Spontaneous generation of self-organized solitary wave structures at earth's magnetopause

Spontaneous formation of solitary wave structures has been observed in Earth's magnetopause, and is shown to be caused by the breakup of a zonal flow by the action of drift wave turbulence. Here we show matched observations and modeling of coherent, large-scale solitary electrostatic structures, generated during the interaction of short-scale drift wave turbulence and zonal flows at the Earth's magnetopause. The observations were made by the Cluster spacecraft and the numerical modeling was performed using the wave-kinetic approach to drift wave-zonal flow interactions. Good agreement between observations and simulations has been found, thus explaining the emergence of the observed solitary structures as well as confirming earlier theoretical predictions of their existence.     

On Higher Order Pyramidal Finite Elements

In this paper we first prove a theorem on the nonexistence of pyramidal polynomial basis functions. Then we present a new symmetric composite pyramidal finite element which yields a better convergence than the nonsymmetric one. It has fourteen degrees of freedom and its basis functions are incomplete piecewise triquadratic polynomials. The space of ansatz functions contains all quadratic functions on each of four sub-tetrahedra that form a given pyramidal element.     

An efficient Fréchet differentiable high breakdown multivariate location and dispersion estimator

A good robust functional should, if possible, be efficient at the model, smooth, and have a high breakdown point. M-estimators can be made efficient and Fréchet differentiable by choosing appropriate ψ-functions but they have a breakdown point of at most 1/(p + 1) in p dimensions. On the other hand, the local smoothness of known high breakdown functionals has not been investigated. It is known that Rousseeuw's minimum volume ellipsoid estimator is not differentiable and that S-estimators based on smooth functions force a trade-off between efficiency and breakdown point. However, by using a two-step M-estimator based on the minimum volume ellipsoid we show that it is possible to obtain a highly efficient, Fréchet differentiable estimator whilst still retaining the breakdown point. This result is extended to smooth S-estimators.     

New cw far infrared molecular lasers from ClO2, HCCF,FCN, CH3NC,CH3F,and propynal

Many new laser lines between 100 μm and 1 mm have been detected by optically pumping several polyatomic molecules with C¹⁶O₂ and C¹⁸O₂ lasers. Tentative assignment of the lasing transitions has been possible in some cases.     

Non-unitary scattering and capture. I. Hilbert space theory

By carrying out a general analysis of properties of the wave operators for the non-unitary scattering theory which arises in connection with the use of complex optical potentials in nuclear scattering and elsewhere, we clarify some puzzling differences between two recent approaches to this subject.     

Measurement of plane wave acoustic fields in flow ducts

The response of a fluid loaded plate is derived as function of the incident pressure in the fluid. The results are compared with full scale measurements made in the aft peak tank on a ship. Propeller induced pressure and hull plate velocity were measured with flush-mounted hydrophones and accelerometers. It is found that for a typical aft body construction the boundaries of the plate elements can be assumed to be simply supported. The plate model agrees well with full scale measurements down to 40 Hz. Below this frequency global vibrations determine the response of the hull. Both theoretical and experimental results indicate that the field induced by the vibrating plate elements can be considerable. The response of a plate can be decreased if the width of the plate is decreased or the plate thickness increased.     

Bank-office Process Management in the Financial Services: a Simulation Approach Using a Model Generator

For the last ten years or so, developments in simulation software and methodology have been focused in two areas: (1) automating the model-building process; and (2) interfacing with other techniques and systems. That both academic and commercial research continues to be carried out in these areas is evidence of the continued popularity of the simulation technique. The most popular application areas where simulation modelling is used include manufacturing (engineering and process), warehousing and communications; not surprisingly, research and developments have therefore been concentrated in these areas. This paper describes the development of a simulation model generator for a different application area, that of clerical office processing of paper and documents for financial service companies. It outlines the reasons why there is a need for such a model generator and discusses the initial design requirements. The paper goes on to detail the developments and re-defined criteria required as the model generator brief changes as a result of practical applications.     

A precise PKPβ+ measurement at Z = 55: (I). The mass of 130Cs

The Q-value for the ¹²⁹Xe(³He, d)¹³⁰Cs reaction is measured to be +5 ± 20 keV. By combining this result with the known neutron separation energy of ¹³⁰Xe, we derive the total decay energy of ¹³⁰Cs

¹³⁰Xe to beQ_EC = 2974 ± 20 keV. This value agrees well with two previous positron end-point measurements but disagrees with the corresponding value derived from the 1977 atomic mass evaluation. This has significance in testing the accuracy of the calculated ratio for ¹³⁰Cs decay. The mass excess of ¹³⁰Cs is derived to be ?86908 ± 14 keV. An excited state in ¹³⁰Cs. was also identified at 121 ± 15 keV with J < 3 and positive parity. The Q-value for ¹³⁶Xe(³He, d)¹³⁷Cs was measured to be 1918 ± 12 keV.