The superfluid vacuum state,time-varying cosmological constant,and nonsingular cosmological models

Some cosmological consequences of the superfluid vacuum state developed previously by the authors are discussed, particularly with regard to the initial stages of the universe. The transition temperature of the hadronic superfluid (superfluid during the hadron era) is estimated to be 10 ¹³ K, which is the same as the Hagedorn temperature, giving a physical basis of the thermodynamic bootstrap model.     

Interactions of Nile Blue with Micelles, Reverse Micelles and a Genomic DNA

In this contribution we report studies on the nature of binding of a small ligand/drug Nile blue (NB) with sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) micelles, bis-(2-ethylehexyl) sulfosuccinate (AOT)/isooctane reverse micelles (RM) and a genomic DNA extracted from Salmon sperm. With detailed steady state and picosecond resolved optical spectroscopic techniques, we examined the fluorescence quenching of the ligand upon complexation with the SDS monomers and DNA. Polarization analyzed picosecond-resolved fluorescence measurements reveal geometrical restriction on the probe in SDS micelles, AOT-RM and DNA. Steady state and time resolved studies on the probe in nanocages of AOT RM with various degrees of hydration (w₀) reveal the existence of NB as two distinct species namely, neutral and cationic. This study confirms that the emission of NB in aqueous micelles and DNA solution is due to the cationic form of the drug. Our experiments clearly identified non-specific electrostatic and intercalative modes of interaction of the probe with the DNA at lower and higher DNA concentrations respectively. The nature of binding of NB in presence of the DNA and SDS micelles reveals that the binding affinity of the probe is higher with the micelles than with the DNA. The complex rigidity of NB with DNA and its fluorescence quenching with DNA elucidate a strong recognition mechanism between NB and DNA.     

On Markuševič decompositions of Banach spaces

пРОВЕДЕНО сИстЕМАтИ ЧЕскОЕ ИсслЕДОВАНИЕ РАжлИЧНых тИпОВ РАжлОжЕНИИ, А ИМ ЕННО, пО МАРкУшЕВИЧУ, ОБОБЩЕН Ных И РАжлОжЕНИИ пО шА УДЕРУ. УкАжАНы пРИМЕРы, ИллУ стРИРУУЩИЕ ВжАИМООтНОшЕНИь ЁтИ х тИпОВ РАжлОжЕНИИ. Ос НОВНАь цЕль ДАННОИ РАБОты — ИжУЧЕ НИЕ РАжлОжЕНИИ пО МАРкУшЕВИЧУ (M-РАжл ОжЕНИИ). ОтМЕЧАЕтсь, Чт О пОслЕДОВАтЕльНОсть пРОЕкцИИ, сВьжАННАь с ОБОБЩЕНН ыМ РАжлОжЕНИЕМ, ьВльЕ тсь ЕДИНстВЕННОИ тОгДА И тОлькО тОгДА, кОгДА ЁтОM-РАжлОжЕНИЕ. пОлУ ЧЕНА хАРАктЕРИжАцИьM-РАжлОжЕНИИ В тЕРМИН Ах Их пОДпОслЕДОВАтЕ льНОстЕИ. пОлУЧЕНА тАкжЕ хАРАк тЕРИжАцИь пО шАУДЕРУ В тЕРМИНАхM-РАжлОжЕНИИ. НАкОНЕц, пОлУЧЕНы ОтНОшЕНИь Д ВОИстВЕННОстИ МЕжДУM-РАжлОжЕНИьМИ НЕкОтО РОгО пРОстРАНстВА И НЕкОтОРыМИ РАжлОжЕ НИьМИ сОпРьжЕННОгО п РОстРАНстВА.     

Increased expression of epidermal fatty acid binding protein, cofilin, and 14-3-3-sigma (stratifin) detected by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, mass spectrometry and microsequencing of drug-resistant human adenocarcinoma of the pancreas.

In order to study possible mechanisms leading to chemoresistance in pancreatic adenocarcinoma we examined the global protein expression of pancreatic cancer cells in vitro. We used a cell culture model derived from the adenocarcinoma of the pancreas (EPP85-181P). A classical multidrug-resistant subline, EPP85-181RDB, selected in presence of daunorubicin, and an atypical multidrug-resistant cell variant, EPP85-181RNOV, selected in presence of mitoxantrone, were analyzed using two-dimensional electrophoresis. After staining and image analysis, spots of interest were isolated using preparative two-dimensional electrophoresis and subjected to mass spectrometry and microsequencing. Three proteins, E-FABP, cofilin, and 14-3-3-sigma (stratifin), were overexpressed in chemoresistant cell lines. Cofilin was present in both multidrug in chemoresistant cell lines. Cofilin was present in both multidrug-resistant cell lines. E-FABP and 14-3-3-sigma (stratifin) was found to be overexpressed only in the mitoxantrone-selected atypical multidrug-resistant cell line. The possible significance of these findings is discussed.     

Temperature-dependent solvation dynamics of water in sodium bis(2-ethylhexyl)sulfosuccinate/isooctane reverse micelles

In this paper, for the first time, we report a detailed study of the temperature-dependent solvation dynamics of a probe fluorophore, coumarin-500, in AOT/isooctane reverse micelles (RMs) with varying degrees of hydration (w0) of 5, 10, and 20 at four different temperatures, 293, 313, 328, and 343 K. The average solvation time constant becomes faster with the increase in w0 values at a particular temperature. The solvation dynamics of a RM with a fixed w0 value also becomes faster with the increase in temperature. The observed temperature-induced faster solvation dynamics is associated with a transition of bound- to free-type water molecules, and the corresponding activation energy value for the w0 = 5 system has been found to be 3.4 kcal mol-1, whereas for the latter two systems, it is approximately 5 kcal mol-1. Dynamic light scattering measurements indicate an insignificant change in size with temperature for RMs with w0 = 5 and 10, whereas for a w0 = 20 system, the hydrodynamic diameter increases with temperature. Time-resolved fluorescence anisotropy studies reveal a decrease in the rotational restriction on the probe with increasing temperature for all systems. Wobbling-in-cone analysis of the anisotropy data also supports this finding.     

Estimation of underground water radon danger in Bakreswar and Tantloi Geothermal Region,India

The main aim of the study is to present an evaluation of radon concentration in underground water of Bakreswar and Tantloi geothermal region which is mainly used for drinking purposes of the local people. Water samples were collected from tube-wells at 173 different locations. The radon (²²²Rn) concentration level was observed to fluctuate widely between 3.3 and 803.8 Bq/l with an average of 106.8 Bq/l. Nearly 42% of the samples had radon concentration above the safe limit of 100 Bq/l recommended by World Health Organisation (WHO) and European Union Commission (EU). Considering the WHO and International Commission on Radiological Protection recommended water consumption rate for adults (730 l/year) the corresponding total annual effective dose of the samples were estimated to assess the probable health risk. Total annual effective dose of the samples were varied between 16.72 and 4079.47 µSv/year with an average value of 541.92 µSv/year. About 95% samples exceed the WHO and EU Commission proposed safe limit of 100 µSv/year.     

Naphthyl-(2-pyridylmethylene)amine complexes of silver(I) and ruthenium(II): synthesis,spectral studies and electrochemical behaviour

Pyridine-2-carboxaldehyde reacts with /-naphthylamine to give /-naphthyl-(2-pyridylmethylene)amine [-L (1), -L (2)]. L belongs to the unsymmetric diimine (—N=C—C=N—) family which can form five–membered chelate rings with metal ions. {donor centers are abbreviated as N[N(Py)] and N [N(nap)]} [Ag(L)₂]⁺ complexes were prepared and characterized by spectroscopic data. The reaction between L and RuCl₃ in boiling EtOH yielded green and blue–green compounds of composition RuCl₂(L)₂. I.r., u.v.–vis. and ¹H-n.m.r. data determined the stereochemistry of the complexes as trans-cis-cis (green) and cis-trans-cis (blue–green) according to the sequence of the coordination pair of Cl, N [N(Py)] and N [N(nap)]. Upon treatment of Ag(L)₂ ⁺ with Ru(bpy)₂Cl₂ in alcoholic suspension the ternary complexes, [Ru(bpy)₂(L)](ClO₄)₂, were isolated and characterized by spectroscopic data. [Ru(bpy)(L)₂](ClO₄)₂ complexes were synthesized similarly from ctc-Ru(L)₂Cl₂ and 2,2-bipyridine (bpy) in the presence of AgNO₃ and NaClO₄. These complexes show well-defined m.l.c.t transitions in the visible region. The sterochemistry of the complexes was established by ¹H-n.m.r. data. Cyclic voltammetry shows a high potential Ru^III/Ru^II couple and follows the order: [Ru(bpy)(L)₂]²⁺ > [Ru(bpy)₂(L)]²⁺ > Ru(-L)₂Cl₂ > Ru(-L)₂Cl₂.