Magnetic texturing of xenon-ion irradiated nickel films

Thin polycrystalline Ni films of typically 75 nm thickness evaporated on Si or SiO₂ substrates were irradiated with 30-900 keV Xe-ions to fluences of 2.5 x 10¹³ - 4 x 10¹⁴/cm². The magnetization of the Ni films was measured using the longitudinal Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect and Vibrating Sample Magnetometry. The Ni-film thickness and Xe-concentration profiles were determined with Rutherford backscattering spectroscopy and the lattice dilation with X-ray diffraction. The Xe-irradiations were found to induce an in-plane uniaxial magnetic anisotropy within the Ni-films. This magnetic texture was investigated in relationship to the microstructure as function of the ion energy and fluence, the sample temperature, the presence of an external magnetic field during the irradiation and the stress field produced before, during and after the implantations.Received: 30 September 2004, Published online: 14 December 2004PACS: 61.82.Bg Metals and alloys - 68.55.Ln Defects and impurities: doping, implantation, distribution, concentration, etc. - 75.30.Gw Magnetic anisotropy - 75.70.-i Magnetic properties of thin films, surfaces, and interfaces     

Darstellung und Kristallstruktur von Rb2Sn3S7 · 2H2O und Rb4Sn2Se6

Preparation and Crystal Structure of Rb₂Sn₃S₇ · 2 H₂O and Rb₄Sn₂Se₆ Rb₂Sn₃S₇ · 2 H₂O has been prepared by hydrothermal reaction of SnS₂ and Rb₂CO₃ in an with H₂S saturated aqueous solution at 190°C. The crystal lattice contains chain anions [Sn₃S₇^2?] which display both SnS₄ tetrahedra and SnS₆ octahedra. Methanolothermal reaction of SnCl₂ with Se and Rb₂CO₃ at 145°C leads to the formation of Rb₄Sn₂Se₆ which contains edge-bridged bitetrahedral [Sn₂Se₆]^4? anions.     

Formalkinetische Behandlung des Masseverlustes bei thermischen Abbauprozessen von Polymeren unter nichtisothermen Bedingungen

On the basis of the formal basic relation $$\frac{{d\alpha }}{{dt}} = A \cdot e^ - \frac{E}{{RT}}(1 - \alpha )^n $$ methods of calculating kinetic values from non-isothermal thermogravimetric curves have been critically evaluated. It has been established that in general integral methods are preferable to differential methods. Methods basing on a series expansion of the exponential integral $$\int\limits_0^T {e^ - \frac{{ET}}{{RT}}} dT$$ are applicable without limitations to any cases. It has been concluded that the integral method suggested by Zsakó is the most reliable.