.     

An efficient and selective conversion of sorbitol in ionic liquids: Use of ion exchange resin as a solid acid catalyst

Sorbitol was readily converted by heating in hydrophobic ionic liquids by the presence of ion exchange resins. Chemoseletivity of the dehydration depended on the choice of ion exchange resin; Nafion selectively produced isosorbide while Amberlite gave 1,5-anhydrosorbitol along with unreacted sorbitol. Ionic liquids used in the reaction were readily recovered by simple extraction procedure. With these procedures, we succeeded to prepare isosorbide in pure form, not contaminated with either ionic liquids or acid catalyst, by simple experimental procedure.