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Van Bael MJ Bekaert J Temst K Van Look L Moshchalkov VV Bruynseraede Y Howells GD Grigorenko AN Bending SJ Borghs G 《Physical review letters》2001,86(1):155-158
A scanning Hall probe microscope is used to study flux pinning in a thin superconducting Pb film covering a square array of single-domain Co dots with in-plane magnetization. We show that single flux quanta of opposite sign thread the superconducting film below T(c) at the opposite poles of these dipoles. Depending on the polarity of the applied field, flux lines are attracted to a specific pole of the dipoles, due to the direct interaction with the vortexlike structures induced by the local stray field. 相似文献
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van Eis MJ Wijsman GW de Wolf WH Bickelhaupt F Rogers DW Kooijman H Spek AL 《Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)》2000,6(9):1537-1546
The course of the hydrogenation of [5]- and [6]metacyclophane (1b and 1c) and their thermochemistry is described. Both compounds are hydrogenated rapidly (within 10 s) to furnish the bridgehead olefins 13b and 12c. The accompanying hydrogenation enthalpies are -220 and -141 kJmol(-1), respectively. Strain energies (SE) and olefinic strains (OS) of a number of bridgehead olefins have been evaluated by DFT calculations; it was concluded that 13b belongs to the class of hyperstable olefins which correlates nicely with its reluctance to undergo hydrogenation. By combining experimental hydrogenation enthalpies and DFT calculations, SE of 187 and 121 kJmol(-1) were derived for 1b and 1c. 相似文献
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