聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺系列衍生物的合成及其对TiO2纳米粒子的分散性能研究

合成了含有确定长度的聚异丁烯链段与4种不同的乙烯胺链段（乙二胺、二乙烯三胺、三乙烯四胺和四乙烯五胺）组合的聚异丁烯丁二酰亚胺系列衍生物,并将它们用作TiO2纳米粒子在非极性溶剂中的分散剂.详细考察了亲水/亲油基团大小对分散性能的影响规律：当聚异丁烯链段的分子量为2000时,随着乙烯胺段链长的增加,TiO2粒子的粒径和Z...     

Hollow nanospheres based on the self-assembly of alginate-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) and α-cyclodextrin

This article studies the self-assembly of alginate-graft-poly(ethylene glycol) (Alg-g-PEG) and α-cyclodextrin (α-CD) in aqueous solution. It was found that they could form hollow spheres because of the formation of coil-rod Alg-g-PEG/α-CD inclusion complexes. In these Alg-g-PEG/α-CD complexes, the α-CDs are stacked along the PEG side chains to form a rod block, and alginate main chains act as a coil block. More rod-like blocks in Alg-g-PEG/α-CD favor the formation of small assemblies. The assemblies of Alg-g-PEG/α-CD show a dependence on concentration, temperature, pH, and salt concentration. At low concentration (below 0.125%) or high temperature (above 32 °C), Alg-g-PEG/α-CD particles were unstable and disrupted. Increasing the salt or decreasing the pH resulted in the aggregation of Alg-g-mPEG/α-CD particles, as detected by the increase in the recorded hydrodynamic diameter (D(h)).     

Interfacial Studies for improving the adhesion of Cr/Al films on composites

The composites, such as CFRP and GFRP, have been widely applied in spaceflight, for their low specific gravity, low cost, and additional structural stability. However, the high resistivity of the composites severely inhibits their further applications. Therefore, Cr/Al films with low resistivity and high adhesion were deposited on composites by cathodic arc technique. The films were characterized by pull test, Dektak 8 Stylus Profilometer, SEM, XPS, XRD and Z‐82 standard four probes. Results show that the aluminum film of fcc structure is compact and uniform, with resistivity as low as bulk Al. The adhesion between Cr buffer layer and composite substrate was greatly enhanced because of the formation of the chemical bonds, such as Cr? C, Cr? O and Cr? N, at the Cr/composite interface. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

An in situ oxidation route to fabricate graphene nanoplate-metal oxide composites

We report our studies on an improved soft chemical route to directly fabricate graphene nanoplate-metal oxide (Ag₂O, Co₃O₄, Cu₂O and ZnO) composites from the in situ oxidation of graphene nanoplates. By virtue of H⁺ from hydrolysis of the metal nitrate aqueous solution and NO₃⁻, only a small amount of functional groups were introduced, acting as anchor sites and consequently forming the graphene nanoplate-metal oxide composites. The main advantages of this approach are that it does not require cumbersome oxidation of graphite in advance and no need to reduce the composites due to the lower oxidation degree. The microstructures of as-obtained metal oxides on graphene nanoplates can be dramatically controlled by changing the reaction parameters, opening up the possibility for processing the optical and electrochemical properties of the graphene-based nanocomposites.     

Electrodeposition of cobalt oxide nanoparticles on carbon nanotubes, and their electrocatalytic properties for nitrite electrooxidation

We describe a modified glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the sensitive determination of nitrite in waste water samples. The GCE was modified by electrodeposition of cobalt oxide nanoparticles on multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) deposited on a conventional GCE. Scanning electron microscopy and electrochemical techniques were used for the characterization of the composite material which is very uniform and forms a kind of nanoporous structure. Electrochemical experiments showed that the modified electrode exhibited excellent electrocatalytic properties for nitrite. Amperometry revealed a good linear relationship between peak current and nitrate concentration in the 0.5 to 250???M range with a detection limit of 0.3???M (S/N?=?3). The method has been applied to the amperometric detection of nitrite. The modified electrode displays good storage stability, reproducibility, and selectivity for a promising practical application.

Removal of C3F8 Via the Combination of Non-Thermal Plasma, Adsorption and Catalysis

The feasibility of C₃F₈ abatement via combining nonthermal plasma with adsorption and/or catalysis is investigated in this study. In terms of the simultaneous combination of plasma, adsorption and catalysis (CPAC), three different configurations including A/C layer (adsorbent layer prior to catalyst layer), C/A layer (catalyst layer prior to adsorbent layer) and A/C mixture (adsorbent and catalyst are mechanically mixed) are adopted. For all the experimental tests conducted in this study, the gas stream consists of 500 ppm C₃F₈, 2% O₂, and balanced N₂. The experimental results indicate that C₃F₈ removal efficiencies depend on what kind of packing material is adopted (adsorbent, catalyst or both) and how the material is packed within the plasma reactor. The removal efficiencies obtained with different reactors are in the order as: CPAC (A/C layer; AC mixture) > CPA (plasma with adsorbent alone) > CPC (plasma with catalyst alone) > CPAC (C/A layer). The indentified products after treatment include CO₂, CO, N₂O and CF₄. The formation of C₂F₆ is not observed in this study, which is encouraging since the global warming potential of C₂F₆ is actually higher than that of C₃F₈.     

Enantioselective Hydrolysis of Glycidyl Methylphenyl Ethers by <Emphasis Type="Italic">Botryosphaeria Dothidea</Emphasis> ZJUZQ007: Effect of Substitution Pattern on Enantioselectivity

Resolution of racemic glycidyl (o, m, p)-methylphenyl ethers by using a newly isolated Botryosphaeria dothidea ZJUZQ007 with epoxide hydrolase activity affords enantiopure epoxides with enantiomeric excesses (e.e._s) of 91–99% and enantiomeric ratios (E) of 18.1 to 48.6. The (R)-enantiomer was obtained from rac-glycidyl (o or m)-methylphenyl ethers whereas the (S)-epoxides was obtained from glycidyl p-methylphenyl ether. Substitution pattern of the methyl group exerted effects both on configurations of the remaining epoxides and enantioselectivities of epoxide hydrolase. The observations were explained by enzyme-substrate docking studies. It is the first example showing that for kinetic resolution of glycidyl methylphenyl ethers, fungal species of B. dothidea was applied.     

Michaelis-Menten speeds up tau-leaping under a wide range of conditions

This paper examines the benefits of Michaelis-Menten model reduction techniques in stochastic tau-leaping simulations. Results show that although the conditions for the validity of the reductions for tau-leaping remain the same as those for the stochastic simulation algorithm (SSA), the reductions result in a substantial speed-up for tau-leaping under a different range of conditions than they do for SSA. The reason of this discrepancy is that the time steps for SSA and for tau-leaping are determined by different properties of system dynamics.     

凝胶渗透色谱净化-气相色谱法测定茶叶中30种有机氯及菊酯类农药残留量

茶叶样品(1.00g)用水5 mL湿润后加入50mL乙腈高速匀浆提取3min。混合物滤入已盛有固体氯化钠2 g的具塞量筒中,取上清液20.0mL于45℃蒸发至近干,加入乙酸乙酯环己烷(1+1)混合溶剂10.0mL溶解残渣后进行凝胶渗透色谱(GPC)净化。流动相为上述混合溶剂,流量为4.7mL·min~(-1)。收集9～20min时间段的流出液,在45℃蒸至近干,加正己烷定容为5.0mL,供气相色谱分析。采用Rxi-5MS石英毛细管柱进行分离和电子捕获检测器进行检测,所测农药的线性范围为0.02～0.50mg·L~(-1)。检出限(3S/N)在1×10~(-4)～2×10~(-3)mg·kg~(-1)之间。试验测得方法的回收率在83.2%～114.6%之间,测定值的相对标准偏差(n=5)在0.9%～4.8%之间。     

A novel and efficient route for the preparation of atorvastatin

A novel and efficient synthetic method of atorvastatin was described.The key step of the synthesis was the construction of the olefin linkage between the chiral side chain and skeleton via a Horner-Wadsworth-Emmons reaction,resulting in the advanced intermediate of atorvastatin under hydrogenation of the olefin over Pd/C.This novel method is more useful for the practical synthesis of atorvastatin than its document reported methods.