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261.
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264.
12 , 169 (1987). Reasonably good agreements in the peak output power and laser efficiency have been achieved. Model calculations
also predict that an efficiency as high as 2.7% can be obtained once the conditions of the above-mentioned experiments have
been optimized. From the consideration that the skin depth effectively limits the absorption length of the microwave pumping
and hence the excitable volume, it is concluded that high input power densities (>2 MW/cm3) and higher gas pressures (between 3 and 10 atm) are the preferable conditions to achieve higher efficiency. Preliminary
calculations on CCl4 containing XeCl gas mixtures show that improvement in laser efficiency by several folds may be achieved as a result of the
higher intrinsic efficiency of excimer formation.
Received: 23 September 1996 / Revised version: 25 March 1997 相似文献
265.
A method was developed for the determination of largest Lyapunov index for short chaotic time sequences with allowance for
the presence of noise in the response of the system. For this purpose a simple unidimensional representation modelling the
dynamics of irregular self-oscillations was investigated. Conditions were found for adequate determination of the largest
Lyapunov index from the noise-distorted signals. The results were used to obtain the largest Lyapunov index for the Belousov—Zhabotinskii
reaction taking place in an ideal-mixing closed reactor and in a constant-mixing flow-type reactor.
Institute of Organic Chemistry, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. Translated from Teoreticheskaya i éksperimental’naya
Khimiya, Vol. 33, No. 3, pp. 136–142, May–June, 1997. 相似文献
266.
The mechanism of silicon epitaxy on porous Si(111) layers is investigated by the Monte Carlo method. The Gilmer model of adatom
diffusion extended to the case of arbitrary surface morphology is used. Vacancies and pendants of atoms are allowed in the
generalized model, the activation energy of a diffusion hop depends on the state of the neighboring positions in the first
and second coordination spheres, and neighbors located outside the growing elementary layer are also taken into account. It
is shown that in this model epitaxy occurs by the formation of metastable nucleation centers at the edges of pores, followed
by growth of the nucleation centers along the perimeter and the formation of a thin, continuous pendant layer. Three-dimensional
images of surface layers at different stages of epitaxy were obtained. The dependence of the kinetics of the epitaxy process
on the amount of deposited silicon is determined for different substrate porosities.
Pis’ma Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 67, No. 7, 512–517 (10 April 1998) 相似文献
267.
Yu. G. Abov D. S. Denisov N. O. Elyutin S. K. Matveev Yu. I. Smirnov A. O. Éidlin F. S. Dzheparov D. V. L’vov 《Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics》1998,87(6):1195-1200
The asymptotic behavior of the spectra for large values of the scattering vector for the case of elastic multiple small-angle
neutron scattering (SANS) is investigated theoretically and experimentally. An expansion of the spectrum in terms of the reciprocal
of the magnitude of the momentum transfer is obtained taking account of the influence of the instrumental line. It is shown
that, to within some factor, the leading term of the expansion is identical to the differential single-scattering cross section
averaged over a statistical ensemble of particles; several subsequent terms in the expansion are calculated and the range
of applicability of the resulting expressions is determined. The asymptotic behavior of the multiple SANS spectrum is measured,
using a two-crystal neutron spectrometer, for samples of an HTSC ceramic, the alloy Fe-Ni, and Al powder. The agreement between
the experimental results and the theoretical predictions is analyzed.
Zh. éksp. Teor. Fiz. 114, 2194–2203 (December 1998) 相似文献
268.
I. M. Shmyt’ko A. N. Izotov N. S. Afonikova S. Vieira G. Rubio 《Physics of the Solid State》1998,40(4):687-690
The formation of polytypic modifications is observed in dislocation-free silicon single crystals under directional plastic
deformation. It is shown that the deformation-stimulated phase appears on the surface of the sample in the form of small grains
ranging from several hundred to several thousand angstroms in size. A twin structure in the individual grains is observed.
Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 40, 746–749 (April 1998) 相似文献
269.
The dynamics of defects with linear dimensions from ≈1 to ≈100 nm on a Au surface under load have been studied by means of
tunnelling microscopy. It is found that the origin, growth, and resorption of the defects is caused by displacements of bands
of material from 5 to 50 nm wide, parallel to the {111} slip planes. The defects can be separated into two groups: nonsteady-state
defects, whose lifetime does not exceed 15 min, while the depth is ⩽20 nm, and quasi-steady-state defects, with a lifetime
three orders of magnitude greater than the first. It is assumed that the nonsteady-state defects are formed when the ensemble
of dislocations is being reconstructed, while the quasi-steady-state defects are formed at the instant of formation of dislocation
substructures during the creep of the loaded metal.
Fiz. Tverd. Tela (St. Petersburg) 40, 2180–2183 (December 1998) 相似文献
270.
E. D. Éidel’man 《Technical Physics》1998,43(11):1275-1279
A theory is developed for a new type of transition — a change in the ratio of the longitudinal and transverse dimensions of
a convection cell as the thickness of a liquid layer is varied. A sudden change in the ratio of the cell dimensions takes
place because of a change in the predominant mechanism for excitation of convection. The governing influence of buoyancy forces
gives way to one of thermocapillary forces, and they in turn give way to the influence of thermoelectric forces for yet thinner
layers. As the layer thickness is reduced gradually at a fixed external heating, the ratio of the dimensions will take on
the values 0.7, 0.65, and 1, respectively.
Zh. Tekh. Fiz. 68, 7–11 (November 1998) 相似文献