Effects of the architecture and environment on polymeric molecular assemblies of novel amphiphilic diblock copolynorbornenes with narrow polydispersity via living ring‐opening metathesis polymerization

Diblock copolymers of 5‐(methylphthalimide)bicyclo[2.2.1]hept‐2‐ene (NBMPI) and 1,5‐cyclooctadiene were synthesized by living ring‐opening metathesis polymerization with a well‐defined catalyst {RuCl₂(CHPh)[P(C₆H₁₁)₃]₂}. Unhydrogenated diblock copolymers showed two glass transitions due to poly(NBMPI) and polybutadiene segments, such as two glass‐transition temperatures at ?86.5 and 115.3 °C for poly 1a and ?87.2 and 115.3 °C for poly 1b . However, only one melting temperature could be observed for hydrogenated copolymers, such as 119.8 °C for poly 2a and 121.7 °C for poly 2b . The unhydrogenated diblock copolymer with the longer poly(NBMPI) chain (poly 1a ; temperature at 10% mass loss = 400 °C) exhibited better thermal stability than the one with the shorter poly(NBMPI) chain (poly 1b ; temperature at 10% mass loss = 385 °C). Two kinds of hydrogenated diblock copolymers, poly 2a and poly 2b , exhibited relatively poor solubility but better thermal stability than unhydrogenated diblock copolymers because of the polyethylene segments. Poly[(hydrochloride quaternized 2‐norbornene‐5‐methyleneamine)‐b‐butadiene]‐1 (poly 3a ) was obtained after the hydrolysis and quaternization of poly 1a . Dynamic light scattering measurements indicated that the hydrodynamic diameters of the cationic copolymer (poly 3a ) in water (hydrodynamic diameter = 1580 nm without salt), methanol/water (4/96 v/v; hydrodynamic diameter = 1500 nm without salt), and tetrahydrofuran/water (4/96 v/v; hydrodynamic diameter = 1200 nm without salt) decreased with increasing salt (NaCl) concentration. The effect of temperature on the hydrodynamic diameter of hydrophobically modified poly 3a was also studied. The inflection point of the hydrodynamic diameter of poly 3a was observed at various polymer concentrations around 30 °C. The critical micelle concentration of hydrophobically modified poly 3a was observed at 0.018 g dL^?1. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 44: 2901–2911, 2006     

Local chemical distribution and electronic structure of Ge1−xTx DMS single crystals (T=Cr,Mn, Fe)

The spatial concentration distribution and local electronic structure of ferromagnetic Ge_1−xT_x (T=Cr, Mn, Fe) DMS single crystals have been investigated by using scanning photoelectron microscopy (SPEM), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), and photoemission spectroscopy (PES). It is found that doped T ions in Ge_1−xT_x crystals are chemically phase-separated, suggesting that the observed ferromagnetism arises from the phase-separated T-rich phases in Ge_1−xT_x.     

Equivalence of functional-differential equations of neutral type and abstract Cauchy problems

Equivalence of functional-differential equations of neutral type to well-posed abstract Cauchy problems in the state spaces ⁿ }L ^p ,L ^p resp.C is investigated. The assumptions allow non-atomic difference operators.This work was supported by the Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Austria) under Grant No. P4534.Work done by this author was done during a stay at the University of Graz from October 1981 till April 1984.     

Photoreactions of benzosilacyclobutenes with carbonyl compounds. SH2 reaction on SiC bond by triplet carbonyl compounds

Photoreaction of 2,3-benzo-1,1-diphenyl(or dimethyl)-1-sila-2-cyclobutene with an aldehyde or ketone results in 1:1 cycloadduct of [4+2] type, the formation of which is accountd for in terms of S_H2 process, i.e., attack of a triplet carbonyl compound on the silicon of the benzosilacyclobutene.     

Stereochemistry of cytidine: conformational analysis and hydrogen bonding

The energy calculations using the INDO molecular orbital method and classical potential function show that the syn conformation of pyrimidine nucleosides having the C_(2')-endo or C_(2')-endo-C_(3')-endo sugar ring puckering is as stable as the corresponding anti form.The O_(2')-O_(2') base-ribose hydrogen bonding significantly alters the Φ_CN conformation by confining the allowed Φ_CN ranges to about 150–210°.     

Molecular characteristics of the inhibition of human neutrophil elastase by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs

Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs(NSAIDs) are known as clinically effective agents for treatment of inflammatory diseases. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase has been thought to be a major facet of the pharmacological mechanism of NSAIDs. However, it is difficult to ascribe the antiinflammatory effects of NSAIDs solely to the inhibition of prostaglandin synthesis. Human neutrophil elastase (HNElastase; HNE, EC 3.4.21.37) has been known as a causative factor in inflammatory diseases. To investigate the specific relationship between HNElastase inhibition and specificity of molecular structure of several NSAIDs, HNElastase was purified by Ultrogel AcA54 gel filtration, CM-Sephadex ion exchange, and HPLC (with TSK 250 column) chromatography. HNElastase was inhibited by aspirin and salicylate in a competitive manner and by naproxen, ketoprofen, phenylbutazone, and oxyphenbutazone in a partial competative manner, but not by ibuprofen and tolmetin. HNElastase-phenylbutazone-complex showed strong Raman shifts at 200, 440, 1124, 1194, 1384, 1506, and 1768 cm(-1). The Raman bands 1194, 1384, and 1768 cm(-1) may represent evidences of the conformational change at -N=N-phi radical, pyrazol ring, and -C=O radical of the elastase-drug complex, respectively. Phenylbutazone might be bound to HNElastase by ionic and hydrophobic interaction, and masked the active site. Inhibition of HNElastase could be another mechanism of action of NSAIDs besides cyclooxygenase inhibition in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. Different inhibition characteristics of HNE-lastase by NSAIDs such as aspirin, phenylbutazone-like drugs and ineffective drugs could be important points for drawing the criteria for appropriate drugs in clinical application.     

基于物联网的医用耗材智能屋管理系统

针对医用高值耗材种类繁多、管理难度大的问题,为减少人力成本、提高医用高值耗材的智能化管理水平。本文提出了基于物联网的高值医用耗材智能屋的管理系统,介绍了智能屋的整体架构、系统功能、核心业务及流程设计,主要分为结构模块、RFID模块、数据库模块、控制系统模块四大模块,具体有用户管理、出入库管理、综合查询、预警管理四大业务,通过GM(1,1)模型对2022年全年高值医用耗材的月消耗量进行预测分析,并且检验得该预测模型的精度等级为一级,模型预测效果很好,能够为医院采购人员采购提供了一个参考,避免因过度的主观估计而造成的耗材浪费。该系统能够有效地提高医院对于高值医用耗材的管理水平,减少人力、物力和财力的消耗,为广大患者提供更加优质的医疗服务。本文所提的高值医用耗材智能屋管理系统解决了传统的高值医用耗材管理的诸多难题。     

Best interpolation in seminorm with convex constraints

Implicit and explicit characterizations of the solutions to the following constrained best interpolation problem $$\min \left\{ {\left\| {Tx - z} \right\|:x \in C \cap A^{ - 1} d} \right\}$$ are presented. Here,T is a densely-defined, closed, linear mapping from a Hilbert spaceX to a Hilbert spaceY, A: X→Z is a continuous, linear mapping withZ a locally, convex linear topological space,C is a closed, convex set in the domain domT ofT, andd∈AC. For the case in whichC is a closed, convex cone, it is shown that the constrained best interpolation problem can generally be solved by finding the saddle points of a saddle function on the whole space, and, if the explicit characterization is applicable, then solving this problem is equivalent to solving an unconstrained minimization problem for a convex function.