Tubular Membrane-Like Catalysts for the Oxidative Decomposition of Low-Concentrated Toluene in Air by Periodic Short-Term Plasma Discharge

Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing - A porous membrane-like alumina (MA) tube was employed as a catalyst to improve the energy efficiency of the oxidative decomposition of low-concentrated...     

Tandem arrays of TEMPO and nitronyl nitroxide radicals with designed arrangements on DNA

Herein we describe one-dimensional electron-spin arrays consisting of two different organic radicals with the designed arrangement based on the DNA sequence. Two mismatch-binding ligands carrying 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine N-oxide (TEMPO) and nitronyl nitroxide selectively bind to the predetermined sites on double stranded DNA. By using the two mismatch-binding ligands carrying the organic radicals as the glue for DNA, electron-spin assembly could be successfully synchronized with the hybridization. Periodically and tandemly arranged, two kinds of organic radical molecules at designed positions might be useful for an approach to build up scalable qubits of electron-spin-based quantum computing. The approach using DNA nanostructures as a scaffold to assembly functional small molecules can afford one of the promising ways for the future application of DNA nanostructures and nanotechnology.     

Generic phase diagram of Fermion superfluids with population imbalance

It is shown by microscopic calculations for trapped imbalanced Fermi superfluids that the gap function always has sign changes, i.e., the Fulde-Ferrell-Larkin-Ovchinnikov (FFLO)-like state, up to a critical imbalance P(c), beyond which normal state becomes stable, at temperature T=0. A temperature-versus-pressure phase diagram is constructed, where the BCS state without sign change is stable only at T not equal to 0. We reproduce the observed bimodality in the density profile to identify its origin and evaluate P(c) as functions of T and the coupling strength. These dependencies match with the recent experiments.     

Unsteady PTV velocity field past an airfoil solved with DNS: Part 2. Validation and application at Reynolds numbers up to <Emphasis Type="Italic">Re</Emphasis> ≤ 10<Superscript>4</Superscript>

Hybrid unsteady-flow simulation combining particle tracking velocimetry (PTV) and direct numerical simulation (DNS) is introduced in the series of two papers. Particle velocities on a laser-light sheet acquired with time-resolved PTV in a water tunnel are supplied to two-dimensional DNS with time intervals corresponding to the frame rate of the PTV. Hybrid velocity fields then approach those representing the PTV data in the course of time, and the reconstructed velocity fields satisfy the governing equations with the resolution comparable to numerical simulation. In part 2, by extending the capabilities of the hybrid simulation to higher Reynolds numbers, we simulate flows past the NACA0012 airfoil over ranges of Reynolds numbers (Re ≤ 10⁴) and angles of attack (−5° ≤ α ≤ 20°) and validate the proposed technique by comparing with experimental results in terms of the lift and drag coefficients. We also compare the results with unsteady Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes (URANS) simulation in two-dimensions and show the advantages of the hybrid simulation against two-dimensional URANS.     

Theory of optical analysis of inhomogeneous turbid textures

A trial theory of optical diagnosis of inhomogeneous and turbid materials is firstly proposed, considering mutual photon exchanges due to scattering among conglomerate textures. Including scattering and redistribution of photons between neighboring segments, a collective model of photon flow behaviors is analytically constructed. Employing simple inhomogeneous parameters, a set of equations is formulated to express quasi three-dimensional photon redistribution between segments. The important feature of the theory is a simple framework regarding the complex photon flow to be solved by linear algebra. For qualitative and quantitative analyses of respective components, the simultaneous equations can be solved with their characteristic optical coefficients. Each of the ingredients can be analytically identified and evaluated separately. Some of the calculations are exemplified, to show differences from conventional homogeneous theory. Advantageous applications in medical diagnosis are suggested.     

Ag-AAO纳米有序阵列复合结构等离子共振吸收特性研究

研究了Ag-AAO纳米有序阵列复合结构的等离子共振吸收特性。结果显示,Ag表面等离子共振吸收峰位于λ=352-377nm范围内,且可通过控制Ag纳米粒子的长径比使其吸收特性发生改变。若长径比增加,吸收峰位蓝移,强度增大,峰形变锐;反之,若长径比减少,吸收峰位红移,强度减弱,峰形逐渐宽化;运用麦克斯韦-加尼特（M-G）理论模拟的计算结果与实验规律基本相符,并较好地阐释了Ag表面等离子共振吸收峰的频移与其纳米粒子长径比之间的一些依赖关系。     

Optical ultramicrometer technique utilizing a composite diffraction grating

Precise control of positioning or alignment technique utilizing a “composite diffraction grating” formed by superimposing a pair of gratings is proposed. Positioning accuracy of ±0.1 μm has been achieved in the preliminary experiments using dual transmission gratings. This indicates a novel method of sensitive detection of a displacement.     

Laser magnetic resonance of the O2 molecule at 699 μm

A new highly sensitive far infrared optically pumped laser magnetic resonance (LMR) spectrometer has facilitated the observation of 21 transitions in O₂ at 699 μm (428.6285 GHz). All of these transitions involve N = 3 ← 1 of the oxygen molecule in its electronic ground state, X³Σ_g⁻. Of these 21 lines, 10 are due to the ¹⁶O₂, v = 0; 5 are due to the ¹⁶O₂, v = 1; 5 are due to the ¹⁶O¹⁸O, v = 0; and 1 set of 6 hyperfine components is due to the ¹⁶O¹⁷O, v = 0. From the intensity of the observed lines the sensitivity limit of this LMR spectrometer is found to be about 10⁻⁹ cm⁻¹ at this frequency with a 1-sec time constant.     

Au(I)-catalyzed highly efficient intermolecular hydroamination of alkynes

[reaction: see text] Addition of aniline derivatives to aromatic and aliphatic alkynes proceeds efficiently in the presence of a gold(I) catalyst (0.01-1.0 mol %) to afford ketimines in good yields