A simplified model for flows with eddies in symmetrically expanding channels

We derive a simplified model for two-dimensional (2D) channel flows with recirculated regions at moderate Reynolds numbers based on an extension of the boundary layer (BL) theory and averaging across the channel. The model reproduces symmetry-breaking bifurcations and resulting flow structures accurately. Analytical estimates for the decay rates toward the parabolic profile before and after a sudden change in the walls agree well with the full numerical simulations. A seemingly chaotic steady flow is also discovered in a channel with periodic expansions and contractions.     

Dimethyl carbonate synthesis and other oxidative reactions using alkyl nitrites

The oxidative reactions using the alkyl nitrites (RONO) as an oxidant have been developed by Ube Industries, Ltd. In the alkyl nitrite reactions, substrates such as CO andyor unsaturated- andyor carbonyl-compounds are oxidized over the palladium catalysts in no direct contact with molecular oxygen. The dimethyl carbonate (DMC), dialkyl oxalates and other useful chemicals are synthesized efficiently under moderate conditions by the alkyl nitrite reactions.     

A new oxidation system using nitrite oxidants

The oxidative reactions using alkyl nitrites (RONO) as oxidant have been developed by Ube Industries, Ltd. The substrates such as CO and/or unsaturated-and/or carbonyl-compounds are oxidized by RONO over the palladium catalyst with no contact of molecular oxygen. Dialkyl carbonates, dialkyl oxalates and other useful chemicals are synthesized efficiently under moderate conditions by this alkyl nitrite technology.     

Polymer electrolytes plasticized with hyperbranched polymer for lithium polymer batteries

Hyperbranched polymers (HBPs) with different terminal groups and different ethylene oxide (EO) chain lengths were prepared, and the influence of the HBP structures including molecular weights and molecular weight distribution on the ionic conductivity and the mechanical property of the composite polymer electrolytes composed of poly (ethylene oxide) (PEO), HBP, BaTiO₃ as a ceramic filler, and LiN(CF₃SO₂)₂ as a lithium salt were investigated. It was found that the molecular weights of the HBP do not affect significantly the ionic conductivity, but the molecular weight distribution might affect it, and also further branching at the terminals of the HBP led to a decrease in the ionic conductivity. The HBP with longer EO chain length was effective for enhancement of the ionic conductivity in comparison with the HBP with shorter one. The increase in cross-linkable groups (acryloyl group) at the terminals of the HBP improved the tensile strength, but caused the ionic conductivity to decrease. Loosely cross-linked composite polymer electrolyte showed higher ionic conductivity and higher tensile strength than no cross-linked one. Paper presented at the Patras Conference on Solid State Ionics — Transport Properties, Patras, Greece, Sept. 14 – 18, 2004.     

Total synthesis of manoalide and seco-manoalide

The first synthesis of manoalide and seco-manoalide from methyl 7,8-dihydro-β-ionylidene acetate was achieved in high yield by the new method utilizing regiospecific singlet oxygen oxidation of 3-alkenyl-5-trimethylsilylfuran to β-alkenyl-γ-hydroxybutenolide.     

Low-lying states in112In

Low-lying states below 500 keV excitation in¹¹²In have been investigated via the¹¹²Cd(p, nγ) reaction. New levels have been established atE ^x=206.5keV and 456.1 keV from the measuredγ-ray excitation functions,γ?γ coincidences and the precision measurements of the (p, n) threshold energy of the ground state and of the 206.5 keV state of¹¹²In. Spins and parities of the 206.5 keV state (2⁺) and the 456.1 keV state (3⁺) and multipolarities and mixing ratios of the deexcitationγ-rays have been determined from the angular distributions and linear polarizations of the deexcitation γ-rays as well as the excitation functions of the residual levels. Possible configurations of the newly-found levels are discussed. Half-lives of two states have been remeasured:T _1/2=15.2±0.1 min for the ground state andT _1/2=20.9±0.1 min for the 156.4 keV (4⁺) state. The ground stateQ-value for the¹¹²Cd(p, n)¹¹² In reaction has been measured to be ?3.376±0.006 MeV.     

Flourescence lifetimes anf excitation spectra of the jet-cooled HNO radical

The new nozzle assembly using Hg-photosensitized reaction has been developed to obtained a jet-cooled radical beam. This technique was applied to produce a HNO radical beam. Laser-induced flourescence excitation spectra were obtained for the $\text{A}$¹A″ — $\text{X}$¹A′ system. Time-resolved measurements yielded fluorescence lifetimes of 22–29 μs for single rovibronic levels of HNO.