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941.
Z.X. Cheng S.J. ZhangF. Song H.C. GuoJ.R. Han H.C. Chen 《Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids》2002,63(11):2011-2017
Erbium and ytterbium codoped double tungstates NaY(WO4)2 crystals were prepared by using Czochralski (CZ) pulling method. The absorption spectra in the region 290-2000 nm have been recorded at room temperature. The Judd-Ofelt theory was applied to the measured values of absorption line strengths to evaluate the spontaneous emission probabilities and stimulated emission cross sections of Er3+ ions in NaY(WO4)2 crystals. Intensive green and red lights were measured when the sample were pumped by a 974 nm laser diode (LD), especially, the intensities of green upconversion luminescence are very strong. The mechanism of energy transfer from Yb3+ to Er3+ ions was analyzed. Energy transfer and nonradiative relaxation played an important role in the upconversion process. Photoexcited luminescence experiments are also fulfilled to help analyzing the transit processes of the energy levels. 相似文献
942.
This paper presents the simulation of surface acoustic wave (SAW)-induced absorption coefficient and refractive index change in InGaAs-GaAs multiple quantum well (MQW) structures operating near 980 nm. The exciton problem is solved in two dimensional momentum space to include the non-axial effect due to strain induced valance band mixing and nonparabolicity. The optical absorption coefficient and refractive index changes near the band gap in the MQWs are calculated as a function of SAW power. 相似文献
943.
This paper presents a practical method for trimming the natural frequencies of an initially imperfect ring to simultaneously eliminate certain of the frequency splits present. Compared with previous work, the novel feature of this method is that the trimming masses are positioned at pre-selected locations on the ring. The basis for the proposed method is the concept of equivalent imperfection mass, which allows any imperfect ring to be considered as a perfect ring with equivalent imperfection masses attached. By considering this trimming problem it is deduced that it is possible to trim N pairs of modes simultaneously by removing (a minimum of) 2 N trimming masses at particular locations around the ring. By positioning the trimming masses at pre-selected locations, it is shown that a simple set of trimming masses can be calculated easily, and from this set an infinite number of solution sets can be found. Methods for generating these sets are outlined for the trimming of both a single and a dual pair of modes. In practice, it is likely that the trimming masses will be spaced regularly. For this special case, it is found that it is not possible to trim all single- and dual-mode pairs with any arrangement of masses. Validation of the derived simple solution set and the proposed procedure to generate further sets is achieved by studying a number of theoretical examples. 相似文献
944.
F. D. Saccone C. E. Rodrí guez Torres F. H. S nchez O. Gutfleisch 《Physica B: Condensed Matter》2002,320(1-4):312-315
In the present work, a quantitative analysis of the phase compositions by Mössbauer effect spectroscopy of solid and conventional hydrogen disproportionated Pr13.7Fe80.3B6.0 and Pr13.7Fe63.5Co16.7Zr0.1B6.0 alloys was carried out. Significant amounts of intermediate borides t-Fe3B and Pr(Fe, Co)12B6 were detected after solid hydrogen disproportionation treatment in Pr13.7Fe80.3B6.0 and Pr13.7Fe63.5Co16.7Zr0.1B6.0 alloys, respectively. After conventional hydrogenation–disproportionation–desorption–recombination treatment these phases were not detected and in no case residual Pr2Fe14B-phase was found. It was observed that the amount of intermediate borides after disproportionation can be correlated with the degree of texture after recombination at various temperatures. 相似文献
945.
An intensive care nursery provides health care for critically ill newborn infants. During a typical shift, infants range from those needing only occasional care to those requiring constant attention. At the beginning of each shift, the head nurse groups the patients for assignment to staff nurses. Typically each nurse cares for one group of infants throughout the shift. The large variation in infant conditions along with several complicating side constraints makes it difficult to develop balanced nurse work loads. We develop a mathematical programming approach for achieving better workload balance. We first develop a detailed neonatal acuity system that quantifies the nursing workload of each patient. We then develop an integer linear program that assigns patients to nurses while balancing nurse workloads. Because this model is computationally intractable, we develop a heuristic that exploits the fact that most nurseries are divided into a number of physical zones. We use ten case studies taken from a major university hospital to benchmark the performance of this heuristic. We also perform a designed experiment using randomly generated problems that examines the effect of nursery parameters on heuristic performance. 相似文献
946.
Polyvios C. Eleftheriou 《Applied Acoustics》2002,63(1):35-42
The effects of industrial noise on hearing loss of workers in Cyprus was studied over the period from 1996 to 1999. Measurements of the noise exposure doses of more than 200 workers from 90 Cypriot industries, ranging from timber to food and beverage were evaluated. Audiometric examinations of the studied workers showed that 27.8% suffered some hearing damage while 7.7% suffered serious hearing loss. 相似文献
947.
948.
A current interpretation of XPS spectra of Ni metal assumes that the main 6 eV satellite is due to a two hole c3d94s2 (c is a core hole) final state effect. We report REELS observation in AES at low voltages of losses (plasmons and inter-band transitions) corresponding to the satellite structures in Ni metal 2p spectra. The satellite near 6 eV is attributed to a predominant surface plasmon loss. A current interpretation of Ni 2p spectra of oxides and other compounds is based on charge transfer assignments of the main peak at 854.6 eV and the broad satellite centred at around 861 eV to the cd9L and the unscreened cd8 final-state configurations, respectively (L is a ligand hole). Multiplet splittings have been shown to be necessary for assignment of Fe 2p and Cr 2p spectral profiles and chemical states. The assignments of Ni 2p states are re-examined with intra-atomic multiplet envelopes applied to Ni(OH)2, NiOOH and NiO spectra. It is shown that the free ion multiplet envelopes for Ni2+ and Ni3+ simulate the main line and satellite structures for Ni(OH)2 and NiOOH. Fitting the NiO Ni 2p spectral profile is not as straightforward as the hydroxide and oxyhydroxide. It may involve contributions from inter-atomic, non-local electronic coupling and screening effects with multiplet structures significantly different from the free ions as found for MnO. A scheme for fitting these spectra using multiplet envelopes is proposed. 相似文献
949.
The pressure dependence of the experimental 7Li NMR spectra is reported for first stage lithium graphite (LiC6) intercalation compound at temperatures T = 232 and 293 K. This experiment together with the presented point charge model calculation of the 7Li quadrupole coupling constant allows an unambiguous determination of the sign of e2qQ/h which is negative: at p = 1 bar and T = 232 K. The averaged location of the electrons transferred from the Li intercalant to the graphite layers, as estimated in this study, is in excellent agreement with earlier theoretical energy-band calculations. The compressibility of LiC6 in the c-direction is predicted to be kc = 1.7 × 10-12cm2dyn-1, it agrees with estimates derived from the available phonon dispersion relations. 相似文献
950.
To date, ten experimental measurements of the asymmetry parameter have been made for the positron decay of52Mn. The Fermi to Gamow-Teller mixing ratioy can be deduced from such measurements and this quantity is important because the time-reversal violating amplitude is proportional toy/(1+y2). Our theoretical calculation using the Collective Model yieldsy=? 3.5×10?4 for the deformation parameterβ=0.1 andy=? 4.6×10?4 forβ=0.2. Such small values ofy are consistent with time-reversal invarisance. 相似文献