套代数弱闭模中迹类算子的分解

设 U是 Hilbert空间上套代数的弱闭模 ,T∈ U.本文证得 :若 T为秩 n算子 ,则存在 n个秩一算子 {Ri}n1 U,使得 T =∑ni=1Ri,并且‖ T‖1=∑ni=1‖ Ri‖ 1;若 T为迹类算子 ,则 T可表示为一个迹范数绝对收敛级数 ,其中构成该级数的每一项都是 U中的秩一算子 ,并且‖ T‖ 1=inf ∑∞i=1‖ Ri‖1∶ T =∑∞i=1Ri,Ri ∈ U,rank Ri =1 ,∑∞i=1‖ Ri‖1<∞ .利用该结果 ,得到了算子到 U的距离公式     

白颈长尾雉栖息地的植被特征研究

构成白颈长尾雉阔叶林型栖息地的相干被乔木层主要村种为壳斗科植物,灌木层植物以山茶科、禾本科和樟科等科的种类为主,草本层植物以蕨类、禾本科和莎草科为主,在针阔混交林型栖息地,壳斗科植物仍占矫木层主要树种的相当比例,但针叶树种的比例明显上升,该类型栖息地的灌木层和草本层植物组成特征与阔叶林型栖息地相似,在针叶林型栖息地中,乔木层的主要树种为马尾松、杉木、福建柏和圆柏等,并有较多的阔叶灌木树种构成灌木层,草本层中以蕨类为主,白颈长尾雉栖息地选择的最主要影响因素是乔木层盖度。     

AB_2型储氢材料表面吸氢的光电子谱研究

AB2 型金属间化合物是新型的储氢材料 ,对 Zr V2 和 Zr Mn2 表面吸氢前后进行了紫外光电子谱( UPS)测量 .吸氢前后的差谱中 ,发现 Zr V2 吸氢后 ,结合能在 8e V左右出现较宽的吸附氢诱导的光电子谱峰 ;而 Zr Mn2 吸氢后 ,在 5e V左右有一个明显的峰 .实验结果表明 :氢在 Zr V2 表面的吸附所成M—H键的电子态的结合能比 Zr Mn2 表面上的要大 ,与 Zr V2 吸氢能力较强是一致的     

陕甘宁革命老区生态系统服务价值时空分异及影响因素研究

陕甘宁革命老区是黄土高原和黄河中上游的重点生态治理区,作为重要的生态屏障区,其生态治理意义重大。以陕甘宁革命老区为研究区域,基于改进的生态系统服务价值（ecosystem service value,ESV）当量因子法,利用地理探测器及地理加权回归（geographically weighted regression,GWR）模型,分析1995—2018年各县ESV时空变化特征、影响因素及各主导因素作用强度的空间分异特征。结果表明：（1） 1995—2018年,陕甘宁革命老区ESV呈先下降后上升的特征,整体呈上升趋势,草地与林地对该区域ESV的贡献较大;（2） ESV空间等级转化呈现较显著的两极变化趋势,其中低级、高级ESV区域面积显著扩张,较高级ESV区域面积明显缩减;（3）地被覆盖度、人口密度、垦殖系数是ESV空间分异的主导因素,平均空间解释力超过0.378 0,自然、社会、经济因素间的交互协同增强了其对陕甘宁革命老区ESV的影响程度;（4）各主导因素对ESV的影响程度表现出空间异质性,其中地被覆盖度及垦殖系数的影响程度由东向西递减,人均GDP和人口密度的影响程度则由西向东递减。     

Time‐resolved coherent anti‐Stokes Raman spectroscopy impulsively excited by supercontinuum

Time‐resolved coherent anti‐Stokes Raman scattering (CARS) impulsively excited by a supercontinuum (SC) is investigated. We show that it is critical to optimize the temporal overlapping of the constituent solitons of a SC in order to impulsively excite vibrational modes over a broad frequency range. The cross‐correlation frequency‐resolved optical gating technique is utilized to retrieve the optical response function of molecules under SC impulsive excitation, and background‐free CARS with spectral resolution significantly better than the bandwidth of the probe pulses is achieved. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

束流发射度对质子照相色差模糊的影响

分析了质子照相过程中发射度的增长过程。开展了照相系统设计,针对设计的照相系统,采用理论分析和蒙特卡罗计算的方法,具体分析了各个发射度增长因素的影响程度。分析结果表明:对于高能质子照相,加速器的引出发射度对系统的色差模糊的影响可以忽略,但对于中能质子照相,加速器的引出发射度不可忽略。可通过提高加速器引出系统的聚焦能力和减小散束器的厚度来减小发射度影响。     

CCD对高空间分辨率波前干涉检测的影响

推导并用实验验证了光强与入射波前在单位像元面积里成近似线性关系,从而得到入射波前经CCD采样后的功率谱密度（PSD）公式.根据该公式,模拟分析了影响CCD采集系统的系统传递函数的各个因素：入射波前、CCD的填充因子及CCD的曝光时间,得出了他们与系统传递函数的定性关系,并且通过实验明确CCD曝光时间对高空间分辨率波前检测不确定度的影响,为高空间分辨率干涉设计提供了理论依据.     

Multi-frequency harmonic arrays: initial experience with a novel transducer concept for nonlinear contrast imaging

Nonlinear contrast imaging modes such as second harmonic imaging (HI) and subharmonic imaging (SHI) are increasingly important for clinical applications. However, the performance of currently available transducers for HI and SHI is significantly constrained by their limited bandwidth. To bypass this constraint, a novel transducer concept termed multi-frequency harmonic transducer arrays (MFHA's) has been designed and a preliminary evaluation has been conducted. The MFHA may ultimately be used for broadband contrast enhanced HI and SHI with high dynamic range and consists of three multi-element piezo-composite sub-arrays (A-C) constructed so the center frequencies are 4f(A) = 2f(B) = f(C) (specifically 2.5/5.0/10.0 MHz and 1.75/3.5/7.0 MHz). In principle this enables SHI by transmitting on sub-array C receiving on B and, similarly, from B to A as well as HI by transmitting on A receiving on B and, likewise, from B to C. Initially transmit and receive pressure levels of the arrays were measured with the elements of each sub-array wired in parallel. Following contrast administration, preliminary in vitro HI and SHI signal-to-noise ratios of up to 40 dB were obtained. In conclusion, initial design and in vitro characterization of two MFHA's have been performed. They have an overall broad frequency bandwidth of at least two octaves. Due to the special design of the array assembly, the SNR for HI and SHI was comparable to that of regular B-mode and better than commercially available HI systems. However, further research on multi-element MFHA's is required before their potential for in vivo nonlinear contrast imaging can be assessed.