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11.
Katrin Meier Raul Cardoso‐Gil Ulrich Burkhardt Caroline Curfs Michael Hanfland Yuri Grin PD Dr. Ulrich Schwarz 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》2012,638(10):1446-1451
The rare‐earth metal germanides RE2Ge9 (RE = Nd, Sm) have been prepared by thermal decomposition of the metastable high‐pressure phases REGe5 at ambient pressure. The compounds adopt an orthorhombic unit cell with a = 396.34(4) pm; b = 954.05(8) pm and c = 1238.4(1) pm for Nd2Ge9 and a = 395.46(7) pm; b = 946.4(2) pm and c = 1232.1(3) pm for Sm2Ge9. Crystal structure refinements reveal space group Pmmn (No. 59) for Nd2Ge9. The atomic pattern resembles an ordered defect variety of the pentagermanide motif REGe5 (RE = La; Nd, Sm, Gd, Tb) comprising corrugated germanium layers. These condense into a three‐dimensional network interconnected by eight‐coordinated germanium atoms. The resulting framework channels along [100] enclose the neodymium atoms. With respect to the atomic arrangement of the pentagermanides, half of the interlayer germanium atoms are eliminated in an ordered way so that occupied and empty germanium columns alternate along [001]. The rare‐earth metal atoms of both types of compounds, REGe5 and RE2Ge9, exhibit the electronic states 4f 3 and 4f 5 (oxidation state +3) for neodymium and samarium, respectively, evidencing that the modification of the germanium network leaves the electron configuration of the metal atoms unaffected. 相似文献
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Reaction of iron(II) thiocyanate with 4,4‐bipyridine (bipy) in methanol leads to the formation of three new solvates of different composition depending on the reaction conditions: At room temperature two new ligand‐rich 1:2 (1:2 = ratio between metal and N‐donor ligand) polymorphic forms [Fe(NCS)2(bipy)2 · 2MeOH]n ( 1I ) and [Fe(NCS)2(bipy)(MeOH)2 · (bipy)]n ( 1II ) are obtained, whereas solvothermal conditions leads to the formation of the new ligand‐deficient 1:1 compound [{Fe(NCS)2(bipy)(MeOH)}2]n ( 2 ). All crystal structures were determined by X‐ray single crystal structure analysis. In the crystal structure of modification 1I the metal atoms are coordinated by four bridging bipy ligands, which connect them into layers. The methanol molecules occupy voids in the structure. Compared to 1I in modification 1II the crystal structure contains of linear Fe–bipy–Fe chains, which are further connected by hydrogen bonds between coordinating MeOH and noncoordinated bipy ligands into layers. The ligand‐deficient 1:1 compound 2 shows a completely different coordination topology with linear Fe–bipy–Fe chains, which are connected by coordinating methanol molecules into double‐chains. In all compounds the thiocyanato anions are terminal N‐bonded to the metal atoms. Investigation of the thermal behavior of compound 1I shows a two‐step decomposition, in which ligand‐deficient intermediates are formed. Magnetic measurements on 1I reveal Curie–Weiss paramagnetism with increasing antiferromagnetic interactions on cooling. 相似文献
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Matthias Weil PD Dr. 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》2007,633(8):1217-1222
Single crystals of a third modification of Ag2Te2O6 (denoted as Ag2Te2O6–III) and of Ag4TeO5 have been obtained as minor by‐products during hydrothermal phase formation experiments in the system Ag‐Hg‐Te‐O. The crystal structure of Ag2Te2O6–III (P21/c, Z = 4, a = 6.4255(10), b = 6.9852(11), c = 13.204(2) Å, β = 90.090(3)°, 1885 independent reflections, R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.0334, wR2(F2 all) = 0.0817) comprises tellurium in oxidation states +IV and +VI and is topologically related to the structure of the Ag2Te2O6–I modification, which consists of similar layers and interjacent layers of Ag+ cations. Ag4TeO5 (C2/c, Z = 8, a = 16.271(2), b = 6.0874(10), c = 11.4373(16) Å, β = 106.730(10)°, 2372 independent reflections, R[F2 > 2σ(F2)] = 0.0288, wR2(F2 all) = 0.0737) is made up of a layer‐like arrangement of isolated [TeVI2O10] double octahedra and of Ag+ cations situated both in layers parallel and inside the layers of the anionic moieties. 相似文献
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Gunter Heymann Jan F. Riecken Sudhindra Rayaprol Sandra Christian Rainer Pöttgen Prof. Dr. Hubert Huppertz PD Dr. 《无机化学与普通化学杂志》2007,633(1):77-82
The high‐pressure (HP) modification of CePdSn was synthesized under multianvil high‐pressure (10.5 GPa) high‐temperature (1100 °C) conditions from the normal‐pressure (NP) modification. The structures of both modifications were studied by X‐ray powder and single crystal diffraction: TiNiSi type, Pnma, a = 754.1(2), b = 470.6(1), c = 798.4(3) pm, wR2 = 0.0333, 945 F2 values, 20 variables for NP‐CePdSn and ZrNiAl type, , a = 760.03(5), c = 416.06(3) pm, wR2 = 0.0443, 248 F2 values, 13 variables for HP‐CePdSn. The structural chemistry of both modifications is goverened by platinum centered trigonal prisms. The platinum and tin atoms in NP‐CePdSn and HP‐CePdSn build up a three‐dimensional [PdSn] network in which the cerium atoms fill channels. Susceptibility measurements on HP‐CePdSn reveal an experimental magnetic moment of 2.55(1) μB/Ce atom in the paramagnetic region. At 5 K a paramagnetic‐to‐antiferromagnetic transition is evident from magnetization and specific heat measurements. 相似文献
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Michael Mayer Prof. Dr. Shigehiko Takegami Michael Neumeier Simone Rink Prof. Dr. Axel Jacobi von Wangelin Silja Schulte Moritz Vollmer Prof. Dr. Axel G. Griesbeck PD Dr. Axel Duerkop Prof. Dr. Antje J. Baeumner 《Angewandte Chemie (International ed. in English)》2018,57(2):408-411
The most efficient and commonly used electrochemiluminescence (ECL) emitters are luminol, [Ru(bpy)3]2+, and derivatives thereof. Luminol stands out due to its low excitation potential, but applications are limited by its insolubility under physiological conditions. The water‐soluble m‐carboxy luminol was synthesized in 15 % yield and exhibited high solubility under physiological conditions and afforded a four‐fold ECL signal increase (vs. luminol). Entrapment in DNA‐tagged liposomes enabled a DNA assay with a detection limit of 3.2 pmol L?1, which is 150 times lower than the corresponding fluorescence approach. This remarkable sensitivity gain and the low excitation potential establish m‐carboxy luminol as a superior ECL probe with direct relevance to chemiluminescence and enzymatic bioanalytical approaches. 相似文献
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Zusammenfassung Es kann gezeigt werden, daß sich im Außenhandelsmodell vonMorgenstern/ Thompson gewisse Aussagen nicht unbedingt als Resultate aus dem vorgeschlagenen Axiomensystem ergeben. Werden diese Aussagen in das Axiomensystem aufgenommen, so bleibt das System unabhängig.
Summary In the Open Expanding Economy Model ofMorgenstern/Thompson it can be shown that some of the statements do not follow from the axioms. Adding these statements to the given system of axioms the new system is still independent.相似文献
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PD Dr. Michael Höpfner Stephan Borrmann Jörn Ungermann Robert Wagner 《Chemie in Unserer Zeit》2020,54(6):356-367
Ammonia (NH3) is the most important basic trace gas in the atmosphere. Due to its massively increasing anthropogenic production during the last 100 years, it strongly affects the global nitrogen budget. Its main sources are emissions due to agricultural activity. In the atmosphere, NH3 is a precursor for the formation of ammonium nitrate (AN) and ammonium sulfate (AS) aerosol particles, which are known as major constituents of fine particulate matter near the surface. By using data from the first high-altitude aircraft campaign in the Asian monsoon region as well as satellite observations, we could show that NH3 and AN particles are present up to altitudes of 18 km from the Mediterranean to the Western Pacific. From the emission regions in Northern India and Pakistan, strong convection during thunderstorms transports NH3 upwards where it contributes to the formation of AN particles. In contrast to previous assumptions, we could show with supporting laboratory experiments that the AN particles are present as solids instead of aqueous solution droplets. Crystallization can be induced by very small contaminations with AS. In contrast to aqueous droplets, solid AN particles are efficient ice nucleating particles at temperature below 230 K. As a consequence, these aerosols may considerably affect the formation and radiative properties of cirrus clouds, thus being of importance for the radiative budget of our atmosphere. 相似文献
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Hyunwook Jung Sina Stocker Christian Kunkel PD Dr. Harald Oberhofer Prof. Dr. Byungchan Han Prof. Dr. Karsten Reuter Dr. Johannes T. Margraf 《ChemSystemsChem》2020,2(4):e1900052
Machine learning (ML) models are increasingly used in combination with electronic structure calculations to predict molecular properties at a much lower computational cost in high-throughput settings. Such ML models require representations that encode the molecular structure, which are generally designed to respect the symmetries and invariances of the target property. However, size-extensivity is usually not guaranteed for so-called global representations. In this contribution, we show how extensivity can be built into global ML models using, e. g., the Many-Body Tensor Representation. Properties of extensive and non-extensive models for the atomization energy are systematically explored by training on small molecules and testing on small, medium and large molecules. Our results show that non-extensive models are only useful in the size-range of their training set, whereas extensive models provide reasonable predictions across large size differences. Remaining sources of error for extensive models are discussed. 相似文献