Brnsted-Lewis有机-无机杂多酸催化模拟催化裂化汽油的烷基化脱硫反应

合成了一系列Brnsted-Lewis双酸性有机-无机杂多酸,并将其应用于催化模拟催化裂化(FCC)汽油的烷基化脱硫反应中.筛选出脱硫效果最佳的催化剂为Sm_(0.33)[MIM-PS]HPW_(12)O_(40),考察了该催化剂用量、反应温度及反应时间等因素对模拟油中噻吩类硫化物转化率的影响.获得的最佳反应条件为剂/油质量比1∶50、反应温度125℃及反应时间1 h.在最佳反应条件下,3种硫化物噻吩(T)、2-甲基噻吩(2-MT)和3-甲基噻吩(3-MT)均几乎完全转化,即脱硫率都接近100%.催化剂Sm_(0.33)[MIM-PS]HPW_(12)O_(40)具有良好的循环使用性能,循环使用12次,其催化活性基本保持不变.     

Synthesis and rheological property of various modified nano-SiO2/AM/AA hyperbranched polymers for oil displacement

Russian Journal of Applied Chemistry - In this study, various modified nano-SiO2 functional monomers (nano-SiO2-KH540-MAH) were prepared and reacted with acrylamide (AM) and acrylate (AA) to...     

Water-soluble palladium nanoparticles as an active catalyst for highly selective hydrogenation of nitrobenzene to aniline

Palladium (Pd) nanoparticles (NPs) stabilized by tri-block copolymer polyoxyethylene–polyoxypropylene–polyoxyethylene (P123) micelles were synthesized in water using a hydrogenation reduction method. Well-dispersed P123 micelles in the aqueous phase favored the stabilization of Pd NPs. The P123–Pd micellar catalyst was first applied in the liquid phase hydrogenation of nitrobenzene (NB), showing excellent catalytic activity, and the only reaction product detected was aniline (AN). Using water as the reaction medium and under mild conditions, both the preparation of catalysts and NB hydrogenation were convenient and environmentally friendly. Under the optimal conditions, the isolated catalyst phase could be recycled at least five times, and the catalytic activity and selectivity remained unchanged. A reaction scheme was suggested. First-order kinetics was determined at 3.0 MPa hydrogen pressure and temperature 30–75 °C, and the activation energy was 40.18 kJ mol^?1. This work provides an environmentally benign and effective method for the hydrogenation of NB to AN.     

Facile and regioselective synthesis of functionalized benzenes via cascade reactions of 1,2-allenic ketones with 4-sulfonyl crotonates

An efficient and regioselective synthesis of functionalized benzenes via the cascade reactions of 1,2-allenic ketones with 4-sulfonyl crotonates under mild reaction conditions has been established. Mechanistically, the formation of the title compounds involves a cascade procedure consisting of an intermolecular regioselective Michael addition followed by an intramolecular condensation and aromatization. Compared with those of α,β-unsaturated aldehydes/ketones, the reactions of 1,2-allenic ketones with 4-sulfonyl crotonates demonstrated contrary regio-selectivity and distinct reaction conditions. Moreover, the functionalized benzene products obtained herein were found to be ready intermediates for the synthesis of fluorenone and anthracenone derivatives.     

Unlocking Reversible Silicon Redox for High-Performing Chlorine Batteries

Chlorine (Cl)-based batteries such as Li/Cl₂ batteries are recognized as promising candidates for energy storage with low cost and high performance. However, the current use of Li metal anodes in Cl-based batteries has raised serious concerns regarding safety, cost, and production complexity. More importantly, the well-documented parasitic reactions between Li metal and Cl-based electrolytes require a large excess of Li metal, which inevitably sacrifices the electrochemical performance of the full cell. Therefore, it is crucial but challenging to establish new anode chemistry, particularly with electrochemical reversibility, for Cl-based batteries. Here we show, for the first time, reversible Si redox in Cl-based batteries through efficient electrolyte dilution and anode/electrolyte interface passivation using 1,2-dichloroethane and cyclized polyacrylonitrile as key mediators. Our Si anode chemistry enables significantly increased cycling stability and shelf lives compared with conventional Li metal anodes. It also avoids the use of a large excess of anode materials, thus enabling the first rechargeable Cl₂ full battery with remarkable energy and power densities of 809 Wh kg⁻¹ and 4,277 W kg⁻¹, respectively. The Si anode chemistry affords fast kinetics with remarkable rate capability and low-temperature electrochemical performance, indicating its great potential in practical applications.     

Molecular Dynamics Simulations Study of the Interactions between Human Dipeptidyl-Peptidase III and Two Substrates

Human dipeptidyl-peptidase III (hDPP III) is capable of specifically cleaving dipeptides from the N-terminal of small peptides with biological activity such as angiotensin II (Ang II, DRVYIHPF), and participates in blood pressure regulation, pain modulation, and the development of cancers in human biological activities. In this study, 500 ns molecular dynamics simulations were performed on free-hDPP III (PDB code: 5E33), hDPP III-Ang II (PDB code: 5E2Q), and hDPP III-IVYPW (PDB code: 5E3C) to explore how these two peptides affect the catalytic efficiency of enzymes in terms of the binding mode and the conformational changes. Our results indicate that in the case of the hDPP III-Ang II complex, subsite S1 became small and hydrophobic, which might be propitious for the nucleophile to attack the substrate. The structures of the most stable conformations of the three systems revealed that Arg421-Lys423 could form an α-helix with the presence of Ang II, but only part of the α-helix was produced in hDPP III-IVYPW. As the hinge structure in hDPP III, the conformational changes that took place in the Arg421-Lys423 residue could lead to the changes in the shape and space of the catalytic subsites, which might allow water to function as a nucleophile to attack the substrate. Our results may provide new clues to enable the design of new inhibitors for hDPP III in the future.     

Doping Sumanene with Both Chalcogens and Phosphorus(V): One‐Step Synthesis,Coordination, and Selective Response Toward AgI

Heterasumanenes 4 – 6 containing chalcogen (S, Se, and Te) and phosphorus atoms have been synthesized in a one‐pot reaction from trichalcogenasumanenes 1 – 3 by replacing one chalcogen atom with a P=S unit. The P=S unit makes 4 – 6 almost planar and shrinks the HOMO–LUMO gap as compared to 1 – 3 . The bonding between Ag⁺ and S atom on P=S brings about a distinct change to the optical properties of 4 – 6 ; 4 in particular shows a selective fluorescence response toward Ag⁺ with LOD of 0.21 μm . Compounds 4 – 6 form complexes with AgNO₃ to be ( 4 )₂?AgNO₃, ( 5 )₂?AgNO₃, and ( 6 )₂?(AgNO₃)₃. In complexes, the coordination between Ag⁺ and P=S is observed, which leads to shrinkage of C?P and C?X (X=S, Se, Te) bond lengths. As a result, 4 , 5 , and 6 are all bowl‐shaped in complexes with bowl‐depths reaching to 0.66 Å, 0.42 Å, and 0.40 Å, respectively. There are Ag?Te dative bonds between Ag⁺ and Te atom on telluorophene in ( 6 )₂?(AgNO₃)₃.     

电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法(ICP-OES)测定直接法氧化锌中铝、铜、铅、铁、镉、锰

建立了电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法测定直接法氧化锌中铝、铜、铅、铁、镉、锰元素含量的分析方法。确定了溶样方法和分析谱线,对方法精密度和准确度进行了考察,结果表明,各元素的相对标准偏差在2.5%~6.5%,加标回收率在92%~105%,测定结果与其它经典分析方法测定结果一致。所建立的方法准确、快速,适用于直接法氧化锌中多元素同时测定。     

BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41的制备及其对2－甲氧基萘乙酰化反应的催化性能

 制备了Mo－MCM－41中孔分子筛，并将BO3－3引入到分子筛中制得BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41催化剂．采用XRD，FT－IR，ESR，BET和NH3－TPD对分子筛催化剂的结构及酸强度进行了表征．结果表明，Mo－MCM－41和BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41具有中孔分子筛的特征，有良好的长程有序 性和结晶度；但Mo并未进入分子筛骨架内部而是在分子筛表面以MoO2的形式存在；BO3－3附着于Mo－MCM－41分子筛上形成强酸中心．将BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41用于催化2－甲氧基萘乙酰化反应，考察了催化剂用量、Si／Mo比及BO3－3的引入方式对该反应性能的影响，发现BO3－3／Mo－MCM－41对2－甲氧基萘乙酰化反应具有良好的催化性能．     

噻唑基温控手性离子液体催化反式肉桂醛和对甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯合成γ-丁内酯

以L-薄荷醇、4-甲基-5-羟乙基噻唑、多聚甲醛、环氧乙烷等为原料,设计合成出一类新型的噻唑基温控手性离子液体催化剂,并将其用于催化反式肉桂醛和对甲酰基苯甲酸甲酯的反应,立体选择性地合成了含有两个手性中心的取代γ-丁内酯.利用催化剂的温控性能,使反应在温控溶剂中进行,可以达到温控相分离催化的效果,实现催化剂的循环使用.选择出最佳温控溶剂为THF/正己烷(体积比为2.5∶2).以1,8-二氮杂双环[5,4,0]十一碳-7-烯(DBU)为碱试剂,在催化剂用量为反应原料的10 mol%,反应温度为35℃,反应时间为16 h的条件下,反式肉桂醛的转化率为95.4%,γ-丁内酯的选择性为80.4%,产物顺反比为3.3∶1,其ee值分别为21.3%和16.1%.考察了催化剂的循环使用性能,结果表明催化剂可循环使用4次,其催化活性基本保持不变.