Exclusive B→K<Subscript>1</Subscript>ℓ<Superscript>+</Superscript>ℓ<Superscript>-</Superscript> decay in model with single universal extra dimension

Decay rate and forward–backward asymmetries in B→K₁ℓ⁺ℓ^-, where K₁ is the axial vector meson, are calculated in the universal extra dimension (UED) model. The dependence of these physical quantities on the compactification radius R, the only unknown parameter in UED model, is studied, and it is shown that the zero of the forward–backward asymmetry is sensitive to the UED model; therefore they can be a very useful tool to establish new physics predicted by the UED model. This work is briefly extended to B→K^*l⁺l^-.     

A Class of Projection Methods for General Variational Inequalities

In this paper, we consider and analyze a new class of projection methods for solving pseudomonotone general variational inequalities using the Wiener-Hopf equations technique. The modified methods converge for pseudomonotone operators. Our proof of convergence is very simple as compared with other methods. The proposed methods include several known methods as special cases.     

Fixed-Point Iterations for Asymptotically Nonexpansive Mappings in Banach Spaces

In this paper, we suggest and analyze a three-step iterative scheme for asymptotically nonexpansive mappings in Banach spaces. The new iterative scheme includes Ishikawa-type and Mann-type interations as special cases. The results obtained in this paper represent an extension as well as refinement of previous known results.     

Finite difference technique for solving obstacle problems

In this paper, we use the variational inequality theory coupled with finite difference technique to obtain an approximate solution for a class of obstacle problems in elasticity, like those describing the equilibrium configuration of an elastic string stretched over an elastic obstacle. The variational inequality formulation is used to discuss the problem of uniqueness and existence of the solution of the obstacle problems.     

Form factors,branching ratio and forward–backward asymmetry in B→K<Subscript>1</Subscript>ℓ<Superscript>+</Superscript>ℓ<Superscript>-</Superscript> decays

We study long-distance effects in the rare exclusive semileptonic decays B→K₁ℓ⁺ℓ^-, where K₁ is the axial vector meson. The form factors describing the meson transition amplitudes of the effective Hamiltonian are calculated using the Ward identities, which are then used to calculate the branching ratio and the forward–backward asymmetry in these decay modes. The zero of the forward–backward asymmetry is of special interest and provides us with a precision test of the standard model.     

MEKC determination of vanadium from mineral ore and crude petroleum oil samples using precapillary chelation with bis(salicylaldehyde)tetramethyl‐ethylenediimine

An analytical procedure has been developed for the separation of Cu(II), Ni(II), Co(II), Fe(II), Pd(II), Th(IV), V(IV), and determination of Fe(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and V(IV) by MEKC after chelation with bis(salicylaldehyde)tetramethylethylenediimine (H₂SA₂Ten). Uncoated fused silica capillary was used with an applied voltage of 30 kV with photo‐diode array detection at 228 nm. SDS was added as micellar medium at pH 8.2 with sodium tetraborate buffer (0.1 M). Linear calibrations were established within 0.015–1000 μg/mL of each element with LOD within 5–67 ng/mL. The method was applied for the determination of vanadium from crude oil and ore samples in the range 0.34–2.40 and 114.2–720.7 μg/g with RSD 1.7–3.8 and 0.98–2.30% (n = 3), respectively. Fe, Ni, and Co present in crude oil and ore samples were also determined with RSD 1.3–2.8, 1.1–4.1, and 1.2–3.5% (n = 3), respectively. The results were compared with that of supplier's specifications and atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Method was evaluated by standard addition technique.     

Wiener-Hopf equations technique for variational inequalities

In recent years, the theory of Wiener-Hopf equations has emerged as a novel and innovative technique for developing efficient and powerful numerical methods for solving variational inequalities and complementarity problems. In this paper, we provide an account of some of the fundamental aspects of the Wiener-Hopf equations with major emphasis on the formulation, computational algorithms, various generalizations and their applications. We also suggest some open problems for further research with sufficient information and references.     

Variational iteration technique for solving a system of nonlinear equations

In this paper, we use the variational iteration technique to suggest and analyze some new iterative methods for solving a system of nonlinear equations. We prove that the new method has fourth-order convergence. Several numerical examples are given to illustrate the efficiency and performance of the new iterative methods. Our results can be viewed as a refinement and improvement of the previously known results.     

Optical Emission and Raman Spectroscopy Studies of Reactivity of Low-Pressure Glow Discharges in Ar–O<Subscript>2</Subscript> and He–O<Subscript>2</Subscript> Gas Mixtures with Coked Catalysts

We demonstrate that low-pressure glow discharges in He–O₂ gas mixture are effective in removing carbonaceous surface layers from coked catalysts. These discharges contain a number of reactive species including O, O₃, and O₂*, and all these could contribute in the decoking process. However, an evolving understanding is that the O atoms in the discharge have a predominant role in this. A working hypothesis is that the O atoms react with the coke to form CO, CO₂ and other carbon complexes. Online measurements using emission spectra from O, H, and CO in the discharges are compared for the cases of He–O₂ and Ar–O₂ gas mixtures. Under the reported experimental conditions the estimated reactivity of the He–O₂ discharges is considerably higher compared with discharges in the Ar–O₂ gas mixture. Raman spectroscopy is used to confirm the removal of the coke from the surface of Pt/Alumina catalyst.